基于大脑机制的亲子教养（翻译二十 三）

Building a Healthy Parenting Brain: Bottom Up and Top Down

培养一个健康的育儿大脑:自下而上和自上而下

The terms bottom up and top down refer to lower and higher brain circuits, or what brain scientists call the ventral (lower) and dorsal (higher) “streams” for processing information.

自下而上和自上而下的术语指的是更低和更高的大脑回路，或者是大脑科学家所说的腹侧(下)和背侧(高)“流”来处理信息。

(It helps to remember the difference between dorsal and ventral if you picture the dorsal fin of a shark sitting on the top of that big body.)

如果你想象一个鲨鱼的背鳍坐在鲨鱼的身体的顶部，会帮助你记住背部和腹部之间的区别。

The bottom-up stream in our brains is the one that is tightly connected to our visceral organs—our hearts, lungs, adrenal glands, and digestive tract—making this brain circuit the one that generates affect, meaning all kinds of feelings and sensations.

我们大脑中的自下而上的流与我们的内脏器官紧密相连——我们的心脏、肺、肾上腺和消化道，对大脑回路产生影响，这意味着各种情感和思想。

注：stream难翻译

Affects include all of our emotions, sensations, and visceral reactions to things we like and want to approach and things we dislike or fear and want to avoid.

这些影响包括我们所有的情绪、思想和对喜欢事物的本能反应，以及对喜欢的东西的趋近和对不喜欢或害怕的东西回避。

When this lower stream is activated, we feel something is happening to us. We have gut reactions and heart-felt responses that make us take things personally.

当低的“流”被激活时，我们会感觉到有什么事情发生在我们身上。

我们有本能的反应和发自内心的反应，这些反应让我们把事情个化。

This bottom-up stream, then, is the one that is really “on” when we are experiencing something from an egocentric or “me- centered” perspective.

当我们从自我中心或“以我为中心”的角度看问题时，这个自下向上的流才是真正“开启”。