iOS开发丨蓝牙4.0复制粘贴就能使用的CoreBluetoot
2019-12-30 本文已影响0人
炼心术师
作为多年的iOS蓝牙开发者，下面共享一下我自己搭建和使用的蓝牙框架。首先创建一个类BluetoothManager，用来管理CBCentralManager和CBPeripheral，以及一些扫描连接的公共方法，其中数据和状态回调使用通知的形式进行处理，这样在整个项目中，只需要保存一份BluetoothManager就可以了，而不是在每个需要蓝牙的页面都生成CBCentralManager。
BluetoothManager.h文件实现：
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import <CoreBluetooth/CoreBluetooth.h>
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// 通知回调，需要接受消息的类必须注册对应的通知
static NSString * const BLENotificationBLECenterChangeState = @"BLENotificationBLECenterChangeState"; // 蓝牙状态改变
static NSString * const BLENotificationPeripheralDidConnected = @"BLENotificationPeripheralDidConnected"; // 设备连接成功
static NSString * const BLENotificationPeripheralConnectFailed = @"BLENotificationPeripheralConnectFailed"; // 设备连接失败
static NSString * const BLENotificationPeripheralDisconnected = @"BLENotificationPeripheralDisconnected"; // 设备断开连接
static NSString * const BLENotificationPeripheralDidSendValue = @"BLENotificationPeripheralDidSendValue"; // 写入设备数据
static NSString * const BLENotificationPeripheralReceiveValue = @"BLENotificationPeripheralReceiveValue"; // 收到设备数据
static NSString * const BLENotificationPeripheralSessionError = @"BLENotificationPeripheralSessionError"; // 设备会话异常
static NSString * const BLENotificationPeripheralReadRSSIValue = @"BLENotificationPeripheralReadRSSIValue"; // 设备信号强度
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
static NSString * const BLEUUIDServicesSession = @"1234"; // 通信Services
static NSString * const BLEUUIDCharacteristicRead = @"CF16"; // 读特征值
static NSString * const BLEUUIDCharacteristicWrite = @"00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000123456"; // 写特征值
static NSString * const BLEUUIDCharacteristicNotify = @"00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000563412"; // 通知特征值
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
typedef void (^ScanBlock)(CBPeripheral *peripheral, NSDictionary *advertisementData, NSNumber *RSSI);
typedef void (^WriteBlock)(BOOL success);
typedef void (^TimeoutBlock)(void);
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
@interface BluetoothManager : NSObject
@property (strong, nonatomic) CBCentralManager *central;
@property (strong, nonatomic) CBPeripheral *peripheral; // 当前已连接上的设备
@property (strong, nonatomic) CBPeripheral *willConnectPeripheral; // 将要连接的设备，作为临时赋值保存，否则会出现无法连接的情况
+ (BluetoothManager *)sharedModel;
/// names传入@[@""]则不过滤设备名，scanSystem是否扫描系统当前已绑定设备
- (void)scanWithPrefixNames:(NSArray *)names timeout:(NSTimeInterval)timeout scanBlock:(ScanBlock)scanBlock timeoutBlock:(TimeoutBlock)timeoutBlock;
- (void)stopScan;
- (void)connect:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral timeout:(NSTimeInterval)timeout;
- (void)disconnect:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral;
- (BOOL)getWriteState;
- (void)readValueFromePeripheral;
- (void)writeValueToPeripheral:(NSData *)value block:(WriteBlock)block;
@end
其中BLEUUIDServicesSession、BLEUUIDCharacteristicRead、BLEUUIDCharacteristicWrite、BLEUUIDCharacteristicNotify是需要你根据实际项目的需要进行替换的蓝牙UUID。
BluetoothManager.m文件实现方法：
#import "BluetoothManager.h"
@interface BluetoothManager () <CBCentralManagerDelegate, CBPeripheralDelegate>
@property (copy, nonatomic) ScanBlock scanBlock;
@property (copy, nonatomic) WriteBlock writeBlock;
@property (copy, nonatomic) TimeoutBlock timeoutBlock;
@property (copy, nonatomic) NSArray *scanNames;
@property (strong, nonatomic) NSTimer *threadTimer; // 获取系统当前蓝牙设备列表线程
@property (strong, nonatomic) CBCharacteristic *characteristicRead;
@property (strong, nonatomic) CBCharacteristic *characteristicWrite;
@property (strong, nonatomic) CBCharacteristic *characteristicNotify;
@property (assign, nonatomic) BOOL isSendingData; // 是否正在发送数据
@end
@implementation BluetoothManager
+ (BluetoothManager *)sharedModel {
static BluetoothManager *sharedInstance;
@synchronized(self) {
if (!sharedInstance) {
sharedInstance = [[BluetoothManager alloc] init];
}
}
return sharedInstance;
}
- (id)init {
if (self = [super init]) {
self.central = [[CBCentralManager alloc] initWithDelegate:self
queue:dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0)
options:@{CBCentralManagerOptionShowPowerAlertKey : @(NO)}];
}
return self;
}
- (void)dealloc {
[NSObject cancelPreviousPerformRequestsWithTarget:self];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] removeObserver:self];
}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#pragma mark 蓝牙扫描和连接
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
- (void)scanWithPrefixNames:(NSArray *)names timeout:(NSTimeInterval)timeout scanBlock:(ScanBlock)scanBlock timeoutBlock:(TimeoutBlock)timeoutBlock {
if (names) self.scanNames = names;
if (scanBlock) self.scanBlock = scanBlock;
if (timeoutBlock) self.timeoutBlock = timeoutBlock;
[self stopScan];
self.central.delegate = self;
if (self.central.state == CBCentralManagerStatePoweredOn) {
DLog(@"BluetoothManager: 开始扫描外部设备!");
[self.central scanForPeripheralsWithServices:nil
options:@{CBCentralManagerScanOptionAllowDuplicatesKey : @(NO)}]; // 是否允许重复扫描同一设备
if (timeout > 0) {
[self performSelector:@selector(timeoutScan) withObject:nil afterDelay:timeout];
}
}
}
- (void)stopScan {
[self.threadTimer invalidate];
[self.central stopScan];
DLog(@"BluetoothManager: 停止扫描!");
}
- (void)timeoutScan {
[self stopScan];
if (self.timeoutBlock) {
dispatch_async( dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
self.timeoutBlock();
});
}
}
- (void)connect:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral timeout:(NSTimeInterval)timeout {
if (self.peripheral != nil) {
[self disconnect:self.peripheral]; // 断开当前设备
}
if (peripheral.state != CBPeripheralStateConnected) { // 连接新设备
[self.central connectPeripheral:peripheral options:@{CBConnectPeripheralOptionNotifyOnConnectionKey : @(YES),
CBConnectPeripheralOptionNotifyOnDisconnectionKey : @(YES)}];
if (timeout > 0) { // 超时检测
[self performSelector:@selector(timeoutConnectPeripheral) withObject:nil afterDelay:timeout];
}
}
}
- (void)disconnect:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral {
if (peripheral.state == CBPeripheralStateConnected) {
[self.central cancelPeripheralConnection:peripheral];
}
}
- (void)timeoutConnectPeripheral {
if (self.peripheral.state != CBPeripheralStateConnected && self.peripheral.state != CBPeripheralStateConnecting) {
DLog(@"BluetoothManager: 连接超时 = %@", self.peripheral.name);
dispatch_async( dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
[NSObject cancelPreviousPerformRequestsWithTarget:self];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:BLENotificationPeripheralConnectFailed
object:self.peripheral];
});
[self initAllVariables];
}
}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#pragma mark CBCentralManagerDelegate
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
- (void)centralManagerDidUpdateState:(CBCentralManager *)central {
switch (central.state) {
case CBCentralManagerStatePoweredOn: {
DLog(@"BluetoothManager: 手机蓝牙打开！");
}
break;
case CBCentralManagerStatePoweredOff: {
DLog(@"BluetoothManager: 手机蓝牙关闭！");
[self stopScan];
}
break;
default:
break;
}
dispatch_async( dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:BLENotificationBLECenterChangeState
object:central];
});
}
- (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central
didDiscoverPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral
advertisementData:(NSDictionary *)advertisementData
RSSI:(NSNumber *)RSSI
{
if ((-1000 <= RSSI.intValue && RSSI.intValue <= 0)
&& [advertisementData objectForKey:@"kCBAdvDataLocalName"] != nil
// && [advertisementData objectForKey:@"kCBAdvDataServiceUUIDs"] != nil
&& peripheral.name != nil)
{
NSString *deviceName = advertisementData[@"kCBAdvDataLocalName"] ? advertisementData[@"kCBAdvDataLocalName"] : peripheral.name;
DLog(@"BluetoothManager: RSSI = %d, name = %@, advertisementData = %@", [RSSI intValue], deviceName, advertisementData);
for (NSString *scanName in self.scanNames) {
if ([scanName isEqualToString:@""] // 搜索所有名字
|| [deviceName hasPrefix:scanName] // 搜索开头包含scanName的名字
|| [deviceName rangeOfString:scanName].location != NSNotFound // 搜索字符串包含scanName的名字
)
{
if (self.scanBlock) {
dispatch_async( dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
self.scanBlock(peripheral, advertisementData, RSSI);
});
}
}
}
}
}
- (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral {
DLog(@"BluetoothManager: 已连接设备 = %@", peripheral.name);
[self initAllVariables];
self.peripheral = peripheral;
self.peripheral.delegate = self;
[self.peripheral discoverServices:nil];
[self performSelector:@selector(timeoutDiscoverCharacteristics) withObject:nil afterDelay:5.0];
}
- (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didFailToConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral error:(NSError *)error {
DLog(@"BluetoothManager: 连接失败 = %@", peripheral.name);
[self initAllVariables];
dispatch_async( dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
[NSObject cancelPreviousPerformRequestsWithTarget:self];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:BLENotificationPeripheralConnectFailed
object:peripheral];
});
}
- (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didDisconnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral error:(NSError *)error {
DLog(@"BluetoothManager: 断开设备 = %@", peripheral.name);
[self initAllVariables];
dispatch_async( dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
[NSObject cancelPreviousPerformRequestsWithTarget:self];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:BLENotificationPeripheralDisconnected
object:peripheral];
});
}
- (void)timeoutDiscoverCharacteristics {
if (self.characteristicRead == nil
|| self.characteristicWrite == nil
|| self.characteristicNotify == nil) {
DLog(@"BluetoothManager: 查找设备特征值异常！");
dispatch_async( dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:BLENotificationPeripheralSessionError
object:nil];
});
}
}
- (void)initAllVariables {
self.isSendingData = NO;
self.characteristicRead = nil;
self.characteristicWrite = nil;
self.characteristicNotify = nil;
self.peripheral = nil;
self.peripheral.delegate = nil;
}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#pragma mark CBPeripheralDelegate
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
- (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverServices:(NSError *)error {
if ([error code] != 0) {
DLog(@"BluetoothManager: 蓝牙服务扫描异常 error = %@", error);
return;
}
DLog(@"BluetoothManager: 蓝牙服务扫描 = %@", peripheral.services);
for (CBService *services in peripheral.services) {
if ([[services UUID] isEqual:[CBUUID UUIDWithString:BLEUUIDServicesSession]]) {
[peripheral discoverCharacteristics:nil forService:services];
}
}
}
- (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverCharacteristicsForService:(CBService *)service error:(NSError *)error {
if ([error code] != 0) {
DLog(@"BluetoothManager: 蓝牙特征值扫描 error = %@", error);
return;
}
DLog(@"BluetoothManager: 蓝牙特征值扫描 %@ = %@", [service UUID], [service characteristics]);
for (CBCharacteristic *characteristic in [service characteristics]) {
// Read
if ([[characteristic UUID] isEqual:[CBUUID UUIDWithString:BLEUUIDCharacteristicRead]]) {
DLog(@"BluetoothManager: 发现 Read 特征值！");
self.characteristicRead = characteristic;
[peripheral readValueForCharacteristic:characteristic];
}
// Write
if ([[characteristic UUID] isEqual:[CBUUID UUIDWithString:BLEUUIDCharacteristicWrite]]) {
DLog(@"BluetoothManager: 发现 Write 特征值！");
self.characteristicWrite = characteristic;
}
// Notify
if ([[characteristic UUID] isEqual:[CBUUID UUIDWithString:BLEUUIDCharacteristicNotify]]) {
DLog(@"BluetoothManager: 发现 Notify 特征值！");
self.characteristicNotify = characteristic;
[peripheral setNotifyValue:YES forCharacteristic:characteristic];
}
}
// 发现全部特征值后，才表示完全连上设备
if (self.characteristicRead != nil && self.characteristicWrite != nil && self.characteristicNotify != nil) {
dispatch_async( dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:BLENotificationPeripheralDidConnected
object:peripheral];
});
}
}
- (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didUpdateValueForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(NSError *)error {
if ([error code] != 0) {
DLog(@"BluetoothManager: 数据更新 error = %@", error);
dispatch_async( dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:BLENotificationPeripheralSessionError
object:error];
});
return;
}
if ([[characteristic UUID] isEqual:[CBUUID UUIDWithString:BLEUUIDCharacteristicRead]]
|| [[characteristic UUID] isEqual:[CBUUID UUIDWithString:BLEUUIDCharacteristicNotify]])
{
dispatch_async( dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:BLENotificationPeripheralReceiveValue
object:characteristic.value];
});
}
}
- (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didWriteValueForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(NSError *)error {
if ([error code] != 0) {
DLog(@"BluetoothManager: 写值更新 error = %@", error);
dispatch_async( dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
if (self.writeBlock) {
self.writeBlock(NO);
}
self.isSendingData = NO;
[NSObject cancelPreviousPerformRequestsWithTarget:self];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:BLENotificationPeripheralSessionError
object:error];
});
return;
}
if ([[characteristic UUID] isEqual:[CBUUID UUIDWithString:BLEUUIDCharacteristicWrite]]) {
dispatch_async( dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
if (self.writeBlock) {
self.writeBlock(YES);
}
self.isSendingData = NO;
[NSObject cancelPreviousPerformRequestsWithTarget:self];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:BLENotificationPeripheralDidSendValue
object:characteristic.value];
});
}
}
- (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didReadRSSI:(NSNumber *)RSSI error:(nullable NSError *)error {
dispatch_async( dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:BLENotificationPeripheralReadRSSIValue
object:RSSI];
});
}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#pragma mark APP To Peripheral
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
- (BOOL)getWriteState {
if (self.peripheral.state == CBPeripheralStateConnected && self.characteristicWrite != nil) {
return YES;
}
return NO;
}
- (void)readValueFromePeripheral {
if (self.characteristicRead != nil) {
[self.peripheral readValueForCharacteristic:self.characteristicRead];
}
}
- (void)writeValueToPeripheral:(NSData *)value block:(WriteBlock)block {
if (self.peripheral.state != CBPeripheralStateConnected) {
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:BLENotificationPeripheralDisconnected
object:nil];
return;
}
if (self.isSendingData) {
DLog(@"BluetoothSession: ###### 正在发送数据! ######");
return;
}
if (self.characteristicWrite != nil) {
if (block) self.writeBlock = block;
self.isSendingData = YES;
[NSObject cancelPreviousPerformRequestsWithTarget:self selector:@selector(checkSessionTimeout) object:nil];
[self.peripheral writeValue:value forCharacteristic:self.characteristicWrite type:CBCharacteristicWriteWithResponse];
[self performSelector:@selector(checkSessionTimeout) withObject:nil afterDelay:5.0];
DLog(@"BluetoothManager: 写入数据 = %@", value);
}
}
- (void)checkSessionTimeout {
if (self.isSendingData == YES) {
DLog(@"BluetoothSession: ###### 蓝牙通信超时! ######");
if (self.writeBlock) {
self.writeBlock(NO);
}
self.isSendingData = NO;
}
}
@end
使用方法：
1、在AppDelegate的didFinishLaunchingWithOptions中调用[BluetoothManager sharedModel]进行初始化，如果蓝牙未授权，则此时系统会自动调用授权弹窗。
2、在viewDidLoad中添加蓝牙事件通知监听，在viewDidDisappear中移除通知监听。
- (void)addBluetoothNotification {
// 蓝牙连接事件
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
selector:@selector(BLENotificationBLECenterChangeState:)
name:BLENotificationBLECenterChangeState
object:nil];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
selector:@selector(BLENotificationPeripheralDidConnected:)
name:BLENotificationPeripheralDidConnected
object:nil];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
selector:@selector(BLENotificationPeripheralDisconnected:)
name:BLENotificationPeripheralDisconnected
object:nil];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
selector:@selector(BLENotificationPeripheralConnectFailed:)
name:BLENotificationPeripheralConnectFailed
object:nil];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
selector:@selector(BLENotificationPeripheralSessionError:)
name:BLENotificationPeripheralSessionError
object:nil];
}
- (void)removeBluetoothNotification {
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] removeObserver:self name:BLENotificationBLECenterChangeState object:nil];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] removeObserver:self name:BLENotificationPeripheralDidConnected object:nil];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] removeObserver:self name:BLENotificationPeripheralDisconnected object:nil];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] removeObserver:self name:BLENotificationPeripheralSessionError object:nil];
}
3、实现通知监听的回调方法，来处理蓝牙设备的不同情况。
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#pragma mark BluetoothNotification
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
- (void)BLENotificationBLECenterChangeState:(NSNotification *)notif {
CBCentralManager *central = notif.object;
if (central.state == CBCentralManagerStatePoweredOn) {
// 蓝牙打开
}
else {
// 蓝牙关闭
}
}
- (void)BLENotificationPeripheralDidConnected:(NSNotification *)notif {
// 设备连接成功
}
- (void)BLENotificationPeripheralDisconnected:(NSNotification *)notif {
// 设备断开连接
}
- (void)BLENotificationPeripheralConnectFailed:(NSNotification *)notif {
// 设备连接失败
}
- (void)BLENotificationPeripheralSessionError:(NSNotification *)notif {
// 蓝牙异常状态处理
}
4、调用scanWithPrefixNames进行扫描设备，如传入@[@"FOT"]表示只搜索设备名为FOT开头的蓝牙设备，如果不希望过滤设备名，可传入@[@""]；timeout可以指定扫描时间，一般为10秒，10秒过后自动停止扫描，也可以传0，这时候会在后台一直扫描，除非调用stopScan方法停止扫描。scanBlock为符合条件的设备回调，你可以在这里对设备进行判断和连接操作。timeoutBlock为超时后的回调，如果不使用可传nil。
// 扫描设备名为ABC123的蓝牙设备，如果扫描到则进行连接
[[BluetoothManager sharedModel] scanWithPrefixNames:@[@"ABC123"] timeout:0.0 scanBlock:^(CBPeripheral *peripheral, NSDictionary *advertisementData, NSNumber *RSSI) {
[BluetoothManager sharedModel].willConnectPeripheral = peripheral; // 必须保存此变量，才可正常连接
[[BluetoothManager sharedModel] connect:[BluetoothManager sharedModel].willConnectPeripheral timeout:10.0]; //连接指定设备
[[BluetoothManager sharedModel] stopScan]; // 停止扫描
} timeoutBlock:nil];
5、使用writeValueToPeripheral来将值写入设备中。
[[BluetoothManager sharedModel] writeValueToPeripheral:data block:^(BOOL success) {
if (success) {
// 数据写入成功
}
else {
// 数据写入失败
}
}];
