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Retrofit+okHttp3一步一步封装MVP

2018-01-22  本文已影响0人  luweicheng24

Retrofit+okHttp3一步一步封装MVP

Retrofit+okhttp3 是目前最流行的网络请求框架,本文主要说明MVP一步步封装,对于Retrofit不会过多讲解。MVP算是目前比较火的一想移动端的代码架构,采用Presenter隔离View层和Model层,解耦View层由于涉及过多逻辑而造成的代码臃肿,导致调试以及后期更改麻烦,下面开始一步一步搭建Retrofit+okHttp3封装MVP:


public interface IMvpViewImpl<T extends CommonVo>  {

     void requesting(); // 数据请求开始
     void success(T data); // 请求成功
     void fail(ErrorInfo errorInfo); // 请求失败

}
/**
 * Author   : luweicheng on 2018/1/19 0019 15:00
 * E-mail   :1769005961@qq.com
 * GitHub   : https://github.com/luweicheng24
 * funcation: presenter抽象基类
 **/
public abstract class AbstactMvpPresenter<V extends IMvpViewImpl> {
    protected HashMap<String,String> paramMap; // 参数map
    private V mvpView;
    // 关联View
    public void attachView(V mvpView){
        this.mvpView = mvpView;
        paramMap = new HashMap<>();
    }
    // 与View接触绑定
   public void detachView(){
       this.mvpView = null;
   }
    // 获取View
    public V getMvpView() {
        return mvpView;
    }
}

该类中的ParamMap是方便以后发送网络请求时的参数封装到map中,其中在Activity或者Fragment的创建时将Presenter与其关联,在界面销毁时设置传递到Presenter中的View为null,这样不会再Activity或者Fragment销毁时Presenter层仍然持有View的引用而导致内存泄漏。

/**
 * Author   : luweicheng on 2018/1/19 0019 15:26
 * E-mail   :1769005961@qq.com
 * GitHub   : https://github.com/luweicheng24
 * funcation: Activity的抽象基类
 **/
public abstract class AbstractMvpActivity<P extends AbstactMvpPresenter> extends AppCompatActivity implements IMvpViewImpl {
    protected  P presenter;
    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        presenter = createPresenter();
        if(presenter==null){
            throw new RuntimeException("present is null");
        }
        presenter.attachView(this)
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        super.onStop();
        if(presenter!=null){
            presenter.detachView();
        }
    }

    // 子类创建具体的Presenter
    protected abstract P createPresenter();
}

MVP 的基本基类就编写完成,下面看一下如何封装一个适合项目的网络请求

/**
 * Author   : luweicheng on 2018/1/22 0022 10:05
 * E-mail   :1769005961@qq.com
 * GitHub   : https://github.com/luweicheng24
 * funcation:
 */
@Controller
public class LoginController {

    @RequestMapping("/login")
    @ResponseBody()
    public Map<String,Object> login(@RequestParam(value = "name",required=false) String name, @RequestParam(value = "password",required=false) String password) {
        Map requestMap = new HashMap();
        if (name != null && password != null ) {
            requestMap.put("res_code",1);
            requestMap.put("res_msg","登陆成功");
            LoginParm parm = new LoginParm();
            parm.setSex("男");
            parm.setName(name);
            parm.setAge("23");
            requestMap.put("user",parm);
        } else {
            requestMap.put("res_code",1);
            requestMap.put("res_msg","登陆成功");
        }
        return requestMap;
    }

}

以上代码只是为了测试方便随意编写的一个Controller,数据返回格式为json。

/**
 * Author   : luweicheng on 2018/1/19 0019 16:20
 * E-mail   :1769005961@qq.com
 * GitHub   : https://github.com/luweicheng24
 * funcation: Retrofit接口类
 **/
public interface ApiService {
//    retrofit 的get请求
    @GET("/login")
    Call<LoginVo> loginGet(@QueryMap HashMap<String,String> paramMap);
// retrofit的post请求
    @FormUrlEncoded
    @POST("/login")
    Call<LoginVo> loginPost(@FieldMap HashMap<String,String> paramMap);
}
/**
 * Author   : luweicheng on 2018/1/22 0022 09:41
 * E-mail   :1769005961@qq.com
 * GitHub   : https://github.com/luweicheng24
 * funcation: Api客户端
 **/
public class ApiClient {
    private ApiClient(){}
    public static ApiClient client;
    private static  ApiService apiService;
    static {
         Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit
                 .Builder()
                 .baseUrl("http://192.168.1.35:8081/")
                 .client(new OkHttpClient())
                 .addConverterFactory( GsonConverterFactory.create())
                 .build();
         apiService = retrofit.create(ApiService.class);
     }
      public static ApiService getApiService(){
          if(client==null){
              synchronized (ApiClient.class){
                  if(client==null){
                      client = new ApiClient();
                  }
              }
          }
          return apiService;
      }
}

这里先来看一下服务端返回的数据格式:

{"res_msg":"登陆成功",
"user":{"name":"123","age":"23","sex":"男"},
"res_code":1
}

以上数据格式也是现在基本所有服务器返回数据的基本格式,所以针对这种数据格式先来创建一个CommonParm:

public class CommonVo{
    private int res_code;
    private String res_msg;

    public int getRes_code() {
        return res_code;
    }

    public void setRes_code(int res_code) {
        this.res_code = res_code;
    }

    public String getRes_msg() {
        return res_msg;
    }

    public void setRes_msg(String res_msg) {
        this.res_msg = res_msg;
    }
}

再来编写一个具体的vo类,继承自CommonParam

public class LoginVo extends CommonVo{

    /**
     * user : {"name":"123","age":"23","sex":"男"}
     */

    private UserBean user;

    public UserBean getUser() {
        return user;
    }

    public void setUser(UserBean user) {
        this.user = user;
    }

    public static class UserBean {
        /**
         * name : 123
         * age : 23
         * sex : 男
         */

        private String name;
        private String age;
        private String sex;

        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }

        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }

        public String getAge() {
            return age;
        }

        public void setAge(String age) {
            this.age = age;
        }

        public String getSex() {
            return sex;
        }

        public void setSex(String sex) {
            this.sex = sex;
        }
        
        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "UserBean{" +
                    "name='" + name + '\'' +
                    ", age='" + age + '\'' +
                    ", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
                    '}';
        }
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "LoginVo{" +
                "user=" + user +
                '}';
    }
}

由于服务器返回的数据根据res_code会有不同的操作,所以本地封装一个ErrorInfo类来封装code和msg:

public class ErrorInfo {
    private int errCode;
    private String errMsg;
    public ErrorInfo(int errCode, String errMsg) {
        this.errCode = errCode;
        this.errMsg = errMsg;
    }
    public int getErrCode() {
        return errCode;
    }

    public void setErrCode(int errCode) {
        this.errCode = errCode;
    }

    public String getErrMsg() {
        return errMsg;
    }

    public void setErrMsg(String errMsg) {
        this.errMsg = errMsg;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "ErrorInfo{" +
                "errCode=" + errCode +
                ", errMsg='" + errMsg + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

在完成上面的编写后,就到了编写一个具体mvp流程了,如何进行一次封装的网络请求:



public class LoginModel {
   //   登录
    public void login(HashMap<String,String> paraMap, HttpCallBack customCallBack){
        Call<LoginVo> call = ApiClient.getApiService().loginGet(paraMap);
        call.enqueue(customCallBack);
    }
}

HttpCallBack 是一个自定义的回调处理,实现了Retrofit的CallBack接口,在内部根据服务器返回的信息进行处理:

public class HttpCallBack<T extends CommonVo> implements Callback {
    public static final int NET_ERROR = 10086;

    public HttpCallBack(ResponseResultListener resultListener) {
        this.resultListener = resultListener;
    }
    @Override
    public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) {
        T vo = (T) response.body();
//            根据code过滤数据
        if (resultListener != null&&vo.getRes_code()==1) {
            resultListener.success(vo);
        } else {
            resultListener.error(new ErrorInfo(vo.getRes_code(), vo.getRes_msg()));
        }

    }
    @Override
    public void onFailure(Call call, Throwable t) {
        resultListener.error(new ErrorInfo(NET_ERROR, "网络异常"));
        Log.e("net-error", "onFailure: " + t.getMessage());
    }

    private ResponseResultListener resultListener;

    public void setResultListener(ResponseResultListener resultListener) {
        this.resultListener = resultListener;
    }
}

在Callback的两个回调接口中需要将该处的数据传递出去,所以利用一个接口回调将数据传递出去:


public interface ResponseResultListener<T extends CommonVo> {
    //      正确返回数据(res_code!=1)
    void success(T t);
    //      返回数据有错
    void error(ErrorInfo errorInfo);
}

接下来编写LoginActiivty:

public class LoginActivity extends AbstractMvpActivity<LoginPresenter> {
    private EditText et_name, et_password;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        et_name = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_name);
        et_password = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_passsword);
    }

    @Override
    protected LoginPresenter createPresenter() {
        return new LoginPresenter();
    }

    public void login(View view) {
        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(et_name.getText()) && TextUtils.isEmpty(et_password.getText())) {
            presenter.requestLogin(et_name.getText().toString(), et_password.getText().toString());
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(this, "用户名或者密码为空", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }

    }

    @Override
    public void requesting() {
        System.out.println("数据请求中");
    }

    @Override
    public void success(CommonVo data) {
        ((LoginVo) data).toString();
        Toast.makeText(this, "登录成功"+((LoginVo) data).toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

        System.out.println("loginactivity" + ((LoginVo) data).toString());
    }

    @Override
    public void fail(ErrorInfo errorInfo) {
        Toast.makeText(this, "登录失败"+errorInfo.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        System.out.println("loginactivity" + errorInfo.toString());

    }

}

该类只是继承AbstractMvpActivity规定Presenter的泛型,实现如下方法:

  @Override
    protected LoginPresenter createPresenter() {
        return new LoginPresenter();
    }

接下里就是具体的Presenter类的编写了:

public class LoginPresenter extends AbstactMvpPresenter<IMvpViewImpl> {
        private IMvpViewImpl view;
        private LoginModel loginModel;
        public LoginPresenter(){
            loginModel = new LoginModel();
        }
//       请求登录
        public void requestLogin(String name,String password){
          view =  getMvpView();
          if(view != null){
            view.requesting();
          }
           paramMap.put("name",name);
           paramMap.put("password",password);
           loginModel.login(paramMap,new HttpCallBack(new ResponseResultListener<LoginVo>() {
               @Override
               public void success(LoginVo loginVo) {
                 view.success(loginVo);
               }
               @Override
               public void error(ErrorInfo errorInfo) {
                   view.fail(errorInfo);
                   System.out.println(errorInfo.toString());
               }
           }));

      }

}

Loginpresenter在创建的时候便会创建一个LoginModel,当View层调用Presenter时,Presenter调用Model层的数据请求,数据请求完成后将数据回调给View层。
Model层只做数据的存取操作:

public class LoginModel {
   //   登录
    public void login(HashMap<String,String> paraMap, HttpCallBack customCallBack){
        Call<LoginVo> call = ApiClient.getApiService().loginGet(paraMap);
        call.enqueue(customCallBack);
    }
}

这样一个采用Retrofit+okhttp3搭建完整的MVP架构就算完成了,其中还有还需很大的优化,github源码下载,欢迎issue,star。

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