The Gay Genius Chapter11

2017-12-19  本文已影响0人  夕夜Silence

I. The sentence

1. Come, take from time the leisure's share you will. Semi-retirement is retirement still.

林语堂翻译了苏东坡《六月二十七日望湖楼醉书》一诗,“未成小隐聊中隐,可得长闲胜暂闲”。

但是英文与原句的意思有些出入,前一句中的leisure并不能区分“小隐”与“中隐”的区别,第二句中直译是“半退休(隐)也是退休(隐)”,可见在林语堂的理解中,semi-retirement不如retirement,这样就有些误读了苏东坡的意思了。

在苏东坡的诗中,“小隐”对应“暂闲”,“中隐”对应“长闲”,这是毫无疑问的,不过难处在于理解“中隐”的意义。“中隐”一词,源于白居易《中隐》诗:“大隐住朝市,小隐入丘樊。樊丘太冷落,朝市太嚣喧。不如作中隐,隐在留司官。“ 唐宋文人即便仕途不得意,也不会去想要隐居,毕竟仕进治国是他们的政治诉求,但另一方面要求自己不流于俗,达成高洁自持的精神追求,这就决定了“小隐”不可取,而“大隐”难为,因此就转向了追求心闲身适的“中隐”,在其位、谋其政、养其德、修其身、适其意、乐其心。苏东坡从未有过避世隐居的志向,因此在他眼中,中隐当然是胜过小隐的。

2. His mind was inspired by the beauty of the place, and his heart was soothed by its pliant charm.

soothe    to make someone feel calmer and less anxious, upset, or angry

pliant  soft and moving easily in the way that you want.

3. The poetry of the region and poetry of the poet found in each other a perfect expression.

find in each other  在这里极为形象,非常巧妙,这一句的译文也同样美。

II. The central question

Q: Why did Lin Yutang wrote about Su Tungpo's life in Hangchow?

A: Hangchow was an important city in Su Tungpo's life, which was affected his writing and political life. In this chapter, we can find the happy life Su Tungpo lived in Hangchow. He found the balance between enjoyment and work. We should never forget that the people in Hangchow admired Su Tungpo not only he was a great poet, but also he was a good officer. Also, his joyful life style and those stories with monks and courtesans just showed us the familiar Su Tungpo we knew.

III. 补充内容

在此纠正一下林语堂犯的一个小错误。

"Through Su Tungpo, Chin Kuan, Huang Tingchien and others of his generation, like Yen Chitao and Chou Pangyen, it became the peotry of the dynasty."

“由于苏东坡、秦少游、黄庭坚,以及宋代别的词人如晏几道、周邦彦等的创作,词这一体的诗成了宋朝诗的正宗。”

错误一:宋词并不是经过苏黄秦等人之手成为正宗的,列举的这些人在时间线上显然是一刀切了,在苏轼之前作词的有柳永,而且苏轼作词是学习柳永而超越之,他将柳永视作学习的对象和对手。

如:“近却颇作小词,虽无柳七郎风味,亦自是一家.呵呵。”(《江城子 密州出猎》序)

东坡在玉堂(官署名)日,有幕士善歌,(苏轼)因问:“我词何如柳七(柳永)?”对曰:“柳郎中(柳永)词,只合十七八女郎,执红牙板,歌‘杨柳岸晓风残月’;学士(苏轼)词须关西大汉,铜琵琶,铁绰板,唱‘大江东去’。东坡为之绝倒。(俞文豹《吹剑录》)

事实上,苏轼的词在宋代并不是主流,当然柳永也不是。周邦彦才是宋词正声的代表。

错误二:“词”并非是“诗”,词是另一种问题,与诗的起源并不相同,李清照《词论》提出“词别是一家”的观点,在此不赘述。

林语堂的原文有表述不准确的地方,但限于英文中并没有“词”这一文体的名称,勉强可以理解,但是译文将词认为是“宋朝诗的正宗”,这种常识性错误是不可原谅的。

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