网新关键词-众包

2017-12-28  本文已影响0人  wo_jzf

概念

“科普中国”百科科学词条编写与应用工作项目 审核

Crowdsourcing is a sourcing model[disambiguation needed] in which individuals or organizations obtain goods and services, including ideas and finances, from a large, relatively open and often rapidly-evolving group of internet users; it divides work between participants to achieve a cumulative result. The word crowdsourcing itself is a portmanteau of crowd and outsourcing, and was coined in 2005. As a mode of sourcing, crowdsourcing existed prior to the digital age (i.e. "offline").

众包是一个采购模式(需要消除歧义),个人或组织从一个相对开放,经常快速发展的互联网用户群体中获得商品和服务,包括想法和财务。它在参与者之间划分工作以实现累积结果。字众包本身是一个混成的人群和外包,并在2005年被创造出来如采购的一种模式,众包数字时代(即,“之前存在离线 ”)。

Major differences between crowdsourcing and outsourcing include features such as: crowdsourcing comes from a less-specific, more public group (i.e. whereas outsourcing is commissioned from a specific, named group) and; includes a mix of bottom-up and top-down processes. Advantages of using crowdsourcing may include improved costs, speed, quality, flexibility, scalability, or diversity.

众包与外包之间的主要差异包括以下特征:众包来自不太具体的,更公共的群体(即,外包是从一个特定的名称组委托的)包括自下而上和自上而下的混合流程。使用众包的优势可能包括成本,速度,质量,灵活性,可扩展性或多样性的改进。

Some forms of crowdsourcing, such as in "idea competitions" or "innovation contests" provide ways for organizations to learn beyond the "base of minds" provided by their employees (e.g. LEGO Ideas).Tedious "microtasks" performed in parallel by large, paid crowds (e.g. Amazon Mechanical Turk) are another form of crowdsourcing. It has also been used by not-for-profit organisations and to create common goods (e.g. Wikipedia). The effect of user communication and the platform presentation should be taken into account when evaluating the performance of ideas in crowdsourcing contexts.

某些形式的众包,如“创意比赛”或“创新比赛”为组织提供了超越员工提供的“思想基础”(例如乐高创意)的途径。庞大的付费人群(例如Amazon Mechanical Turk)同时执行的繁琐的“微任务” 是众包的另一种形式。它也被非营利组织使用,并创造共同的商品(如维基百科)。用户通信和平台展示的效果应该是评估的理念在众包的背景下表现时予以考虑。

众包的关键性原理:

众包的成功要素:

众包采用的管理模式:

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