shell

服务器系统配置初始化

#/bin/bash
# 安装系统性能分析工具及其他
yum install gcc make autoconf vim sysstat net-tools iostat iftop iotp wget lrzsz lsof unzip openssh-clients net-tool vim ntpdate -y
# 设置时区并同步时间
ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
if ! crontab -l |grep ntpdate &>/dev/null ; then
    (echo "* 1 * * * ntpdate time.windows.com >/dev/null 2>&1";crontab -l) |crontab 
fi
 
# 禁用selinux
sed -i '/SELINUX/{s/permissive/disabled/}' /etc/selinux/config
 
# 关闭防火墙
if egrep "7.[0-9]" /etc/redhat-release &>/dev/null; then
    systemctl stop firewalld
    systemctl disable firewalld
elif egrep "6.[0-9]" /etc/redhat-release &>/dev/null; then
    service iptables stop
    chkconfig iptables off
fi
 
# 历史命令显示操作时间
if ! grep HISTTIMEFORMAT /etc/bashrc; then
    echo 'export HISTTIMEFORMAT="%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S  `whoami` "' >> /etc/bashrc
fi
 
# SSH超时时间
if ! grep "TMOUT=600" /etc/profile &>/dev/null; then
    echo "export TMOUT=600" >> /etc/profile
fi
 
# 禁止root远程登录 切记给系统添加普通用户，给su到root的权限
sed -i 's/#PermitRootLogin yes/PermitRootLogin no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
 
# 禁止定时任务向发送邮件
sed -i 's/^MAILTO=root/MAILTO=""/' /etc/crontab 
 
# 设置最大打开文件数
if ! grep "* soft nofile 65535" /etc/security/limits.conf &>/dev/null; then
cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf << EOF
    * soft nofile 65535
    * hard nofile 65535
EOF
fi
 
# 系统内核优化
cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf << EOF
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 20480
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 20480
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 262144
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 20  
EOF
 
# 减少SWAP使用
echo "0" > /proc/sys/vm/swappiness

批量创建多个用户并设置密码

#!/bin/bash
USER_LIST=$@
USER_FILE=./user.info
for USER in $USER_LIST;do
 if ! id $USER &>/dev/null; then
  PASS=$(echo $RANDOM |md5sum |cut -c 1-8)
  useradd $USER
  echo $PASS | passwd --stdin $USER &>/dev/null
  echo "$USER   $PASS" >> $USER_FILE
  echo "$USER User create successful."
 else
  echo "$USER User already exists!"
 fi
done

一键查看服务器利用率

#!/bin/bash
function cpu(){
 
 util=$(vmstat | awk '{if(NR==3)print $13+$14}')
 iowait=$(vmstat | awk '{if(NR==3)print $16}')
 echo "CPU -使用率：${util}% ,等待磁盘IO相应使用率：${iowait}:${iowait}%"
 
}
function memory (){
 
 total=`free -m |awk '{if(NR==2)printf "%.1f",$2/1024}'`
    used=`free -m |awk '{if(NR==2) printf "%.1f",($2-$NF)/1024}'`
    available=`free -m |awk '{if(NR==2) printf "%.1f",$NF/1024}'`
    echo "内存 - 总大小: ${total}G , 使用: ${used}G , 剩余: ${available}G"
}
disk(){
 
 fs=$(df -h |awk '/^\/dev/{print $1}')
    for p in $fs; do
        mounted=$(df -h |awk '$1=="'$p'"{print $NF}')
        size=$(df -h |awk '$1=="'$p'"{print $2}')
        used=$(df -h |awk '$1=="'$p'"{print $3}')
        used_percent=$(df -h |awk '$1=="'$p'"{print $5}')
        echo "硬盘 - 挂载点: $mounted , 总大小: $size , 使用: $used , 使用率: $used_percent"
    done
 
}
function tcp_status() {
    summary=$(ss -antp |awk '{status[$1]++}END{for(i in status) printf i":"status[i]" "}')
    echo "TCP连接状态 - $summary"
}
cpu
memory
disk
tcp_status

找出占用CPU 内存过高的进程

#!/bin/bash
echo "-------------------CUP占用前10排序--------------------------------"
ps -eo user,pid,pcpu,pmem,args --sort=-pcpu  |head -n 10
echo "-------------------内存占用前10排序--------------------------------"
ps -eo user,pid,pcpu,pmem,args --sort=-pmem  |head -n 10

查看网卡的实时流量

#!/bin/bash
eth0=$1
echo  -e    "流量进入--流量传出    "
while true; do
 old_in=$(cat /proc/net/dev |grep $eth0 |awk '{print $2}')
 old_out=$(cat /proc/net/dev |grep $eth0 |awk '{print $10}')
 sleep 1
 new_in=$(cat /proc/net/dev |grep $eth0 |awk '{print $2}')
 new_out=$(cat /proc/net/dev |grep $eth0 |awk '{print $10}')
 in=$(printf "%.1f%s" "$((($new_in-$old_in)/1024))" "KB/s")
 out=$(printf "%.1f%s" "$((($new_out-$old_out)/1024))" "KB/s")
 echo "$in $out"
done

监控多台服务器磁盘利用率脚本

#!/bin/bash
HOST_INFO=host.info
for IP in $(awk '/^[^#]/{print $1}' $HOST_INFO); do
 #取出用户名和端口
    USER=$(awk -v ip=$IP 'ip==$1{print $2}' $HOST_INFO)
    PORT=$(awk -v ip=$IP 'ip==$1{print $3}' $HOST_INFO)
 #创建临时文件，保存信息
    TMP_FILE=/tmp/disk.tmp
 #通过公钥登录获取主机磁盘信息
    ssh -p $PORT $USER@$IP 'df -h' > $TMP_FILE
 #分析磁盘占用空间
    USE_RATE_LIST=$(awk 'BEGIN{OFS="="}/^\/dev/{print $NF,int($5)}' $TMP_FILE)
 #循环磁盘列表，进行判断
    for USE_RATE in $USE_RATE_LIST; do
  #取出等号（=）右边的值 挂载点名称
        PART_NAME=${USE_RATE%=*}  
  #取出等号（=）左边的值  磁盘利用率
        USE_RATE=${USE_RATE#*=}
  #进行判断
        if [ $USE_RATE -ge 80 ]; then
            echo "Warning: $PART_NAME Partition usage $USE_RATE%!"
    echo "服务器$IP的磁盘空间占用过高，请及时处理" | mail -s "空间不足警告" 你的qq@qq.com
  else
   echo "服务器$IP的$PART_NAME目录空间良好"
        fi
    done
done

批量检测网站是否异常并邮件通知

#!/bin/bash  
URL_LIST="www.baidu.com www.ctnrs.com www.der-matech.net.cn www.der-matech.com.cn www.der-matech.cn www.der-matech.top www.der-matech.org"
for URL in $URL_LIST; do
    FAIL_COUNT=0
    for ((i=1;i<=3;i++)); do
        HTTP_CODE=$(curl -o /dev/null --connect-timeout 3 -s -w "%{http_code}" $URL)
        if [ $HTTP_CODE -eq 200 ]; then
            echo "$URL OK"
            break
        else
            echo "$URL retry $FAIL_COUNT"
            let FAIL_COUNT++
        fi
    done
    if [ $FAIL_COUNT -eq 3 ]; then
        echo "Warning: $URL Access failure!"
  echo "网站$URL坏掉，请及时处理" | mail -s "$URL网站高危" 477666666@qq.com
    fi
done

监控MySQL主从同步状态是否异常脚本

#!/bin/bash  
HOST=localhost
USER=root
PASSWD=123.com
IO_SQL_STATUS=$(mysql -h$HOST -u$USER -p$PASSWD -e 'show slave status\G' 2>/dev/null |awk '/Slave_.*_Running:/{print $1$2}')
for i in $IO_SQL_STATUS; do
    THREAD_STATUS_NAME=${i%:*}
    THREAD_STATUS=${i#*:}
    if [ "$THREAD_STATUS" != "Yes" ]; then
        echo "Error: MySQL Master-Slave $THREAD_STATUS_NAME status is $THREAD_STATUS!" |mail -s "Master-Slave Staus" xxx@163.com
    fi
done

MySql数据库备份脚本

#分库备份
mysqldump -uroot -pxxx -B A > A.sql
#!/bin/bash
DATE=$(date +%F_%H-%M-%S)
HOST=localhost
USER=backup
PASS=123.com
BACKUP_DIR=/data/db_backup
DB_LIST=$(mysql -h$HOST -u$USER -p$PASS -s -e "show databases;" 2>/dev/null |egrep -v "Database|information_schema|mysql|performance_schema|sys")
 
for DB in $DB_LIST; do
    BACKUP_NAME=$BACKUP_DIR/${DB}_${DATE}.sql
    if ! mysqldump -h$HOST -u$USER -p$PASS -B $DB > $BACKUP_NAME 2>/dev/null; then
        echo "$BACKUP_NAME 备份失败!"
    fi
done

#分表备份
mysqldump -uroot -pxxx -A t > t.sql
#!/bin/bash
DATE=$(date +%F_%H-%M-%S)
HOST=localhost
USER=backup
PASS=123.com
BACKUP_DIR=/data/db_backup
DB_LIST=$(mysql -h$HOST -u$USER -p$PASS -s -e "show databases;" 2>/dev/null |egrep -v "Database|information_schema|mysql|performance_schema|sys")
 
for DB in $DB_LIST; do
    BACKUP_DB_DIR=$BACKUP_DIR/${DB}_${DATE}
    [ ! -d $BACKUP_DB_DIR ] && mkdir -p $BACKUP_DB_DIR &>/dev/null
    TABLE_LIST=$(mysql -h$HOST -u$USER -p$PASS -s -e "use $DB;show tables;" 2>/dev/null)
    for TABLE in $TABLE_LIST; do
        BACKUP_NAME=$BACKUP_DB_DIR/${TABLE}.sql 
        if ! mysqldump -h$HOST -u$USER -p$PASS $DB $TABLE > $BACKUP_NAME 2>/dev/null; then
            echo "$BACKUP_NAME 备份失败!"
        fi
    done
done

Nginx访问日志分析

#!/bin/bash
# 日志格式: $remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" $status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"
LOG_FILE=$1
echo "统计访问最多的10个IP"
awk '{a[$1]++}END{print "UV:",length(a);for(v in a)print v,a[v]}' $LOG_FILE |sort -k2 -nr |head -10
echo "----------------------"
 
echo "统计时间段访问最多的IP"
awk '$4>="[01/Dec/2018:13:20:25" && $4<="[27/Nov/2018:16:20:49"{a[$1]++}END{for(v in a)print v,a[v]}' $LOG_FILE |sort -k2 -nr|head -10
echo "----------------------"
 
echo "统计访问最多的10个页面"
awk '{a[$7]++}END{print "PV:",length(a);for(v in a){if(a[v]>10)print v,a[v]}}' $LOG_FILE |sort -k2 -nr
echo "----------------------"
 
echo "统计访问页面状态码数量"
awk '{a[$7" "$9]++}END{for(v in a){if(a[v]>5)print v,a[v]}}' $LOG_FILE |sort -k3 -nr

Nginx访问日志自动按天（周、月）切割

#!/bin/bash
#nginx日志目录
LOG_DIR=/www/server/nginx/logs
#获取到上一天的时间
YESTERDAY_TIME=$(date -d "yesterday" +%F)
#归档日志取时间
LOG_MONTH_DIR=$LOG_DIR/$(date +"%Y-%m")
#归档日志的名称
LOG_FILE_LIST="access.log"
 
for LOG_FILE in $LOG_FILE_LIST; do
    [ ! -d $LOG_MONTH_DIR ] && mkdir -p $LOG_MONTH_DIR
    mv $LOG_DIR/$LOG_FILE $LOG_MONTH_DIR/${LOG_FILE}_${YESTERDAY_TIME}
done
 
kill -USR1 $(cat $LOG_DIR/nginx.pid)

自动发布Java项目（Tomcat）

#!/bin/bash
DATE=$(date +%F_%T)
 
TOMCAT_NAME=$1
TOMCAT_DIR=/usr/local/$TOMCAT_NAME
ROOT=$TOMCAT_DIR/webapps/ROOT
 
BACKUP_DIR=/data/backup
WORK_DIR=/tmp
PROJECT_NAME=tomcat-java-demo
 
# 拉取代码
cd $WORK_DIR
if [ ! -d $PROJECT_NAME ]; then
   git clone https://github.com/lizhenliang/tomcat-java-demo
   cd $PROJECT_NAME
else
   cd $PROJECT_NAME
   git pull
fi
 
# 构建
mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
   echo "maven build failure!"
   exit 1
fi
 
# 部署
TOMCAT_PID=$(ps -ef |grep "$TOMCAT_NAME" |egrep -v "grep|$$" |awk 'NR==1{print $2}')
[ -n "$TOMCAT_PID" ] && kill -9 $TOMCAT_PID
[ -d $ROOT ] && mv $ROOT $BACKUP_DIR/${TOMCAT_NAME}_ROOT$DATE
unzip $WORK_DIR/$PROJECT_NAME/target/*.war -d $ROOT
$TOMCAT_DIR/bin/startup.sh

DOS攻击防范（自动屏蔽攻击IP）

#!/bin/bash
DATE=$(date +%d/%b/%Y:%H:%M)
#nginx日志
LOG_FILE=/usr/local/nginx/logs/demo2.access.log
#分析ip的访问情况
ABNORMAL_IP=$(tail -n5000 $LOG_FILE |grep $DATE |awk '{a[$1]++}END{for(i in a)if(a[i]>10)print i}')
for IP in $ABNORMAL_IP; do
    if [ $(iptables -vnL |grep -c "$IP") -eq 0 ]; then
        iptables -I INPUT -s $IP -j DROP
        echo "$(date +'%F_%T') $IP" >> /tmp/drop_ip.log
    fi
done

实时监控本机内存和硬盘剩余空间

#! /bin/bash
# 提取根分区剩余空间
disk_size=`df / | grep / | awk '{print $4}'`
# 提取内存剩余空间mem_size=`free -m | awk '/Mem/{print $4}'`
while:
do
# 注意 磁盘提取的数值单位为 kb、 内存提取的单位为 Mb
if [ "$disk_size" <= 512000 ];then
    mail -s Warning root << EOF
    / 分区容量低于 1000MB，请及时处理
    EOF
fi\

if [ "$mem_size" <= 500 ];then
    mail -s Warning root << EOF
    Mem 容量低于 500MB ，请及时处理    EOF
fi
done