Labelling grid lines on a Lamber

2019-04-04 本文已影响1人榴莲气象

Labelling grid lines on a Lambert Conformal projection

In response to the StackOverflow question here: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/27962953/cartopy-axis-label-workaround.

Notes:

The map boundary must be rectangular, otherwise the detection of which axis to label will be broken.
Requires cartopy >= 0.12

In [1]:

%matplotlib inline
import cartopy.crs as ccrs
from cartopy.mpl.gridliner import LATITUDE_FORMATTER, LONGITUDE_FORMATTER
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import shapely.geometry as sgeom
</pre>

In [2]:

<pre style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: monospace; font-size: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); border-radius: 4px; display: block; line-height: inherit; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent; border: none;">def find_side(ls, side):
"""
Given a shapely LineString which is assumed to be rectangular, return the
line corresponding to a given side of the rectangle.

"""
minx, miny, maxx, maxy = ls.bounds
points = {'left': [(minx, miny), (minx, maxy)],
'right': [(maxx, miny), (maxx, maxy)],
'bottom': [(minx, miny), (maxx, miny)],
'top': [(minx, maxy), (maxx, maxy)],}
return sgeom.LineString(points[side])

def lambert_xticks(ax, ticks):
"""Draw ticks on the bottom x-axis of a Lambert Conformal projection."""
te = lambda xy: xy[0]
lc = lambda t, n, b: np.vstack((np.zeros(n) + t, np.linspace(b[2], b[3], n))).T
xticks, xticklabels = _lambert_ticks(ax, ticks, 'bottom', lc, te)
ax.xaxis.tick_bottom()
ax.set_xticks(xticks)
ax.set_xticklabels([ax.xaxis.get_major_formatter()(xtick) for xtick in xticklabels])

def lambert_yticks(ax, ticks):
"""Draw ricks on the left y-axis of a Lamber Conformal projection."""
te = lambda xy: xy[1]
lc = lambda t, n, b: np.vstack((np.linspace(b[0], b[1], n), np.zeros(n) + t)).T
yticks, yticklabels = _lambert_ticks(ax, ticks, 'left', lc, te)
ax.yaxis.tick_left()
ax.set_yticks(yticks)
ax.set_yticklabels([ax.yaxis.get_major_formatter()(ytick) for ytick in yticklabels])

def _lambert_ticks(ax, ticks, tick_location, line_constructor, tick_extractor):
"""Get the tick locations and labels for an axis of a Lambert Conformal projection."""
outline_patch = sgeom.LineString(ax.outline_patch.get_path().vertices.tolist())
axis = find_side(outline_patch, tick_location)
n_steps = 30
extent = ax.get_extent(ccrs.PlateCarree())
_ticks = []
for t in ticks:
xy = line_constructor(t, n_steps, extent)
proj_xyz = ax.projection.transform_points(ccrs.Geodetic(), xy[:, 0], xy[:, 1])
xyt = proj_xyz[..., :2]
ls = sgeom.LineString(xyt.tolist())
locs = axis.intersection(ls)
if not locs:
tick = [None]
else:
tick = tick_extractor(locs.xy)
_ticks.append(tick[0])
# Remove ticks that aren't visible:
ticklabels = copy(ticks)
while True:
try:
index = _ticks.index(None)
except ValueError:
break
_ticks.pop(index)
ticklabels.pop(index)
return _ticks, ticklabels
</pre>

In [3]:

<pre style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: monospace; font-size: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); border-radius: 4px; display: block; line-height: inherit; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent; border: none;"># Create a Lambert Conformal projection:
proj = ccrs.LambertConformal(central_longitude=13.3333, central_latitude=47.5,
false_easting=400000, false_northing=400000,
standard_parallels=(46, 49))

Draw a set of axes with coastlines:

fig = plt.figure(figsize=(9, 9), frameon=True)
ax = fig.add_axes([0.08, 0.05, 0.8, 0.94], projection=proj)
ax.set_extent([-5, 31, 42, 55], crs=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax.coastlines(resolution='50m')

must call draw in order to get the axis boundary used to add ticks:

fig.canvas.draw()

Define gridline locations and draw the lines using cartopy's built-in gridliner:

xticks = [-110, -50, -40, -30, -20, -11, 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50]
yticks = [10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80]
ax.gridlines(xlocs=xticks, ylocs=yticks)

Label the end-points of the gridlines using the custom tick makers:

ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(LONGITUDE_FORMATTER)
ax.yaxis.set_major_formatter(LATITUDE_FORMATTER)
lambert_xticks(ax, xticks)
lambert_yticks(ax, yticks)
</pre>

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