CentOS 7.3中搭建LAMP环境

Linux+Apache+Mysql/MariaDB+Perl/PHP/Python一组常用来搭建动态网站或者服务器的开源软件，本身都是各自独立的程序，但是因为常被放在一起使用，拥有了越来越高的兼容度，共同组成了一个强大的Web应用程序平台。

安装软件包

yum -y install httpd php php-mysql php-devel                           #安装Apache和PHP
yum -y  groupinstall mariadb                                           #安装MariaDB包组

启动httpd服务

systemctl  start httpd                                            #启动httpd
systemctl entable httpd                                           #设置httpd开机自启   
[root@CentOS7.3 ~]#ss -ntl                                        #查看httpd监听端口
State       Recv-Q Send-Q      Local Address:Port                     Peer Address:Port                         
LISTEN      0      128                     *:22                                  *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128             127.0.0.1:631                                 *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128                    :::111                                :::*                  
LISTEN      0      128                    :::80                                 :::*          #httpd       
LISTEN      0      128                    :::22                                 :::*                  
LISTEN      0      128                   ::1:631                                :::*              

配置PHP

[root@CentOS7.3 ~]#cd /var/www/html/             #进入httpd服务的默认工作目录
[root@CentOS7.3 html]#vim index.php              #创建一个主页文件，写入以下内容
<?php

    phpinfo();                #显示php的信息                

?>    

在浏览器中访问你服务器的ip地址，会出现PHP的详细信息，如下图。

image.png

### 设置mariadb数据库

systemctl start mariadb #启动MariaDB服务
systemctl enable mariadb.service #设置Maiadb开启自启
[root@CentOS7.3 ~]#ss -ntl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 50 :3306 : #MariaDB服务的端口已经启动
LISTEN 0 128 :22 :
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:631 :
LISTEN 0 128 :::111 :::
LISTEN 0 128 :::80 :::
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::*

数据库默认是允许匿名用户和root空口令登陆的，所以我们需要进行一下安装设置，MariaDB默认自带一个安全脚本

```bash
[root@CentOS7.3 ~]#mysql_secure_installation 
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user.  If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):             #要求属于当前的数据库root用户的密码，默认为空。
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] y                           #是否设置数据库管理员密码
New password:                                           #新密码
Re-enter new password:                           #确认密码
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!

By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y                                #是否删除匿名用户
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y                      #是否禁止管理员远程登陆
 ... Success!

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y         #是否删除test测试数据库
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y                #更改是否生效
 ... Success!
Cleaning up...

All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MariaDB!

创建用户并授权

[root@CentOS7.3 ~]#mysql -uroot -p                       #登陆数据库
Enter password:                                                        #输入数据库密码
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 10
Server version: 5.5.52-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]>  create user 'test'@'localhost' identified by 'admin';      
#创建一个名为test的用户，只允许本机登陆， admind是设置的密码
MariaDB [(none)]> quit                            #退出数据库
Bye
[root@CentOS7.3 ~]#mysql -utest -p                         #使用刚刚创建的用户test登陆
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 11
Server version: 5.5.52-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]>                                                #登陆成功

配置phpMyAdmin
phpMyAdmin 是一个以PHP为基础，以Web-Base方式架构在网站主机上的MySQL的数据库管理工具，让管理者可用Web接口管理MySQL数据库。
官网：https://www.phpmyadmin.net/

[root@CentOS7.3 app]#tar xf phpMyAdmin-4.7.3-all-languages.tar.xz -C /var/www/html/                          #把安装包解药的httpd的工作目录
[root@CentOS7.3 app]#cd /var/www/html/
[root@CentOS7.3 html]#mv phpMyAdmin-4.7.3-all-languages/ phpmyadmin
[root@CentOS7.3 phpmyadmin]#cp libraries/config.default.php config.inc.php

修改配置文件

$cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri'] = 'http://192.168.166.130/phpmyadmin';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['user'] = 'root';

/**
 * MySQL password (only needed with 'config' auth_type)
 *
 * @global string $cfg['Servers'][$i]['password']
 */
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['password'] = 'admin';
$cfg['DefaultLang'] = 'zh';