高并发专题

【性能优化】小伙伴问我性能指标监控怎么做,这次我安排上了!!

2020-09-19  本文已影响0人  冰河团队

写在前面

在【冰河技术】微信公众号的《【高并发】面试官:性能优化有哪些衡量指标?需要注意什么?》一文中,介绍了性能优化的衡量指标和期间需要注意的事项,属于理论篇的内容。这不,在文章下方就有小伙伴问我:监控怎么做?我理解了他的意思后,今天就安排上了。

小伙伴的疑问

小伙伴:监控怎么做?

我:你指的是?

小伙伴:性能指标。

我:后面会专门写这些文章。

image

使用JMX监控Tomcat

关于监控的文章,先写些什么呢?想来想去,我们先来写一篇使用JMX监控Tomcat的实战文章吧。好了,我们直接进入主题。

激活Tomcat的JMX远程配置

要通过JMX远程监控Tomcat,首先需要激活Tomcat的JMX远程配置。

① 修改脚本

先修改Tomcat的启动脚本,windows下为bin/catalina.bat(linux下为catalina.sh),添加以下内容,8999是jmxremote使用的端口号,第二个false表示不需要鉴权:

set JMX_REMOTE_CONFIG=-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=8999 -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false
set CATALINA_OPTS=%CATALINA_OPTS% %JMX_REMOTE_CONFIG%

要注意以上语句的位置不能太后面,可以加在【if "%OS%" == "Windows_NT" setlocal】一句后的大段的注释后面。

参考官方说明:

② 鉴权

上面的配置是不需要鉴权的,如果需要鉴权则添加的内容为:

set JMX_REMOTE_CONFIG=-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=8999 -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=true -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.password.file=../conf/jmxremote.password -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.access.file=../conf/jmxremote.access
set CATALINA_OPTS=%CATALINA_OPTS% %JMX_REMOTE_CONFIG%

③ 复制并修改授权文件

$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/management下有jmxremote.access和jmxremote.password的模板文件,将两个文件复制到$CATALINA_BASE/conf目录下

◆ 修改$CATALINA_BASE/conf/jmxremote.access 添加内容

monitorRole readonly
controlRole readwrite

◆ 修改$CATALINA_BASE/conf/jmxremote.password 添加内容:

monitorRole binghe
controlRole binghe

注意: 如果进行了以上步骤导致Tomcat启动不了,那么很可能是密码文件的权限问题

需要修改jmxremote.password文件的访问权限,只有运行Tomcat的用户才能拥有访问权限 :

Windows的NTFS文件系统下,选中文件,点右键 -->“属性”-->“安全”--> 点“高级”--> 点“更改权限”--> 去掉“从父项继承....”--> 弹出窗口中选“删除”,这样就删除了所有访问权限。再选“添加”--> “高级”--> “立即查找”,选中你的用户(或用户组,如果选用户不行那就选用户组),例administrator,点“确定",“确定"。来到权限项目窗口,勾选“完全控制”,点“确定”,OK了。

官方的提示

The password file should be read-only and only accessible by the operating system user Tomcat is running as.

④验证配置

重新启动Tomcat,在Windows命令行输入“netstat -a”查看配置的端口号是否已打开,如果打开,说明上面的配置成功了。

⑤ 使用jconsole测试JMX

运行$JAVA_HOME/bin目录下的jconsole.exe,打开J2SE监视和管理控制台,然后建立连接,如果是本地的Tomcat则直接选择然后点击连接,如果是远程的,则进入远程选项卡,填写地址、端口号、用户名、口令即可连接。。Mbean属性页中给出了相应的数据,Catalina中是tomcat的,java.lang是jvm的。对于加粗的黑体属性值,需双击一下才可看内容。

代码获取监控指标

String jmxURL = "service:jmx:rmi:///jndi/rmi://192.168.10.93:8999/jmxrmi";
JMXServiceURL serviceURL = new JMXServiceURL(jmxURL);
 
Map map = new HashMap();
// 用户名密码,在jmxremote.password文件中查看
String[] credentials = new String[] { "monitorRole", "tomcat" };
map.put("jmx.remote.credentials", credentials);
JMXConnector connector = JMXConnectorFactory.connect(serviceURL, map);
MBeanServerConnection mbsc = connector.getMBeanServerConnection();
 
// 端口最好是动态取得
ObjectName threadObjName = new ObjectName("Catalina:type=ThreadPool,name=http-8080");
MBeanInfo mbInfo = mbsc.getMBeanInfo(threadObjName);
 
// tomcat的线程数对应的属性值
String attrName = "currentThreadCount";
MBeanAttributeInfo[] mbAttributes = mbInfo.getAttributes();
System.out.println("currentThreadCount:" + mbsc.getAttribute(threadObjName, attrName));
import java.lang.management.MemoryUsage;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Formatter;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
 
import javax.management.MBeanAttributeInfo;
import javax.management.MBeanInfo;
import javax.management.MBeanServerConnection;
import javax.management.ObjectInstance;
import javax.management.ObjectName;
import javax.management.openmbean.CompositeDataSupport;
import javax.management.remote.JMXConnector;
import javax.management.remote.JMXConnectorFactory;
import javax.management.remote.JMXServiceURL;
/**
 * @author binghe
 * @description JMX监控Tomcat代码实战
 */
public class JMXTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            String jmxURL = "service:jmx:rmi:///jndi/rmi://127.0.0.1:8999/jmxrmi";
            JMXServiceURL serviceURL = new JMXServiceURL(jmxURL);
            Map map = new HashMap();
            String[] credentials = new String[] { "monitorRole", "tomcat" };
            map.put("jmx.remote.credentials", credentials);
            JMXConnector connector = JMXConnectorFactory.connect(serviceURL,map);
            MBeanServerConnection mbsc = connector.getMBeanServerConnection();
            // 端口最好是动态取得
            ObjectName threadObjName = new ObjectName("Catalina:type=ThreadPool,name=http-8080");
            MBeanInfo mbInfo = mbsc.getMBeanInfo(threadObjName);
            String attrName = "currentThreadCount";// tomcat的线程数对应的属性值
            MBeanAttributeInfo[] mbAttributes = mbInfo.getAttributes();
            System.out.println("currentThreadCount:" + mbsc.getAttribute(threadObjName, attrName));
 
            // heap
            for (int j = 0; j < mbsc.getDomains().length; j++) {
                System.out.println("###########" + mbsc.getDomains()[j]);
            }
            Set MBeanset = mbsc.queryMBeans(null, null);
            System.out.println("MBeanset.size() : " + MBeanset.size());
            Iterator MBeansetIterator = MBeanset.iterator();
            while (MBeansetIterator.hasNext()) {
                ObjectInstance objectInstance = (ObjectInstance) MBeansetIterator.next();
                ObjectName objectName = objectInstance.getObjectName();
                String canonicalName = objectName.getCanonicalName();
                System.out.println("canonicalName : " + canonicalName);
                if (canonicalName.equals("Catalina:host=localhost,type=Cluster")) {
                    // Get details of cluster MBeans
                    System.out.println("Cluster MBeans Details:");
                    System.out.println("=========================================");
                    // getMBeansDetails(canonicalName);
                    String canonicalKeyPropList = objectName.getCanonicalKeyPropertyListString();
                }
            }
            // ------------------------- system ----------------------
            ObjectName runtimeObjName = new ObjectName("java.lang:type=Runtime");
            System.out.println("厂商:"+ (String) mbsc.getAttribute(runtimeObjName, "VmVendor"));
            System.out.println("程序:"+ (String) mbsc.getAttribute(runtimeObjName, "VmName"));
            System.out.println("版本:"+ (String) mbsc.getAttribute(runtimeObjName, "VmVersion"));
            Date starttime = new Date((Long) mbsc.getAttribute(runtimeObjName,"StartTime"));
            SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
            System.out.println("启动时间:" + df.format(starttime));
 
            Long timespan = (Long) mbsc.getAttribute(runtimeObjName, "Uptime");
            System.out.println("连续工作时间:" + JMXTest.formatTimeSpan(timespan));
            // ------------------------ JVM -------------------------
            // 堆使用率
            ObjectName heapObjName = new ObjectName("java.lang:type=Memory");
            MemoryUsage heapMemoryUsage = MemoryUsage.from((CompositeDataSupport) mbsc.getAttribute(heapObjName,"HeapMemoryUsage"));
            long maxMemory = heapMemoryUsage.getMax();// 堆最大
            long commitMemory = heapMemoryUsage.getCommitted();// 堆当前分配
            long usedMemory = heapMemoryUsage.getUsed();
            System.out.println("heap:" + (double) usedMemory * 100 / commitMemory + "%");// 堆使用率
 
            MemoryUsage nonheapMemoryUsage = MemoryUsage.from((CompositeDataSupport) mbsc.getAttribute(heapObjName,"NonHeapMemoryUsage"));
            long noncommitMemory = nonheapMemoryUsage.getCommitted();
            long nonusedMemory = heapMemoryUsage.getUsed();
            System.out.println("nonheap:" + (double) nonusedMemory * 100 / noncommitMemory + "%");
 
            ObjectName permObjName = new ObjectName("java.lang:type=MemoryPool,name=Perm Gen");
            MemoryUsage permGenUsage = MemoryUsage.from((CompositeDataSupport) mbsc.getAttribute(permObjName, "Usage"));
            long committed = permGenUsage.getCommitted();// 持久堆大小
            long used = heapMemoryUsage.getUsed();//
            System.out.println("perm gen:" + (double) used * 100 / committed + "%");// 持久堆使用率
 
            // -------------------- Session ---------------
            ObjectName managerObjName = new ObjectName("Catalina:type=Manager,*");
            Set<ObjectName> s = mbsc.queryNames(managerObjName, null);
            for (ObjectName obj : s) {
                System.out.println("应用名:" + obj.getKeyProperty("path"));
                ObjectName objname = new ObjectName(obj.getCanonicalName());
                System.out.println("最大会话数:" + mbsc.getAttribute(objname, "maxActiveSessions"));
                System.out.println("会话数:" + mbsc.getAttribute(objname, "activeSessions"));
                System.out.println("活动会话数:" + mbsc.getAttribute(objname, "sessionCounter"));
            }
 
            // ----------------- Thread Pool ----------------
            ObjectName threadpoolObjName = new ObjectName("Catalina:type=ThreadPool,*");
            Set<ObjectName> s2 = mbsc.queryNames(threadpoolObjName, null);
            for (ObjectName obj : s2) {
                System.out.println("端口名:" + obj.getKeyProperty("name"));
                ObjectName objname = new ObjectName(obj.getCanonicalName());
                System.out.println("最大线程数:" + mbsc.getAttribute(objname, "maxThreads"));
                System.out.println("当前线程数:" + mbsc.getAttribute(objname, "currentThreadCount"));
                System.out.println("繁忙线程数:" + mbsc.getAttribute(objname, "currentThreadsBusy"));
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
 
    public static String formatTimeSpan(long span) {
        long minseconds = span % 1000;
 
        span = span / 1000;
        long seconds = span % 60;
 
        span = span / 60;
        long mins = span % 60;
 
        span = span / 60;
        long hours = span % 24;
 
        span = span / 24;
        long days = span;
        return (new Formatter()).format("%1$d天 %2$02d:%3$02d:%4$02d.%5$03d", days, hours, mins, seconds, minseconds).toString();
    }
}

Tomcat9 JVM参数调优

修改配置

#要添加在tomcat 的bin 下catalina.sh 里添加
JAVA_OPTS="-Xms1024m -Xmx2048m -Xss2048K -XX:PermSize=128m -XX:MaxPermSize=256m"

参数说明

Tomcat 相关参数优化

连接数,线程数,缓存,修改server.xml

打开被注释的默认连接池配置。

默认配置如下所示:

<!--  
<Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-"  
maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/>  
-->  

修改实例:

<Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-"  
         maxThreads="150" 
         minSpareThreads="100"   
         prestartminSpareThreads="true" 
         maxQueueSize="100"/> 

参数说明:

修改后的配置如下所示:

<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
        connectionTimeout="20000"  
        redirectPort="8443"   
        executor="tomcatThreadPool"  
        enableLookups="false"   
        maxIdleTime="60000"
        acceptCount="100"   
        maxPostSize="10485760" 
        acceptorThreadCount="2"    
        disableUploadTimeout="true"   
        URIEncoding="utf-8"
        keepAliveTimeout ="6000"  
        maxKeppAliveRequests="500"   
      />

参数说明:

好了,今天我们就说到这儿吧,我是冰河,我们下期见!!

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