「台风山竹」盘点外媒报道的相关表达

都在说台风「山竹」来了，那你知道为啥这个台风叫「山竹」吗，这和吃的有关系吗？我们先来涨涨知识。

据了解，台风是有一套预先制定的命名表的，命名表由世界气象组织的14个成员提出，一共有140个台风名称，一般情况下按顺序年复一年循环重复启用。

例如，中国大陆最新提出的10个名称是：海葵、悟空、玉兔、白鹿、风神、海神、杜鹃、电母、木兰、海棠。而此次的名称「山竹」是由泰国提供的，代表一种水果，英文为：Mangkhut。

有意思的是，如果某个名称带来了严重灾害，那么台风委员会可能就会选择将其除名，后续再换上替补名称。

2006年造成极大灾害的台风「榴莲」（Durian）被除名后，「山竹」便替补登场直至今天，不知此次的「山竹」会不会再次被除名...

下面我们来看看相关报道。

BBC：

Heavy rain and strong winds are lashing the south coast of China as Typhoon Mangkhutcloses in.

lash

表示“(风、雨、水等) 猛袭，猛击”，英文解释为“if the wind, sea etc lashes something, it hits it with violent force”，也可以指“鞭打，抽打”，

举个🌰：

Giant waves lashed the sea wall.

巨浪拍打着海堤。

The wind lashed violently against the door.

风猛烈吹打着大门。

Authorities in the heavily populated province of Guangdong have issued their highest warning level, a red alert.

人口密集/稀少

heavily populated：人口稠密、人口密集的，也可以说：thickly/densely populated

sparsely populated：人口稀少，人口稀疏的

The Guardian：

Typhoon Mangkhut killed at least 30 people in the Philippines as it obliterated homes and crops and caused massive flooding, and is now on course toplough into China's southern coast.

obliterate

表示“摧毁，毁灭”，英文解释为“If something obliterates an object or place, it destroys it completely.”

举个🌰：

Their warheads are enough to obliterate the world several times over.

他们的弹头足以摧毁这个世界好几次。

此外，obliterate也可以指“忘却，抹去〔想法、感情或记忆〕”，英文解释为“If you obliterate something such as a memory, emotion, or thought, you remove it completely from your mind.”，

举个🌰：

Nothing could obliterate the memory of those tragic events.

那些悲惨事件的记忆是无法抹去的。

plough into

plough用作动词，本意是“犁(地)，耕(地)”，英文解释为“When someone ploughs an area of land, they turn over the soil using a plough.”如：

a ploughed field 犁过的地

延申意思是“奋力前进”，plough through/up/across，如：

We ploughed through the thick mud.

我们在厚厚的淤泥中奋力前行。

而plough into sb/sth 可以指刹车不及“（车辆）猛撞上，撞上”

注意：plough为英式拼法，其美式拼法为：plow.

The storm, which was the strongest the region has seen this year, was not as ferocious as feared, though due to the remote areas where the typhoon hit, the full death toll and extent of the destruction is still unknown.

ferocious

ferocious /fə'rəʊʃəs,fəˋroʃəs/ 形容词，和fierce意思比较相近，可以表示“凶猛的，凶残的；可怕的”（violent, dangerous, and frightening），“狂暴的；猛烈的；使人不舒服的”（very strong, severe, and unpleasant），以及“〔感情〕十分强烈的”。

death toll

表示“〔事故、战争等的〕死亡总数，死亡人数”，英文解释为：the total number of people who die in an accident, war etc

如果你留心的话，在高速公路收费站附近还能发现toll一词的身影，它还可以表示“〔道路、桥梁等的〕通行费”，英文解释为“the money you have to pay to use a particular road, bridge etc”

By Sunday morning, it was hurtling towards China's heavily populated southern coast with winds of 177km/h (110mph). In Hong Kong, where the huge storm is expected to skirt just 100km (62 miles) south of the city, officials raised the storm alert to a T10, its highest level. Businesses have been boarded up and most flights cancelled.

hurtle towards

此处的hurtle towards和上文中BBC所表达的“plough into”意思相近，表示“飞速移动，快速落下，猛冲”（尤指巨大物体），如：

All of a sudden, a car came hurtling round the corner.

突然，一辆汽车从拐角处冲了出来。

board up

board up意思是“用木板封住”，If you board up a door or window, you fix pieces of wood over it so that it is covered up.

举个🌰：

Shopkeepers have boarded up their windows.

店主们已经用木板封住了他们的窗户。

Residents have been advised to stay indoors and away from windows or doors, and some have been evacuated from low-lying areas. High winds have already smashed windows, torn off parts of buildings and roofs, while storm surges have flooded hotels and restaurants.

low-lying areas

low-lying areas 低洼地带/地(区)

low-lying意思是“〔土地〕高出海面不多的，与海平面相齐的;，低洼的”

smash

smash有两个含义，一个是“粉碎；打碎；砸碎”，英文解释为“to break into pieces violently or noisily, or to make something do this by dropping, throwing, or hitting it”，与“break”类似，如：smash the windows.

另一个意思是“（使）猛撞，猛击，猛掷”，英文解释为：to hit an object or surface violently, or to make something do this，

举个🌰：

A stolen car smashed into the bus.

一辆被偷的汽车猛地撞上了公共汽车。

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来源：BBC & The Guardian

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