自定义view - 玩转字体变色

2019-02-12  本文已影响0人  世道无情

1. 思路分析


自定义View步骤:
1>:values__attrs.xml,定义自定义属性;
2>:在第三个构造方法中获取自定义属性;
3>:onMeasure【不是必须的】;
4>:onDraw:绘制代码全都在onDraw中写的;

技术分析:
不能继承TextView,因为系统的TextView只能有一种颜色,需要ColorTraceTextView,继承TextView,而不是继承View,原因是:
1>:继承TextView不用自己手动实现onMeasure、onDraw,系统已经实现了;
2>:textColor、textSize方法TextView已经实现了,不用自己实现;

思路分析:
一个文字两种颜色,用两个画笔来画:
1>:左边用红色画笔,右边用黑色画笔;
2>:能从左到右【左黑右红】,也能从右到左【左红右黑】;
3>:最后整合到ViewPager中;

2. 效果如下


图片.png

从左边向右边滑动:黑变红;
从右边向左边滑动:红变黑;

3. 代码如下


1>:attrs
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>

    <!-- 玩转字体变色 -->
    <declare-styleable name="ColorTrackTextView">
        <!-- 不变的颜色 -->
        <attr name="originColor" format="color"/>
        <!-- 变化的颜色-->
        <attr name="changeColor" format="color"/>
    </declare-styleable>

</resources>
2>:ColorTrackTextView
/**
 * ================================================
 * Email: 2185134304@qq.com
 * Created by Novate 2018/12/29 10:31
 * Version 1.0
 * Params:
 * Description:    玩转字体变色
 * ================================================
*/

public class ColorTrackTextView extends TextView {

    // 绘制不变色的画笔
    private Paint mOriginPaint ;
    // 绘制变色的画笔
    private Paint mChangePaint ;
    // 当前进度 文字左边一半是黑色,右边一半是红色
    private float mCurrentProgress = 0.0f;
    // 不同的朝向
    private Direction mDirection = LEFT_TO_RIGHT;
    public enum Direction{
        LEFT_TO_RIGHT , RIGHT_TO_LEFT
    }

    public ColorTrackTextView(Context context) {
        this(context,null);
    }

    public ColorTrackTextView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs) {
        this(context, attrs,0);
    }

    public ColorTrackTextView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);

        initPaint(context,attrs) ;
    }


    /**
     * 初始化画笔
     */
    private void initPaint(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        TypedArray typedArray = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.ColorTrackTextView);
        // 此处颜色传递默认值,防止你在布局文件中没有指定颜色
        int originColor = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable.ColorTrackTextView_originColor,getTextColors().getDefaultColor());
        int changeColor = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable.ColorTrackTextView_changeColor,getTextColors().getDefaultColor());

        // 不变色的画笔
        mOriginPaint = getPaintByColor(originColor);
        // 变色的画笔
        mChangePaint = getPaintByColor(changeColor);
    }


    /**
     * 根据颜色获取画笔
     */
    private Paint getPaintByColor(int color) {
        Paint paint = new Paint() ;
        // 给画笔设置颜色
        paint.setColor(color);
        // 设置抗锯齿
        paint.setAntiAlias(true);
        // 仿抖动
        paint.setDither(true);
        // 设置文字大小
        paint.setTextSize(getTextSize());
        return paint;
    }


    /**
     * 一个文字两种颜色
     *      利用 clipRect 的API,裁剪,左边用一个画笔去画,右边用另一个画笔去画,不断地改变中间值
     */
    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        // 这里必须注释,这个是TextView自身的绘制,因为需要自己去画文字,所以需要注释
        // super.onDraw(canvas);

        // 获取中间位置
        int middle = (int) (mCurrentProgress*getWidth());

        if (mDirection == Direction.LEFT_TO_RIGHT){
            // 左-右:左边是红色 右边是黑色
            // 绘制变色文字 0-middle
            drawText(canvas,mChangePaint,0,middle);
            // 绘制不变色 middle-getWidth
            drawText(canvas,mOriginPaint,middle,getWidth());
        }else{
            // 右-左:
            drawText(canvas , mChangePaint , getWidth()-middle , getWidth());
            drawText(canvas , mOriginPaint , 0 , getWidth()-middle);
        }
    }


    /**
     * 画文字
     */
    private void drawText(Canvas canvas, Paint paint, int start, int end) {
        // 保存画笔
        canvas.save();

        Rect rect = new Rect(start,0,end,getHeight()) ;
        // 裁剪区域
        canvas.clipRect(rect);

        // 画文字套路
        String text = getText().toString() ;
        Rect bounds = new Rect() ;
        paint.getTextBounds(text,0,text.length(),bounds);

        // 获取字体宽度
        int x = getWidth()/2 - bounds.width()/2;

        // 基线计算方式
        Paint.FontMetricsInt fontMetricsInt = paint.getFontMetricsInt();
        int dy = (fontMetricsInt.bottom-fontMetricsInt.top)/2-fontMetricsInt.bottom;
        int baseLine = getHeight()/2+dy;
        canvas.drawText(text,x,baseLine,paint);

        // 释放画布
        canvas.restore();
    }


    /**
     * 设置朝向
     */
    public void setDirection(Direction direction){
        this.mDirection = direction;
    }


    /**
     * 设置当前进度
     */
    public void setCurrentProgress(float currentProgress){
        this.mCurrentProgress = currentProgress;
        // 获取到当前进度后,进行重绘
        invalidate();
    }

    /**
     * 设置改变的颜色
     */
    public void setChangeColor(int color){
        this.mChangePaint.setColor(color);
    }

    /**
     * 设置不改变的颜色
     */
    public void setOriginColor(int color){
        this.mOriginPaint.setColor(color);
    }
}
3>:ViewPagerActivity
public class ViewPagerActivity extends AppCompatActivity {


    private String[] items = {"直播", "推荐", "视频", "图片", "段子", "精华"};
    private LinearLayout mIndicatorContainer;// 变成通用的
    private List<ColorTrackTextView> mIndicators;
    private ViewPager mViewPager;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_viewpager);

        mIndicators = new ArrayList<>() ;
        mIndicatorContainer = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.indicator_view);
        mViewPager = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.view_pager);

        //初始化指示器
        initIndicator() ;
        //初始化ViewPager
        initViewPager() ;
    }


    /**
     * 初始化ViewPager
     */
    private void initViewPager() {
        mViewPager.setAdapter(new FragmentPagerAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager()) {
            @Override
            public Fragment getItem(int position) {
                return ItemFragment.newInstance(items[position]);
            }

            @Override
            public int getCount() {
                return items.length;
            }

            @Override
            public void destroyItem(ViewGroup container, int position, Object object) {

            }
        });


        //ViewPager添加滑动监听器
        mViewPager.addOnPageChangeListener(new ViewPager.OnPageChangeListener() {
            @Override
            public void onPageScrolled(int position, float positionOffset, int positionOffsetPixels) {

                //position:代表当前页码位置
                //第0个item的position为0 ,第1个item的position为1,第2个item的position为2 等等

                //positionOffset:代表滚动的 0-1的百分比
                //0.0-0.009259259-0.031481482-0.05462963-0.08055556-等等 -0.0

                Log.e("TAG" , "position -> "+position+" positionOffset ->"+positionOffset) ;

                //1.左边 位置 position
                ColorTrackTextView left = mIndicators.get(position);
                left.setDirection(ColorTrackTextView.Direction.RIGHT_TO_LEFT);
                left.setCurrentProgress(1-positionOffset);


                try {
                    //2.右边   为防止最后一个精华item角标越界,所以添加try catch
                    ColorTrackTextView right = mIndicators.get(position + 1);
                    right.setDirection(ColorTrackTextView.Direction.LEFT_TO_RIGHT);
                    right.setCurrentProgress(positionOffset);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }

            @Override
            public void onPageSelected(int position) {

            }

            @Override
            public void onPageScrollStateChanged(int state) {

            }
        });
    }


    /**
     * 初始化可变色的指示器
     */
    private void initIndicator() {
        for (int i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {
            // 动态添加颜色跟踪的TextView
            LinearLayout.LayoutParams params = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
            params.weight = 1;
            ColorTrackTextView colorTrackTextView = new ColorTrackTextView(this);
            // 设置颜色
            colorTrackTextView.setTextSize(20);
            colorTrackTextView.setChangeColor(Color.RED);
            colorTrackTextView.setText(items[i]);
            colorTrackTextView.setLayoutParams(params);
            // 把新的加入LinearLayout容器
            mIndicatorContainer.addView(colorTrackTextView);
            // 加入集合
            mIndicators.add(colorTrackTextView);
        }
    }
}
4>:activity_viewpager
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:orientation="horizontal"
        android:paddingTop="10dp"
        android:paddingBottom="10dp"
        android:id="@+id/indicator_view"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

    <android.support.v4.view.ViewPager
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:id="@+id/view_pager"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        />
</LinearLayout>
5>:ItemFragment
public class ItemFragment extends Fragment {

    public static ItemFragment newInstance(String item) {
        ItemFragment itemFragment = new ItemFragment();
        Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
        bundle.putString("title", item);
        itemFragment.setArguments(bundle);
        return itemFragment;
    }

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_item, null);
        TextView tv = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.text);
        Bundle bundle = getArguments();
        tv.setText(bundle.getString("title"));
        return view;
    }
}
6>:fragment_item
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/text"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:text="你好Novate"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" />
</LinearLayout>
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