R7

形容词：

1. important—crucial, critical, significant,  essential, vital

2. common—universal, ubiquitous

3. difficult—formidable, demanding

4. intermittent—periodical，at intervals

5. reckless—impertinent, pertinent, imprudent, careless

6. small—minor, insignificant, marginal, trivial;

7.famous—well-known, noted, renowned, nation-wide/worldwide reputation

be widely acknowledged/known

8. poor—needy ,impoverished, poverty-stricken

9: positive—favorable, rosy, promising, pleasurable

10: negative—unfavorable, adverse

11. beneficial—rewarding, helpful

12. inevitable—unavoidable

13. attractive—appeals to, exerts a tremendous fascination on sb

14. sensible—reasonable, rational, make sense

15. respective—each, separate

16. sufficient—enough，adequate

17. striking—obvious，distinct，prominent ; remarkable

18. intricate=complex, complicated, sophisticated,

19. an integral part of = indispensable, essential, critical

动词：

1. understand—discern, get to know

2. begin—commence, start

3. have—be equipped with, possess

4. know—be aware of, get acquainted with, be familiar with

5. show—demonstrate, manifest, reveal, suggest, indicate, reveal, imply

6. need—demand, require

7. cause—give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger

8. remember—bear in mind that

9. intensify—aggravate，worsen

10. sustain—maintain，keep

11. suffer—undergo, go through, subject to

12. protect—shelter, shield

13. intimidate—frighten, startle, terrify, scare,

14. restore—recover，regain

副词：

1. very—exceedingly, extremely, intensely, remarkably, noticeably

2. undoubtedly—with no doubt, without any doubt, out of question

3. often—frequently, from time to time

4. simultaneously=at the same time, concurrently, synchronously ; meanwhile

5. quickly—rapidly,promptly, instantly

6. sharply—drastically, dramatically

其他词性：

1. thing—affair ,business ,matter

2. before—prior to

3. if—in the event of, in case(of) ,on the condition that, suppose

4. now—at present,  at this moment, currently , for the time being

5.about—regarding, concerning, involving relating to, with respect to,

with reference to

6. people—characters, folks, persons, masses

7. many—an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of,

8. aspect—facet, demension, sphere, in terms of

9. stereotype=cliché, outdated idea

词组：

1. more and more+adj. — increasingly, gets growing+n.

more and more+n.=a growing number of , an increasing number of

Eg. sth. gets more and more popular=sth has gained growing popularity.

sth is increasingly popular

2. in the end—eventually, finally, ultimately

3. get many benefits— reap huge fruits

4. for my part—from my own perspective, in my opinion

5. little if anything— little or nothing, hardly any

6. reasons for sth—account for, contribute to, owe to, thanks to, because of, due to…

7. pay attention to—focus on, fix one’s eyes on

8. disagree with sth. — frown on sth, be against sth.,  object to sth.

9. for example —to name only a few, take…as an example, for instance

10. harbor the idea that—take the attitude that, hold the view that;

11. too many/much—excessive, a disproportionate number of

12. all the time—continually, continuously, constantly, perpetually

13. as a result—consequently, subsequently

14. may not—is not likely, not necessarily