Objective-C-通过Runtime进行模型转换

2017-09-24  本文已影响11人  SuperDawn_0828

一、写在前面

接上篇Objective-C之runtime学习笔记简单的介绍了Runtime使用,这里着重介绍下如如何使用Runtime进行字典到模型的转换。

二、通过分类获取类的属性及属性类型

上篇中举例了MusicAlbum类,通过Runtime获取类的属性和属性的类型,但是这种方法比较繁琐,换一个类就要重新写重复的代码。因此我们可以通过对NSObject 创建一个分类,获取类的属性及属性类型。

@interface NSObject (Property)
+ (NSArray *)objectPropertyAndType;
@end

@implementation NSObject (Property)
+ (NSArray *)objectPropertyAndType
{
    unsigned int count = 0;
    objc_property_t *propertys = class_copyPropertyList([self class], &count);
    NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:0];
    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        objc_property_t property = propertys[i];
        NSString *propertyName = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:property_getName(property)];
        NSString *propertyAttri = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:property_getAttributes(property)];
        [array addObject:@{@"propertyName": propertyName, @"propertyAttri": propertyAttri}];
    }
    return [array copy];
}
@end

通过MusicAlbum类调用这个分类方法:

NSArray *array = [MusicAlbum objectPropertyAndType];
NSLog(@"array %@", array);

三、对类的属性及类型进一步封装

上述分类方法是将类的属性及类型放到了字典中。属性的基本信息包括属性名及属性类型,可以创建一个类,用来承载类的属性信息。

@interface LMProperty : NSObject
@property (nonatomic, assign, readonly) objc_property_t property;
@property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) NSString *name;
@property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) LMPropertyType *type;

+ (instancetype)propertyKeyWithProperty:(objc_property_t)property;

@end

通过对property的处理得到属性名及属性类型编码。

- (void)variableNameAndType:(objc_property_t)property
{
    NSString *name = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:property_getName(property)];
    NSString *arrributes = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:property_getAttributes(property)];

    self.name = name;
    self.type = [LMPropertyType propertyTypeWithCode:arrributes];
}

LMPropertyType类是用来承载属性的类型信息。通过Runtime只能得到属性类型的编码,因此我们要对属性编码进一步处理。

@interface LMPropertyType : NSObject
//属性类型
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *type;
//属性类型编码
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *code;
//是否是基本数据类型
@property (nonatomic, readonly, getter=isNumberType) BOOL numberType;
//是否是BOOL类型
@property (nonatomic, readonly, getter=isBoolType) BOOL boolType;
//是否是id类型
@property (nonatomic, readonly, getter=isIdType) BOOL idType;
//是否来自Foundation框架
@property (nonatomic, readonly, getter=isFromFoundation) BOOL fromFoundation;
//属性类型的类,如果是基本数据类型,则为nil
@property (nonatomic, readonly) Class typeClass;

+ (instancetype)propertyTypeWithCode:(NSString *)code;

@end

通过LMPropertyType处理属性类型编码,获取属性类型是基本数据类型还是引用数据类型及具体的类型信息。

四、实现字典到模型的转换

NSObject+Property进行处理,添加两个类方法,实现字典到模型的转化及数组到模型数组的转换。

+ (instancetype)valueFromKeyValue:(id)keyValue;
+ (NSMutableArray *)valueArrayFromArray:(NSArray *)array;

先获取类的属性信息,再属性信息及字典中对应的值进行处理:

//获取类的属性信息
- (NSArray *)getObjectPropertyAndType
{
    unsigned int count = 0;
    objc_property_t *propertys = class_copyPropertyList([self class], &count);
    NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:count];
    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        objc_property_t property = propertys[i];
        LMProperty *propertyKey = [LMProperty propertyKeyWithProperty:property];
        [array addObject:propertyKey];
    }
    return array;
}

//对属性和字典的值作对比,通过KVC对类的属性赋值
- (void)setObjectPropertyList:(NSArray *)array keyValue:(id)keyValue
{
    [array enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^(LMProperty *property, NSUInteger idx, BOOL * _Nonnull stop) {
        NSString *name = property.name;
        LMPropertyType *type = property.type;
        id value = keyValue[name];
    
        if (!type.fromFoundation && type.typeClass) {
            if (value != nil) {
                value = [type.typeClass valueFromKeyValue:value];
            }
        } else if (type.typeClass && type.typeClass == [NSArray class]) {
            NSDictionary *arrayKeyValue = [self arrayValueForKeyValue];
            NSString *arrayElementClassString = arrayKeyValue[name];
            if (arrayElementClassString) {
                value = [NSClassFromString(arrayElementClassString) valueArrayFromArray:array];
            } else {
                value = value;
            }
        } else if (type.typeClass == [NSString class]) {
            if ([value isKindOfClass:[NSNumber class]]) {
                value = [value absoluteString];
            } else if ([value isKindOfClass:[NSURL class]]) {
                value = [value absoluteString];
            }
        } else if ([value isKindOfClass:[NSString class]]) {
            if (type.typeClass == [NSURL class]) {
                value = [NSURL URLWithString:value];
            } else if (type.isNumberType) {
                if (type.isBoolType) {
                    if ([value isEqualToString:@"yes"] || [value isEqualToString:@"true"]) {
                        value = @YES;
                    } else {
                        value = @NO;
                    }
                } else {
                    value = [[[NSNumberFormatter alloc] init] numberFromString:value];
                }
            }
        } else if (type.isNumberType) {
            if (![value isKindOfClass:[NSNumber class]]) {
                value = @0;
            }
        }
    
        [self setValue:value forKey:name];
    }];
}

上述代码详细列举了字典中的值到对象属性之间的转换,主要参考了小码哥的MJExtension,如有谬误请指正。
Demo

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