clustalw在window DOS窗口下，使用命令行。

简单使用clustalw进行全局比对的命令行如下：
长时间不用，总是忘记如何用，这里记录一下。

#最简单的用法，默认输出clustal格式的结果，input.aln和input.dnd
c:\clustalw2\clustalw2.exe  -INFILE=input.fas -ALIGN  -TYPE=PROTEIN
-INFILE=input.fas   是指定输入文件的名称
-ALIGN  是指做全局比对
-TYPE=PROTEIN  是指定输入文件的类型

#如果需要指定多序列比对的输出格式，使用参数
-OUTPUT=     :CLUSTAL(default), GCG, GDE, PHYLIP, PIR, NEXUS and FASTA

#如果需要将结果输出到指定的文件中
-OUTFILE=    :sequence alignment file name

！！！如果需要输出PHYLIP格式，需要特别注意的是：序列名称最长为10个字符，多的字符会被截断。

#更复杂的用法，请参考下面具体的帮助文件。

查看clustalw命令的帮助文件，使用命令

c:\clustalw2\clustalw2.exe /help

  CLUSTAL 2.1 Multiple Sequence Alignments


                DATA (sequences)

-INFILE=file.ext                             :input sequences.
-PROFILE1=file.ext  and  -PROFILE2=file.ext  :profiles (old alignment).


                VERBS (do things)

-OPTIONS            :list the command line parameters
-HELP  or -CHECK    :outline the command line params.
-FULLHELP           :output full help content.
-ALIGN              :do full multiple alignment.
-TREE               :calculate NJ tree.
-PIM                :output percent identity matrix (while calculating the tree)
-BOOTSTRAP(=n)      :bootstrap a NJ tree (n= number of bootstraps; def. = 1000).
-CONVERT            :output the input sequences in a different file format.


                PARAMETERS (set things)

***General settings:****
-INTERACTIVE :read command line, then enter normal interactive menus
-QUICKTREE   :use FAST algorithm for the alignment guide tree
-TYPE=       :PROTEIN or DNA sequences
-NEGATIVE    :protein alignment with negative values in matrix
-OUTFILE=    :sequence alignment file name
-OUTPUT=     :CLUSTAL(default), GCG, GDE, PHYLIP, PIR, NEXUS and FASTA
-OUTORDER=   :INPUT or ALIGNED
-CASE        :LOWER or UPPER (for GDE output only)
-SEQNOS=     :OFF or ON (for Clustal output only)
-SEQNO_RANGE=:OFF or ON (NEW: for all output formats)
-RANGE=m,n   :sequence range to write starting m to m+n
-MAXSEQLEN=n :maximum allowed input sequence length
-QUIET       :Reduce console output to minimum
-STATS=      :Log some alignents statistics to file

***Fast Pairwise Alignments:***
-KTUPLE=n    :word size
-TOPDIAGS=n  :number of best diags.
-WINDOW=n    :window around best diags.
-PAIRGAP=n   :gap penalty
-SCORE       :PERCENT or ABSOLUTE


***Slow Pairwise Alignments:***
-PWMATRIX=    :Protein weight matrix=BLOSUM, PAM, GONNET, ID or filename
-PWDNAMATRIX= :DNA weight matrix=IUB, CLUSTALW or filename
-PWGAPOPEN=f  :gap opening penalty
-PWGAPEXT=f   :gap opening penalty


***Multiple Alignments:***
-NEWTREE=      :file for new guide tree
-USETREE=      :file for old guide tree
-MATRIX=       :Protein weight matrix=BLOSUM, PAM, GONNET, ID or filename
-DNAMATRIX=    :DNA weight matrix=IUB, CLUSTALW or filename
-GAPOPEN=f     :gap opening penalty
-GAPEXT=f      :gap extension penalty
-ENDGAPS       :no end gap separation pen.
-GAPDIST=n     :gap separation pen. range
-NOPGAP        :residue-specific gaps off
-NOHGAP        :hydrophilic gaps off
-HGAPRESIDUES= :list hydrophilic res.
-MAXDIV=n      :% ident. for delay
-TYPE=         :PROTEIN or DNA
-TRANSWEIGHT=f :transitions weighting
-ITERATION=    :NONE or TREE or ALIGNMENT
-NUMITER=n     :maximum number of iterations to perform
-NOWEIGHTS     :disable sequence weighting


***Profile Alignments:***
-PROFILE      :Merge two alignments by profile alignment
-NEWTREE1=    :file for new guide tree for profile1
-NEWTREE2=    :file for new guide tree for profile2
-USETREE1=    :file for old guide tree for profile1
-USETREE2=    :file for old guide tree for profile2


***Sequence to Profile Alignments:***
-SEQUENCES   :Sequentially add profile2 sequences to profile1 alignment
-NEWTREE=    :file for new guide tree
-USETREE=    :file for old guide tree


***Structure Alignments:***
-NOSECSTR1     :do not use secondary structure-gap penalty mask for profile 1
-NOSECSTR2     :do not use secondary structure-gap penalty mask for profile 2
-SECSTROUT=STRUCTURE or MASK or BOTH or NONE   :output in alignment file
-HELIXGAP=n    :gap penalty for helix core residues
-STRANDGAP=n   :gap penalty for strand core residues
-LOOPGAP=n     :gap penalty for loop regions
-TERMINALGAP=n :gap penalty for structure termini
-HELIXENDIN=n  :number of residues inside helix to be treated as terminal
-HELIXENDOUT=n :number of residues outside helix to be treated as terminal
-STRANDENDIN=n :number of residues inside strand to be treated as terminal
-STRANDENDOUT=n:number of residues outside strand to be treated as terminal


***Trees:***
-OUTPUTTREE=nj OR phylip OR dist OR nexus
-SEED=n        :seed number for bootstraps.
-KIMURA        :use Kimura's correction.
-TOSSGAPS      :ignore positions with gaps.
-BOOTLABELS=node OR branch :position of bootstrap values in tree display
-CLUSTERING=   :NJ or UPGMA