flink1.8 心跳服务

2019-10-06  本文已影响0人  todd5167

心跳服务

Flink对各组件服务状态的监控统一使用心跳服务来管理,如同其他的服务一样,这一部分的代码也是解耦的,被多个地方重复使用。本次重点是学习下Flink是如何封装心跳管理的,不涉及对心跳超时、传递心跳信息的后续处理。先回答如下问题,在看具体代码。

心跳服务使用的主要接口和类如下图所示:

HeartbeatTarget:用来发送心跳信息,也用来接收心跳响应。心跳发送者和接收者都是该接口的子类。两者都可以携带Payload信息。

public interface HeartbeatTarget<I> {
    // 接收监控目标发送来的心跳请求信息
   void receiveHeartbeat(ResourceID heartbeatOrigin, I heartbeatPayload);
    // 向监控目标发送心跳请求
    void requestHeartbeat(ResourceID requestOrigin, I heartbeatPayload);
}

HeartbeatManager:心跳管理器用来启动或停止监视HeartbeatTarget,并报告该目标心跳超时事件。通过monitorTarget来传递并监控HeartbeatTarget,这个方法可以看做是整个服务的输入,告诉心跳服务去管理哪些目标。

public interface HeartbeatManager<I, O> extends HeartbeatTarget<I> {
        // 开始监控心跳目标,当目标心跳超时,会报告给与HeartbeatManager关联的HeartbeatListener
    void monitorTarget(ResourceID resourceID, HeartbeatTarget<O> heartbeatTarget);
        //  取消监控心跳目标,ResourceID是心跳目标的标识
    void unmonitorTarget(ResourceID resourceID);
        // 停止当前心跳管理器
    void stop();
       //返回最近一次心跳时间,如果心跳目标被移除了则返回-1
    long getLastHeartbeatFrom(ResourceID resourceId);
}

HeartbeatListener:是和HeartbeatManager密切相关的接口,可以看做服务的输出。主要有以下作用:

public interface HeartbeatListener<I, O> {
      // 心跳超时会调用该方法
    void notifyHeartbeatTimeout(ResourceID resourceID);
      // 接收到有关心跳的payload就会执行该方法
    void reportPayload(ResourceID resourceID, I payload);
    // 检索下一个心跳消息的Payload
    O retrievePayload(ResourceID resourceID);
}

相关代码

heartbeatServices = createHeartbeatServices(configuration);

protected HeartbeatServices createHeartbeatServices(Configuration configuration) {
  return HeartbeatServices.fromConfiguration(configuration);
}
public static HeartbeatServices fromConfiguration(Configuration configuration) {
    // 心跳间隔,默认10s
    long heartbeatInterval = configuration.getLong(HeartbeatManagerOptions.HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL);
    // 心跳超时时间,50s
    long heartbeatTimeout = configuration.getLong(HeartbeatManagerOptions.HEARTBEAT_TIMEOUT);

    return new HeartbeatServices(heartbeatInterval, heartbeatTimeout);
}
//  外部调用者传递heartbeatTarget,并为其创建一个HeartbeatMonitor
public void monitorTarget(ResourceID resourceID, HeartbeatTarget<O> heartbeatTarget) {
   if (!stopped) {
       if (heartbeatTargets.containsKey(resourceID)) {
           log.debug("The target with resource ID {} is already been monitored.", resourceID);
       } else {
           HeartbeatManagerImpl.HeartbeatMonitor<O> heartbeatMonitor = new HeartbeatManagerImpl.HeartbeatMonitor<>(
               resourceID,
               heartbeatTarget,
               mainThreadExecutor,
               heartbeatListener,
               heartbeatTimeoutIntervalMs);

           heartbeatTargets.put(
               resourceID,
               heartbeatMonitor);

           // check if we have stopped in the meantime (concurrent stop operation)
           if (stopped) {
               heartbeatMonitor.cancel();

               heartbeatTargets.remove(resourceID);
           }
       }
   }
}

Heartbeat monitor管理心跳目标,在timeout时间内没有接收到心跳信号,则判定心跳超时,通知给HeartbeatListener,每次接收到心跳信号则重置当前timer。

static class HeartbeatMonitor<O> implements Runnable {

    /** Resource ID of the monitored heartbeat target. */
    private final ResourceID resourceID;

    /** Associated heartbeat target. */
    private final HeartbeatTarget<O> heartbeatTarget;

    private final ScheduledExecutor scheduledExecutor;

    /** Listener which is notified about heartbeat timeouts. */
    private final HeartbeatListener<?, ?> heartbeatListener;

    /** Maximum heartbeat timeout interval. */
    private final long heartbeatTimeoutIntervalMs;

    private volatile ScheduledFuture<?> futureTimeout;
    //  AtomicReference  使用
    private final AtomicReference<State> state = new AtomicReference<>(State.RUNNING);
    //  最近一次接收到心跳的时间
    private volatile long lastHeartbeat;

    HeartbeatMonitor(
        ResourceID resourceID,
        HeartbeatTarget<O> heartbeatTarget,
        ScheduledExecutor scheduledExecutor,
        HeartbeatListener<?, O> heartbeatListener,
        long heartbeatTimeoutIntervalMs) {
        // 被监控的机器ID
        this.resourceID = Preconditions.checkNotNull(resourceID);
        // 心跳目录
        this.heartbeatTarget = Preconditions.checkNotNull(heartbeatTarget);
        this.scheduledExecutor = Preconditions.checkNotNull(scheduledExecutor);
        // 心跳监听器
        this.heartbeatListener = Preconditions.checkNotNull(heartbeatListener);

        Preconditions.checkArgument(heartbeatTimeoutIntervalMs > 0L, "The heartbeat timeout interval has to be larger than 0.");
        this.heartbeatTimeoutIntervalMs = heartbeatTimeoutIntervalMs;

        lastHeartbeat = 0L;

        resetHeartbeatTimeout(heartbeatTimeoutIntervalMs);
    }

    HeartbeatTarget<O> getHeartbeatTarget() {
        return heartbeatTarget;
    }

    ResourceID getHeartbeatTargetId() {
        return resourceID;
    }

    public long getLastHeartbeat() {
        return lastHeartbeat;
    }
    // 报告心跳
    void reportHeartbeat() {
        //  保留最近一次接收心跳时间
        lastHeartbeat = System.currentTimeMillis();
        //  接收心跳后, 重置timeout线程
        resetHeartbeatTimeout(heartbeatTimeoutIntervalMs);
    }
    //  重置TIMEOUT
    void resetHeartbeatTimeout(long heartbeatTimeout) {
        if (state.get() == State.RUNNING) {
            //先取消线程,在重新开启
            cancelTimeout();
            // 启动超时线程
            futureTimeout = scheduledExecutor.schedule(this, heartbeatTimeout, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);

            // Double check for concurrent accesses (e.g. a firing of the scheduled future)
            if (state.get() != State.RUNNING) {
                cancelTimeout();
            }
        }
    }

    void cancel() {
        // we can only cancel if we are in state running
        if (state.compareAndSet(State.RUNNING, State.CANCELED)) {
            cancelTimeout();
        }
    }

    private void cancelTimeout() {
        if (futureTimeout != null) {
            futureTimeout.cancel(true);
        }
    }

    public boolean isCanceled() {
        return state.get() == State.CANCELED;
    }
    // 心跳超时,触发lister的notifyHeartbeatTimeout
    @Override
    public void run() {
        // The heartbeat has timed out if we're in state running
        if (state.compareAndSet(State.RUNNING, State.TIMEOUT)) {
            heartbeatListener.notifyHeartbeatTimeout(resourceID);
        }
    }

    private enum State {
        RUNNING,
        TIMEOUT,
        CANCELED
    }

}

HeartbeatManagerSenderImpl是HeartbeatManagerImpl的子类,由心跳管理的一方(例如JM)创建,创建后立即开启周期调度线程,每次遍历自己管理的heartbeatTarget,触发heartbeatTarget.requestHeartbeat,属于主动触发。

this.heartbeatPeriod = heartbeatPeriod;
mainThreadExecutor.schedule(this, 0L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);

public void run() {
    if (!stopped) {
        log.debug("Trigger heartbeat request.");
        for (HeartbeatMonitor<O> heartbeatMonitor : getHeartbeatTargets()) {
            requestHeartbeat(heartbeatMonitor);
        }
        // 周期调度
        getMainThreadExecutor().schedule(this, heartbeatPeriod, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
    }
}
//  主动发起心跳检查
private void requestHeartbeat(HeartbeatMonitor<O> heartbeatMonitor) {
    O payload = getHeartbeatListener().retrievePayload(heartbeatMonitor.getHeartbeatTargetId());
    final HeartbeatTarget<O> heartbeatTarget = heartbeatMonitor.getHeartbeatTarget();
    heartbeatTarget.requestHeartbeat(getOwnResourceID(), payload);
}
  1. TM启动后会和JM建立连接,连接成功后为JM创建HeartbeatTarget,并重写receiveHeartbeat方法。此时,HeartbeatManagerImpl中已经创建好对应monitor线程,只有在JM执行requestHeartbeat后,才会触发该线程的执行。
TaskExecutor#establishJobManagerConnection

private void establishJobManagerConnection(JobID jobId, final JobMasterGateway jobMasterGateway, JMTMRegistrationSuccess registrationSuccess) {

    ResourceID jobManagerResourceID = registrationSuccess.getResourceID();
    // monitor the job manager as heartbeat target
    jobManagerHeartbeatManager.monitorTarget(jobManagerResourceID, new HeartbeatTarget<AccumulatorReport>() {
        //  tm只接收心跳请求
        @Override
        public void receiveHeartbeat(ResourceID resourceID, AccumulatorReport payload) {
            jobMasterGateway.heartbeatFromTaskManager(resourceID, payload);
        }

        @Override
        public void requestHeartbeat(ResourceID resourceID, AccumulatorReport payload) {
            // request heartbeat will never be called on the task manager side
        }
    });
}
  1. 在receiveHeartbeat方法内部,直接通过RPC调用JM的heartbeatFromTaskManager方法,最终进入HeartbeatManagerImpl#receiveHeartbeat中,在reportHeartbeat重置JM monitor线程的触发,代表TM正常执行。
## jobMaster
public void heartbeatFromTaskManager(final ResourceID resourceID, AccumulatorReport accumulatorReport) {
    taskManagerHeartbeatManager.receiveHeartbeat(resourceID, accumulatorReport);
}

## taskManagerHeartbeatManager的创建
taskManagerHeartbeatManager = heartbeatServices.createHeartbeatManagerSender(
    resourceId,
    new TaskManagerHeartbeatListener(),
    getMainThreadExecutor(),
    log);

##  JM接收到心跳
public void receiveHeartbeat(ResourceID heartbeatOrigin, I heartbeatPayload) {
    if (!stopped) {
        log.debug("Received heartbeat from {}.", heartbeatOrigin);
        //接收到心跳后的操作
        reportHeartbeat(heartbeatOrigin);
    
        if (heartbeatPayload != null) {
            heartbeatListener.reportPayload(heartbeatOrigin, heartbeatPayload);
        }
    }
}

  1. 接收TM的注册后,加入到心跳目标的集合中,在下一个周期会触发TM的requestHeartbeat。
public CompletableFuture<RegistrationResponse> registerTaskManager(
            final String taskManagerRpcAddress,
            final TaskManagerLocation taskManagerLocation,
            final Time timeout) {

final ResourceID taskManagerId = taskManagerLocation.getResourceID();

if (registeredTaskManagers.containsKey(taskManagerId)) {
    final RegistrationResponse response = new JMTMRegistrationSuccess(resourceId);
    return CompletableFuture.completedFuture(response);
} else {
    return getRpcService()
        .connect(taskManagerRpcAddress, TaskExecutorGateway.class)
        .handleAsync(
            (TaskExecutorGateway taskExecutorGateway, Throwable throwable) -> {
                if (throwable != null) {
                    return new RegistrationResponse.Decline(throwable.getMessage());
                }

                slotPool.registerTaskManager(taskManagerId);
                registeredTaskManagers.put(taskManagerId, Tuple2.of(taskManagerLocation, taskExecutorGateway));
                // 加入心跳目标
                // monitor the task manager as heartbeat target
                taskManagerHeartbeatManager.monitorTarget(taskManagerId, new HeartbeatTarget<AllocatedSlotReport>() {
                    @Override
                    public void receiveHeartbeat(ResourceID resourceID, AllocatedSlotReport payload) {
                        // the task manager will not request heartbeat, so this method will never be called currently
                    }
                    // JM要求TM发送心跳请求
                    @Override
                    public void requestHeartbeat(ResourceID resourceID, AllocatedSlotReport allocatedSlotReport) {
                        taskExecutorGateway.heartbeatFromJobManager(resourceID, allocatedSlotReport);
                    }
                });

                return new JMTMRegistrationSuccess(resourceId);
            },
            getMainThreadExecutor());
    }
}
  1. 在requestHeartbeat中RPC调用taskExecutor#heartbeatFromJobManager,最终调用HeartbeatManagerImpl中的requestHeartbeat,启动或重置超时线程,表示JM状态正常。在该方法中又通过RPC调用JM的receiveHeartbeat。
public void requestHeartbeat(final ResourceID requestOrigin, I heartbeatPayload) {
    if (!stopped) {
        log.debug("Received heartbeat request from {}.", requestOrigin);
        //启动超时线程 ,并获取heartbeatTarget,此时的目标是JM
        final HeartbeatTarget<O> heartbeatTarget = reportHeartbeat(requestOrigin);
              
        if (heartbeatTarget != null) {
            if (heartbeatPayload != null) {
                heartbeatListener.reportPayload(requestOrigin, heartbeatPayload);
            }
            // RPC调用JM的receiveHeartbeat
            heartbeatTarget.receiveHeartbeat(getOwnResourceID(), heartbeatListener.retrievePayload(requestOrigin));
        }
    }
}

涉及的类不是很多,麻烦的是RPC过程中确定方法的调用方。

项目中的实现

我们项目中使用的心跳检查机制是通过ZK进行消息传递实现的。Slave心跳服务运行时,会将节点心跳信息以数字形式定期同步到Zookeeper中。Master节点会在设定的调度周期内从Zookeeper中拉取节点心跳信息,初次获取时将节点心跳信息缓存到本地内存,再次获取时判断是否与本地内存缓存中的心跳信息相等,如果不等则代表工作节点正常工作,新的心跳信息覆盖本地缓存心跳信息。如果相等则表示上一个心跳检测周期内,节点未将心跳信息同步到Zookeeper中,此时心跳异常次数递增。如果心跳异常次数达到设定的阀值,则Master判定该Slave节点宕机并禁用该节点,同时进行任务迁移。

Flink则是通过RPC相互调用的方式,并重置对方超时线程的调度。相较于我们那种方式,Flink把心跳管理封装成一个单独的服务来使用,做到了解耦,扩展起来也比较方便,也确实在很多地方都使用了这部分代码,不过要依赖RPC之间的通信。

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