探索SSM(一)-MyBatis
SSM框架在我看来可总结为
Spring:MVC代替Servlet
Mybatis:Dao中数据库操作,简化数据库操作,专注于xml中编辑sql语句
Spring:所有对象转为Bean,统一加载。依赖注入(DI)和控制反转(IOC),AOP面向切面编程。AOP 可以进行权限校验 ,日志记录 ,性能监控 ,事务控制 .
MyBatis(整合Spring)
5.3.3.1. SqlMapConfig.xml
配置文件是SqlMapConfig.xml,如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 设置别名 -->
<typeAliases>
<!-- 2. 指定扫描包,会把包内所有的类都设置别名,别名的名称就是类名,大小写不敏感 -->
<package name="cn.itcast.mybatis.pojo" />
</typeAliases>
</configuration>
5.3.3.2. applicationContext.xml
SqlSessionFactoryBean属于mybatis-spring这个jar包
对于spring来说,mybatis是另外一个架构,需要整合jar包。
applicationContext.xml,配置内容如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 加载配置文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />
<!-- 数据库连接池 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<property name="maxActive" value="10" />
<property name="maxIdle" value="5" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置SqlSessionFactory -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 配置mybatis核心配置文件 -->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:SqlMapConfig.xml" />
<!-- 配置数据源 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
</beans>
5.3.3.3. db.properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?characterEncoding=utf-8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root
5.3.3.4. log4j.properties
# Global logging configuration
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, stdout
# Console output...
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] - %m%n
5.4.3. Mapper代理形式开发dao
5.4.3.1. 实现Mapper.xml
编写UserMapper.xml配置文件,如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="cn.itcast.mybatis.mapper.UserMapper">
<!-- 根据用户id查询 -->
<select id="queryUserById" parameterType="int" resultType="user">
select * from user where id = #{id}
</select>
<!-- 根据用户名模糊查询用户 -->
<select id="queryUserByUsername" parameterType="string"
resultType="user">
select * from user where username like '%${value}%'
</select>
<!-- 添加用户 -->
<insert id="saveUser" parameterType="user">
<selectKey keyProperty="id" keyColumn="id" order="AFTER"
resultType="int">
select last_insert_id()
</selectKey>
insert into user
(username,birthday,sex,address) values
(#{username},#{birthday},#{sex},#{address})
</insert>
</mapper>
5.4.3.2. 实现UserMapper接口
public interface UserMapper {
/**
* 根据用户id查询
*
* @param id
* @return
*/
User queryUserById(int id);
/**
* 根据用户名模糊查询用户
*
* @param username
* @return
*/
List<User> queryUserByUsername(String username);
/**
* 添加用户
*
* @param user
*/
void saveUser(User user);
}
创建POJO对象
public class User {
private int id;
private String username;// 用户姓名
private String sex;// 性别
private Date birthday;// 生日
private String address;// 地址
get/set。。。
}
5.4.3.3. 方式一:配置mapper代理
在applicationContext.xml添加配置
MapperFactoryBean也是属于mybatis-spring整合包
<!-- Mapper代理的方式开发方式一,配置Mapper代理对象 -->
<bean id="userMapper" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperFactoryBean">
<!-- 配置Mapper接口 -->
<property name="mapperInterface" value="cn.itcast.mybatis.mapper.UserMapper" />
<!-- 配置sqlSessionFactory -->
<property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactory" />
</bean>
5.4.3.5. 方式二:扫描包形式配置mapper(常用)
<!-- Mapper代理的方式开发方式二,扫描包方式配置代理 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<!-- 配置Mapper接口 -->
<property name="basePackage" value="cn.itcast.mybatis.mapper" />
</bean>
4.3.2. Mapper.xml解析
4.2.1. 方法一:使用resultType
在UserMapper.xml添加sql,如下
<!-- 查询订单,同时包含用户数据 -->
<select id="queryOrderUser" resultType="orderUser">
SELECT
o.id,
o.user_id
userId,
o.number,
o.createtime,
o.note,
u.username,
u.address
FROM
`order` o
LEFT JOIN `user` u ON o.user_id = u.id
</select>
bb.png
4.2.2. 方法二:使用resultMap
①一对多查询
<resultMap type="user" id="userOrderResultMap">
<id property="id" column="id" />
<result property="username" column="username" />
<result property="birthday" column="birthday" />
<result property="sex" column="sex" />
<result property="address" column="address" />
<!-- 配置一对多的关系 -->
<collection property="orders" javaType="list" ofType="order">
<!-- 配置主键,是关联Order的唯一标识 -->
<id property="id" column="oid" />
<result property="number" column="number" />
<result property="createtime" column="createtime" />
<result property="note" column="note" />
</collection>
</resultMap>
<!-- 一对多关联,查询订单同时查询该用户下的订单 -->
<select id="queryUserOrder" resultMap="userOrderResultMap">
SELECT
u.id,
u.username,
u.birthday,
u.sex,
u.address,
o.id oid,
o.number,
o.createtime,
o.note
FROM
`user` u
LEFT JOIN `order` o ON u.id = o.user_id
</select>
对应POJO
a.png
②一对一查询
<resultMap type="order" id="orderUserResultMap">
<id property="id" column="id" />
<result property="userId" column="user_id" />
<result property="number" column="number" />
<result property="createtime" column="createtime" />
<result property="note" column="note" />
<!-- association :配置一对一属性 -->
<!-- property:order里面的User属性名 -->
<!-- javaType:属性类型 -->
<association property="user" javaType="user">
<!-- id:声明主键,表示user_id是关联查询对象的唯一标识-->
<id property="id" column="user_id" />
<result property="username" column="username" />
<result property="address" column="address" />
</association>
</resultMap>
<!-- 一对一关联,查询订单,订单内部包含用户属性 -->
<select id="queryOrderUserResultMap" resultMap="orderUserResultMap">
SELECT
o.id,
o.user_id,
o.number,
o.createtime,
o.note,
u.username,
u.address
FROM
`order` o
LEFT JOIN `user` u ON o.user_id = u.id
</select>
对应POJO
aaa.png
4.2.3. 动态sql-标签使用
3.1. If标签
<!-- 根据条件查询用户 -->
<select id="queryUserByWhere" parameterType="user" resultType="user">
SELECT id, username, birthday, sex, address FROM `user`
WHERE 1=1
<if test="sex != null and sex != ''">
AND sex = #{sex}
</if>
<if test="username != null and username != ''">
AND username LIKE
'%${username}%'
</if>
</select>
3.2. Where标签
<!-- 根据条件查询用户 -->
<select id="queryUserByWhere" parameterType="user" resultType="user">
SELECT id, username, birthday, sex, address FROM `user`
<!-- where标签可以自动添加where,同时处理sql语句中第一个and关键字 -->
<where>
<if test="sex != null">
AND sex = #{sex}
</if>
<if test="username != null and username != ''">
AND username LIKE
'%${username}%'
</if>
</where>
</select>
3.3. Sql片段
<!-- 根据条件查询用户 -->
<select id="queryUserByWhere" parameterType="user" resultType="user">
<!-- SELECT id, username, birthday, sex, address FROM `user` -->
<!-- 使用include标签加载sql片段;refid是sql片段id -->
SELECT <include refid="userFields" /> FROM `user`
<!-- where标签可以自动添加where关键字,同时处理sql语句中第一个and关键字 -->
<where>
<if test="sex != null">
AND sex = #{sex}
</if>
<if test="username != null and username != ''">
AND username LIKE
'%${username}%'
</if>
</where>
</select>
<!-- 声明sql片段 -->
<sql id="userFields">
id, username, birthday, sex, address
</sql>
3.4. foreach标签
<!-- 根据ids查询用户 -->
<select id="queryUserByIds" parameterType="queryVo" resultType="user">
SELECT * FROM `user`
<where>
<!-- foreach标签,进行遍历 -->
<!-- collection:遍历的集合,这里是QueryVo的ids属性 -->
<!-- item:遍历的项目,可以随便写,,但是和后面的#{}里面要一致 -->
<!-- open:在前面添加的sql片段 -->
<!-- close:在结尾处添加的sql片段 -->
<!-- separator:指定遍历的元素之间使用的分隔符 -->
<foreach collection="ids" item="item" open="id IN (" close=")"
separator=",">
#{item}
</foreach>
</where>
</select>
逆向工程
mybatis-generator-core-1.3.2配置文件参数
在generatorConfig.xml中配置Mapper生成的详细信息:
注意修改以下几点:
- 修改要生成的数据库表
- pojo文件所在包路径
- Mapper所在的包路径
配置文件如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE generatorConfiguration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD MyBatis Generator Configuration 1.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-generator-config_1_0.dtd">
<generatorConfiguration>
<context id="testTables" targetRuntime="MyBatis3">
<commentGenerator>
<!-- 是否去除自动生成的注释 true:是 : false:否 -->
<property name="suppressAllComments" value="true" />
</commentGenerator>
<!--数据库连接的信息:驱动类、连接地址、用户名、密码 -->
<jdbcConnection driverClass="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
connectionURL="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis" userId="root" password="root">
</jdbcConnection>
<!-- <jdbcConnection driverClass="oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver" connectionURL="jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:yycg"
userId="yycg" password="yycg"> </jdbcConnection> -->
<!-- 默认false,把JDBC DECIMAL 和 NUMERIC 类型解析为 Integer,为 true时把JDBC DECIMAL
和 NUMERIC 类型解析为java.math.BigDecimal -->
<javaTypeResolver>
<property name="forceBigDecimals" value="false" />
</javaTypeResolver>
<!-- targetProject:生成PO类的位置 -->
<javaModelGenerator targetPackage="cn.itcast.ssm.po"
targetProject=".\src">
<!-- enableSubPackages:是否让schema作为包的后缀 -->
<property name="enableSubPackages" value="false" />
<!-- 从数据库返回的值被清理前后的空格 -->
<property name="trimStrings" value="true" />
</javaModelGenerator>
<!-- targetProject:mapper映射文件生成的位置 -->
<sqlMapGenerator targetPackage="cn.itcast.ssm.mapper"
targetProject=".\src">
<!-- enableSubPackages:是否让schema作为包的后缀 -->
<property name="enableSubPackages" value="false" />
</sqlMapGenerator>
<!-- targetPackage:mapper接口生成的位置 -->
<javaClientGenerator type="XMLMAPPER"
targetPackage="cn.itcast.ssm.mapper" targetProject=".\src">
<!-- enableSubPackages:是否让schema作为包的后缀 -->
<property name="enableSubPackages" value="false" />
</javaClientGenerator>
<!-- 指定数据库表 -->
<table schema="" tableName="user"></table>
<table schema="" tableName="order"></table>
</context>
</generatorConfiguration>
生成代码组成
aa.png
Example :条件对象,可根据需求自行编辑
insertByExample:表示根据条件插入
insertSelective:表示选择性插入
deleteByPrimaryKey(Integer id):根据主键删除
updateByExampleSelective(@Param("record")) Orders record):可输入多参数
方法调用
public class UserMapperTest {
private ApplicationContext context;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
this.context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:applicationContext.xml");
}
@Test
public void testInsert() {
// 获取Mapper
UserMapper userMapper = this.context.getBean(UserMapper.class);
User user = new User();
user.setUsername("曹操");
user.setSex("1");
user.setBirthday(new Date());
user.setAddress("三国");
userMapper.insert(user);
}
@Test
public void testSelectByExample() {
// 获取Mapper
UserMapper userMapper = this.context.getBean(UserMapper.class);
// 创建User对象扩展类,用户设置查询条件
UserExample example = new UserExample();
example.createCriteria().andUsernameLike("%张%");
// 查询数据
List<User> list = userMapper.selectByExample(example);
System.out.println(list.size());
}
@Test
public void testSelectByPrimaryKey() {
// 获取Mapper
UserMapper userMapper = this.context.getBean(UserMapper.class);
User user = userMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(1);
System.out.println(user);
}
}
注意:
- 逆向工程生成的代码只能做单表查询
- 不能在生成的代码上进行扩展,因为如果数据库变更,需要重新使用逆向工程生成代码,原来编写的代码就被覆盖了。
- 一张表会生成4个文件
e.g. 本文仅供个人笔记使用,借鉴部分网上资料。