WKWebView系列--Cookie问题

什么是Cookie

• Cookie是服务端为了识别终端身份，保存在本地的用户凭证信息，Cookie本质是包含了一系列key-value的数组。
• Cookies最典型的应用是判定注册用户是否已经登录网站，用户可能会得到提示，是否在下一次进入此网站时保留用户信息以便简化登录手续，这些都是Cookies的功用。

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iOS中管理Cookie

• 管理Cookie主要用NSHTTPCookie和NSHTTPCookieStorage当你访问网站时NSURLRequest会帮你主动记录访问网站的Cookie。如果Cookie存在的话，会把Cookie存放在NSHTTPCookieStorage容器中共享，当你再访问的时候NSURLRequest会带上保存下来的Cookie去请求。

• NSHTTPCookieStorage
  A container that manages the storage of cookies.Each stored cookie is represented by an instance of the NSHTTPCookie class.
  一个用于储存Cookie的容器，一个NSHTTPCookie单例代表一个Cookie
• NSHTTPCookie
  A representation of an HTTP cookie.
  HTTP请求Cookie数据对象

UIWebView处理Cookie

• UIWebView会将NSHTTPRequest的所有请求产生的Cookie自动保存到NSHTTPCookieStorage中，并在app内多个UIWebView之间共享。通过 UIWebView 发起请求 ，请求头会自动带上Cookie

NSHTTPCookieStorage *sharedCookieStorage = [NSHTTPCookieStorage sharedHTTPCookieStorage];

NSDictionary *properties = @{NSHTTPCookieName : @"cookie name",
                                 NSHTTPCookieValue : @"cookie value",
                                 NSHTTPCookieDomain : @"your omain",
                                 NSHTTPCookiePath : @"/"};

NSHTTPCookie *cookie = [[NSHTTPCookie alloc] initWithProperties:properties];

[sharedCookieStorage setCookie: cookie];

WKWebView处理Cookie

• WKWebView不会自动带上Cookie，所以需要另外处理
• 在iOS 11以后苹果官方有提供接口设置WKWebView的cookieStorage

if (@available(iOS 11.0, *)) {
    [self.webview.configuration.websiteDataStore.httpCookieStore setCookie:eventCK completionHandler:^{
      @wb_strongify(self)
      NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
      [self.webview loadRequest:request];
    }];
}

• 在iOS 11以前设置Cookie比较复杂。
  方法一：通过key-value构造Cookie，在loadRequest前，在request header中设置Cookie

NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:yourURL]];
NSDictionary *headFields = request.allHTTPHeaderFields;
NSString *cookie = headFields[@"cookie"];
if (cookie == nil) {
  [request addValue:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@=%@", cookieName, cookieValue] forHTTPHeaderField:@"Cookie"];
}
[self.webView loadRequest:request];

方法二：可以通过document.cookie设置Cookie

//在请求中添加cookie
[self.requestToLoad setValue:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@=%@", cookieName, cookieValue] forHTTPHeaderField:@"Cookie"];
NSString *cookieSource = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"document.cookie = '%@=%@';", cookieName, cookieValue];
//写一个js脚本，并将cookieSource放入脚本中
WKUserScript *cookieScrip = [[WKUserScript alloc] initWithSource:cookieSource injectionTime:WKUserScriptInjectionTimeAtDocumentStart forMainFrameOnly:NO];
//添加js脚本
[self.webView.configuration.userContentController addUserScript:cookieScrip];

• (instancetype)initWithSource:(NSString *)source injectionTime:(WKUserScriptInjectionTime)injectionTime forMainFrameOnly:(BOOL)forMainFrameOnly;
  Returns an initialized user script that can be added to a user content controller.
  注意第二个参数通常为WKUserScriptInjectionTimeAtDocumentStart表示在加载网页时注入

• setValue:forHTTPHeaderField
  If the length of your upload body data can be determined automatically (for example, if you provide the body content with an NSData object), then the value of Content-Length is set for you.
• addValue:forHTTPHeaderField
  This method provides the ability to add values to header fields incrementally. If a value was previously set for the specified field, the supplied value is appended to the existing value using the appropriate field delimiter (a comma).

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到此为止WKWebView的Cookie问题已经可以基本解决了
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参考文章：
https://www.jianshu.com/p/cd0d819b9851
https://www.jianshu.com/p/19e100b0c674