示例
开言英语示例
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A. The 10,000 Hour Rule — popularized by pop psych writer Malcolm Gladwell in his book “Outliers”— may not be much of a rule at all.
一万小时定律，这个被流行心理作家Malcolm Gladwell在其《Outliers》一书中普及的概念，也许根本不是一条定律。
A. The principle holds that 10,000 hours of "deliberate practice" are needed to become world-class in any field.
这条理论指出在任何一个领域想达到世界一流水平，需要一万个小时的“刻意练习”。
A. When psychologists talk about deliberate practice, they mean practicing in a way that pushes your skill set as much as possible.
心理学家所说的刻意练习，指的就是尽全力让你的技术提升的练习方法。
A. In "Outliers," Gladwell argues that early access to getting 10,000 hours of practice allowed the Beatles to become the greatest band in history, thanks to playing all-night shows.
在《Outliers》一书中，Gladwell称，一万小时的练习，帮助披头士乐队成为世界上最伟大的乐队。这都归功于他们日以继夜的演出。
A. It also helped Bill Gates to become one of the richest men in the world, thanks to using a computer since his teen years.
一万小时定律也帮助比尔盖茨成为世界首富，这都归功于他在青少年时期大量使用电脑。
A. But a new Princeton study tears that theory down.
但是普林斯顿大学的一项新研究却推翻了这个理论。
A. In a meta-analysis of 88 studies on deliberate practice, the researchers found that practice accounted for just a 12% difference in performance in various domains.
在一项涵盖88个刻意练习的元数据分析中，研究者发现在不同领域，练习只占到最终表现的12%。
A. What's really surprising is how much it depends on the domain:
真正令人惊讶的是，练习的有用程度取决于具体是哪个领域：
A. • In sports, an 18% difference.
体育领域，练习的影响占18%。
A. • In education, a 4% difference.
教育，4%。
A. • In professions, just a 1% difference.
职业发展，只有1%。
A. The best explanation is probably found in another book "The Click Moment” by Frans Johansson.
另一本书：Frans Johansson所著的《The Click Moment》也许提供了背后的最佳答案。
A. In the book, Johansson argues that deliberate practice is only a predictor of success in fields that have super stable structures.
书中，Johansson称，刻意练习只在那些有着超稳定结构的领域里占主导作用。
A. For example, in tennis, chess, and classical music, the rules never change, so you can study up to become the best.
比如，在网球或古典音乐领域，规则不会改变，所以你能通过不断练习成为最优秀的选手或乐手。
A. But in less stable fields, like entrepreneurship and rock and roll, rules can go out the window.
然而，在那些不怎么稳定的领域，比如创业、或者摇滚乐，规则转瞬即变。
A. Mastery is more than just a matter of practice. There's no doubt that practice is important, but it’s just less important than what has been argued.
精通不光靠练习。当然，练习固然重要，但却没有我们所宣称的那么重要。
A. So the million-dollar question now is, what else matters?
所以最重要的问题来了：那还有什么是重要的？
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