spring boot 编写单元测试
2018-05-18 本文已影响53人
wnyto
1.开始之前
- IDE:Intellij idea
- 依赖jar包 : spring-boot-starter-test
- 生成测试类
快捷方式:鼠标移动到要测试的类上 按下 alt+enter
需要的注解:
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
@Test
ex:
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class ClassServiceTest {
@Test
public void addInfo()
{
}
}
3.使用断言assertThat
assertThat 基本语法
assertThat( [value], [matcher statement] );
- value 是接下来想要测试的变量值;
- matcher statement 是使用 Hamcrest 匹配符来表达的对前面变量所期望的值的声明,如果 value 值与 matcher statement 所表达的期望值相符,则测试成功,否则测试失败。
- Hamcrest 匹配符
API:http://hamcrest.org/JavaHamcrest/javadoc/2.0.0.0/
5.Controller单元测试
上面只是针对Service层做测试,但是有时候需要对Controller层(API)做测试,这时候就得用到MockMvc了,你可以不必启动工程就能测试这些接口。
MockMvc实现了对Http请求的模拟,能够直接使用网络的形式,转换到Controller的调用,这样可以使得测试速度快、不依赖网络环境,而且提供了一套验证的工具,这样可以使得请求的验证统一而且很方便。
Controller类:
package com.dudu.controller;
/** 教程页面
* Created by tengj on 2017/3/13.
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/learn")
public class LearnController extends AbstractController{
@Autowired
private LearnService learnService;
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
@RequestMapping("")
public String learn(Model model){
model.addAttribute("ctx", getContextPath()+"/");
return "learn-resource";
}
/**
* 查询教程列表
* @param page
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/queryLeanList",method = RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public AjaxObject queryLearnList(Page<LeanQueryLeanListReq> page){
List<LearnResource> learnList=learnService.queryLearnResouceList(page);
PageInfo<LearnResource> pageInfo =new PageInfo<LearnResource>(learnList);
return AjaxObject.ok().put("page", pageInfo);
}
/**
* 新添教程
* @param learn
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/add",method = RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public AjaxObject addLearn(@RequestBody LearnResource learn){
learnService.save(learn);
return AjaxObject.ok();
}
/**
* 修改教程
* @param learn
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/update",method = RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public AjaxObject updateLearn(@RequestBody LearnResource learn){
learnService.updateNotNull(learn);
return AjaxObject.ok();
}
/**
* 删除教程
* @param ids
*/@Test
@Transactional
public void add(){
LearnResource bean = new LearnResource();
bean.setAuthor("测试回滚");
bean.setTitle("回滚用例");
bean.setUrl("http://tengj.top");
learnService.save(bean);
}
@RequestMapping(value="/delete",method = RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public AjaxObject deleteLearn(@RequestBody Long[] ids){
learnService.deleteBatch(ids);
return AjaxObject.ok();
}
/**
* 获取教程
* @param id
*/
@RequestMapping(value="/resource/{id}",method = RequestMethod.GET)
@ResponseBody
public LearnResource qryLearn(@PathVariable(value = "id") Long id){
LearnResource lean= learnService.selectByKey(id);
return lean;
}
}
6.单元测试回滚
单元个测试的时候如果不想造成垃圾数据,可以开启事物功能,记在方法或者类头部添加@Transactional注解即可,如下:
@Test
@Transactional
public void add(){
LearnResource bean = new LearnResource();
bean.setAuthor("测试回滚");
bean.setTitle("回滚用例");
bean.setUrl("http://tengj.top");
learnService.save(bean);
}