32 Spring AOP实例(Pointcut,Adviso
在上一个Spring AOP通知的例子,一个类的整个方法被自动拦截。但在大多数情况下,可能只需要一种方式来拦截一个或两个方法,这就是为什么引入'切入点'的原因。它允许你通过它的方法名来拦截方法。另外,一个“切入点”必须具有“Advisor' 相关联。
在Spring AOP中,有三个非常专业术语- Advices, Pointcut , Advisor,把它在非官方的方式...
- Advice – 指示之前或方法执行后采取的行动。
- Pointcut – 指明哪些方法应该拦截,通过方法的名称或正则表达式模式。
- Advisor – 分组"通知"和”切入点“成为一个单元,并把它传递到代理工厂对象。
再次回顾上一个 Spring AOP通知的例子。在例子中客户服务类的全部方法被截获。
现在,我们展示如何使用“切入点”只拦截printName()方法
切入点的例子
可以通过以下两种方式相匹配的方法:
a) 名称匹配
b) 正则表达式匹配
1.切入点 - 名称匹配的例子
通过“切入点”和“advisor”拦截printName()方法。创建NameMatchMethodPointcut切入点bean,并提出要在“mappedName”属性值来拦截方法名。
<bean id="customerPointcut" class="org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcut">
<property name="mappedName" value="printName" />
</bean>
创建 DefaultPointcutAdvisor 通知 bean,通知和切入点相关联。
<bean id="customerAdvisor" class="org.springframework.aop.support.DefaultPointcutAdvisor">
<property name="pointcut" ref="customerPointcut" />
<property name="advice" ref="hijackAroundMethodBeanAdvice" />
</bean>
更换代理“interceptorNames”到“customerAdvisor”(它是“hijackAroundMethodBeanAdvice”)。
<bean id="customerServiceProxy"
class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
<property name="target" ref="customerService" />
<property name="interceptorNames">
<list>
<value>customerAdvisor</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
全部bean配置文件
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
<bean id="customerService" class="com.gp6.aop.advisor.CustomerService">
<property name="name" value="Gp6" />
<property name="url" value="http://www.jianshu.com/u/bdfd4b762426" />
</bean>
<bean id="hijackAroundMethodBeanAdvice" class="com.gp6.aop.advisor.HijackAroundMethod" />
<!-- 1 通过“切入点”和“advisor”拦截printName()方法。创建NameMatchMethodPointcut切入点bean,并提出要在“mappedName”属性值来拦截方法名。 -->
<bean id="customerPointcut" class="org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcut">
<property name="mappedName" value="printName" />
</bean>
<!-- 2 创建 DefaultPointcutAdvisor 通知 bean,通知和切入点相关联。 -->
<bean id="customerAdvisor" class="org.springframework.aop.support.DefaultPointcutAdvisor">
<property name="pointcut" ref="customerPointcut" />
<property name="advice" ref="hijackAroundMethodBeanAdvice" />
</bean>
<!-- 3 更换代理“interceptorNames”到“customerAdvisor”(它是“hijackAroundMethodBeanAdvice”)。 -->
<bean id="customerServiceProxy" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
<property name="target" ref="customerService" />
<property name="interceptorNames">
<list>
<value>customerAdvisor</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
package com.gp6.aop.advisor;
public class CustomerService {
private String name;
private String url;
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public void setUrl(String url) {
this.url = url;
}
public void printName() {
System.out.println("Customer name : " + this.name);
}
public void printURL() {
System.out.println("Customer website : " + this.url);
}
public void printThrowException() {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
}
package com.gp6.aop.advisor;
import java.util.Arrays;
import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInterceptor;
import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInvocation;
public class HijackAroundMethod implements MethodInterceptor {
@Override
public Object invoke(MethodInvocation methodInvocation) throws Throwable {
System.out.println("Method name : "
+ methodInvocation.getMethod().getName());
System.out.println("Method arguments : "
+ Arrays.toString(methodInvocation.getArguments()));
// same with MethodBeforeAdvice
System.out.println("HijackAroundMethod : Before method hijacked!");
try {
// proceed to original method call
Object result = methodInvocation.proceed();
// same with AfterReturningAdvice
System.out.println("HijackAroundMethod : Before after hijacked!");
return result;
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
// same with ThrowsAdvice
System.out.println("HijackAroundMethod : Throw exception hijacked!");
throw e;
}
}
}
package com.gp6.aop.advisor;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext appContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("com/gp6/aop/advisor/applicationContext.xml");
CustomerService cust = (CustomerService) appContext.getBean("customerServiceProxy");
System.out.println("*************************");
cust.printName();
System.out.println("*************************");
cust.printURL();
System.out.println("*************************");
try {
cust.printThrowException();
} catch (Exception e) {
}
}
}
输出
*************************
Customer name : Gp6
*************************
Customer website : http://www.jianshu.com/u/bdfd4b762426
*************************
现在,只拦截 printName()方法。
PointcutAdvisor
Spring提供了PointcutAdvisor类来保存工作声明advisor和切入点到不同的bean,可以使用 NameMatchMethodPointcutAdvisor 两者结合成一个 bean。
<bean id="customerAdvisor" class="org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcutAdvisor">
<property name="mappedName" value="printName" />
<property name="advice" ref="hijackAroundMethodBeanAdvice" />
</bean>
2.切入点 - 正则表达式的例子
也可以通过使用正则表达式匹配切入点方法的名称 – RegexpMethodPointcutAdvisor.
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
<bean id="customerService" class="com.gp6.aop.advisor.CustomerService">
<property name="name" value="Gp6" />
<property name="url" value="http://www.jianshu.com/u/bdfd4b762426" />
</bean>
<bean id="hijackAroundMethodBeanAdvice" class="com.gp6.aop.advisor.HijackAroundMethod" />
<!-- 1 通过使用正则表达式匹配切入点方法的名称 – RegexpMethodPointcutAdvisor。 -->
<bean id="customerAdvisor" class="org.springframework.aop.support.RegexpMethodPointcutAdvisor">
<property name="patterns">
<list>
<value>.*URL.*</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="advice" ref="hijackAroundMethodBeanAdvice" />
</bean>
<!-- 2 更换代理“interceptorNames”到“customerAdvisor”(它是“hijackAroundMethodBeanAdvice”)。 -->
<bean id="customerServiceProxy" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
<property name="target" ref="customerService" />
<property name="interceptorNames">
<list>
<value>customerAdvisor</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
其他文件都和上面相同
现在,它拦截方法名称中有“URL”的方法。在实践中,可以用它来管理DAO层,声明“.DAO.” 拦截所有的DAO类来支持事务。