2021-02-18 晨读系列|自然科学|黑洞
" General relativity makes very specific predictions about what black holes are and how they should appear, as shown in this simulation. GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER/JEREMY SCHNITTMAN "。图片来自下面的文章。[1]
【1】下文中的黑洞模拟小视频做得很酷，特别直观、形象的演示了黑洞。本图片来自该视频的截屏。
2021-02-18 晨读系列|自然科学|黑洞
[1]. “After decades of effort, scientists are finally seeing black holes—or are they?”
@Victoria🌙
这是今早读到的，在《Sciences》1月刊上，关于黑洞的文章。
大伙对黑洞好奇的，可以读读。
对黑洞不好奇，正在准备英语考试的，也可以读读。可以当作GRE、TOFEL 等的练习英语阅读的文章来读。
什么是黑洞？
Consisting of pure gravitational energy, a black hole is a ball of contradictions. It contains no matter, but, like a bowling ball, possesses mass and can spin. It has no surface, but has a size. It behaves like an imposing, weighty object, but is really just a peculiar region of space.
Or so says general relativity, which Einstein published in 1915. Two centuries earlier, Isaac Newton had posited that gravity is a force that somehow reaches through space to attract massive objects to one another. Einstein went deeper and argued that gravity arises because massive things such as stars and planets warp space and time—more accurately, spacetime—causing the trajectories of freely falling objects to curve into, say, the parabolic arc of a thrown ball.
理论预期与实验测量完全相符吗？
+ 黑洞测量数据与广义相对论理论预期的比较；
+ 找寻可能的“deviation”；
+ 高风险、高回报（ “It’s a very high-risk, high-reward question.”）
Now, with multiple ways to peer at black holes, scientists can start to test their understanding and look for surprises that could revolutionize physics. “Even though it’s very unlikely, it would be so amazingly important if we found that there was any deviation” from the predictions of general relativity, Carroll says. “It’s a very high-risk, high-reward question.”
黑洞三问：
Scientists hope to answer three specific questions: Do the observed black holes really have event horizons? Are they as featureless as the no-hair theorem says? And do they distort spacetime exactly as the Kerr metric predicts?
如何探测黑洞？
【1】
相关阅读：
# 2020 诺贝尔物理奖：Black holes and the Milky Way’s darkest secret （黑洞与银河最黑暗的秘密）
# 2020-12-30 Physics at tiniest scale could explain ‘impossible’ black holes
# 霍金《时间简史》
+ 第六章《黑洞》
+ 第七章《黑洞不是这么黑的》
+ 第八章《宇宙的起源和命运》
# 三体系列
+ 《三体|太阳、地球、月亮》
- 2021-02-06 MOON TRACING：追寻你心底的白月光？
+ 《三体|太阳、地球、火星》
