获取View宽高

2019-12-25  本文已影响0人  Leon_hy

我们应用在获取控件宽高的时候,都是调用控件View.getWidth()、View.getHeight()获取,但是我们真正获取的时机是在什么时候呢?如果在onCreate()、onResume()的生命周期获取会怎么样呢??

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    val TAG = "LeonMainActivity"
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
        Log.d(TAG,"onCreate获取view的高度==="+tv_name.height)
         tv_name.post {
             Log.d(TAG,"post获取view的高度==="+tv_name.height)
         }
    }
    override fun onResume() {
        super.onResume()
        Log.d(TAG,"onResume获取view的高度==="+tv_name.height)
    }
}

运行结果如下:

2019-12-13 16:31:09.672 com.leon.view D/LeonMainActivity: onCreate获取view的高度===0
2019-12-13 16:31:09.694 com.leon.view D/LeonMainActivity: onResume获取view的高度===0
2019-12-13 16:31:10.017 com.leon.view D/LeonMainActivity: post获取view的高度===57

看到结果是不是很意外,我们再onCreate()、onResume()获取到的控件高度都是0,而使用post可以获取到正确的高度。下面我们根据源码来看为什么会这样。

我们知道View的显示经历了测量(measure)、布局(layout)、绘制(draw)这三步,控制只有测量完成以后才被设置宽高属性,所有我们在onCreate()和onResume()获取高度为0是因为没有进行绘制,那布局的绘制是在什么时候进行的我们要看下系统源码。

我们在android.app.ActivityThread.java 文件里面看到handleResumeActivity方法,先不管这个方法是什么时候调的,这一步后面在Activity的启动流程分析时再看

android.app.ActivityThread.java

@Override
public void handleResumeActivity(IBinder token, boolean finalStateRequest, boolean isForward, String reason) {
    //Activity的启动流程,会回调到Activity的onResume()生命周期
    final ActivityClientRecord r = performResumeActivity(token, finalStateRequest, reason);
    //省略。。。。。。
    
       if (r.window == null && !a.mFinished && willBeVisible) {
            r.window = r.activity.getWindow();
           //获取到DecorView,DecorView是页面的根布局包裹一个FrameLayout,我们的布局就是添加到这个布局的R.id.content
            View decor = r.window.getDecorView();
            decor.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
           //获取到WindowManager
            ViewManager wm = a.getWindowManager();
             //省略。。。。。。
            if (r.mPreserveWindow) {
                //ViewRootImpl是连接DecorView和WindowManager的桥梁,测量绘制都是在这个里面处理的
                ViewRootImpl impl = decor.getViewRootImpl();

            }
            if (a.mVisibleFromClient) {
                if (!a.mWindowAdded) {
                    a.mWindowAdded = true;  
                    wm.addView(decor, l);
                } else {
                    a.onWindowAttributesChanged(l);
                }
            }
            //省略。。。。。。
            WindowManager.LayoutParams l = r.window.getAttributes();
            if ((l.softInputMode
                    & WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_IS_FORWARD_NAVIGATION)
                    != forwardBit) {
                 //省略。。。。。。
                l.softInputMode = (l.softInputMode
                        & (~WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_IS_FORWARD_NAVIGATION))
                        | forwardBit;
                if (r.activity.mVisibleFromClient) {
                    ViewManager wm = a.getWindowManager();
                    View decor = r.window.getDecorView();
                    //此处就是更新布局的地方
                    wm.updateViewLayout(decor, l);
                }
            }
            //省略。。。。。。
       }
    

执行完onResume方法或会调用WindowManager的updateViewLayout方法,此处的WindowManager是WindowManagerImpl,我们到WindowManagerImpl里面查看updateViewLayout方法。

android.view.WindowManagerImpl
 @Override
    public void addView(@NonNull View view, @NonNull ViewGroup.LayoutParams params) {
        applyDefaultToken(params);
        mGlobal.addView(view, params, mContext.getDisplay(), mParentWindow);
    }

    @Override
    public void updateViewLayout(@NonNull View view, @NonNull ViewGroup.LayoutParams params) {
        applyDefaultToken(params);
        mGlobal.updateViewLayout(view, params);
    }

接下来到WindowManagerGlobal的updateViewLayout方法

android.view.WindowManagerGlobal.java

public void updateViewLayout(View view, ViewGroup.LayoutParams params) {
        if (view == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("view must not be null");
        }
        if (!(params instanceof WindowManager.LayoutParams)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Params must be WindowManager.LayoutParams");
        }
        final WindowManager.LayoutParams wparams = (WindowManager.LayoutParams)params;
        view.setLayoutParams(wparams);
        synchronized (mLock) {
            int index = findViewLocked(view, true);
            ViewRootImpl root = mRoots.get(index);
            mParams.remove(index);
            mParams.add(index, wparams);
            //ViewRootImpl设置
            root.setLayoutParams(wparams, false);
        }
    }

看到最后 ViewRootImpl类的setLayoutParams(wparams, false)

android.view.ViewRootImpl
1.进入ViewRootImpl
void setLayoutParams(WindowManager.LayoutParams attrs, boolean newView) {
            applyKeepScreenOnFlag(mWindowAttributes);

            if (newView) {
                mSoftInputMode = attrs.softInputMode;
                requestLayout();
            }
            // Don't lose the mode we last auto-computed.
            if ((attrs.softInputMode & WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_MASK_ADJUST)
                    == WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_ADJUST_UNSPECIFIED) {
                mWindowAttributes.softInputMode = (mWindowAttributes.softInputMode
                        & ~WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_MASK_ADJUST)
                        | (oldSoftInputMode & WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_MASK_ADJUST);
            }

            mWindowAttributesChanged = true;
            //开始进入绘制流程
            scheduleTraversals();
        }
    }
    
 2.调用mTraversalRunnable
 void scheduleTraversals() {
        if (!mTraversalScheduled) {
            mTraversalScheduled = true;
            mTraversalBarrier = mHandler.getLooper().getQueue().postSyncBarrier();
            mChoreographer.postCallback(
                    Choreographer.CALLBACK_TRAVERSAL, mTraversalRunnable, null);
            if (!mUnbufferedInputDispatch) {
                scheduleConsumeBatchedInput();
            }
            notifyRendererOfFramePending();
            pokeDrawLockIfNeeded();
        }
    }
3.执行doTraversal()方法 
 final class TraversalRunnable implements Runnable {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            doTraversal();
        }
    }
    final TraversalRunnable mTraversalRunnable = new TraversalRunnable();


4.执行doTraversal()方法
  void doTraversal() {
        if (mTraversalScheduled) {
            mTraversalScheduled = false;
            mHandler.getLooper().getQueue().removeSyncBarrier(mTraversalBarrier);
            if (mProfile) {
                Debug.startMethodTracing("ViewAncestor");
            }
            performTraversals();
            if (mProfile) {
                Debug.stopMethodTracing();
                mProfile = false;
            }
        }
    }

到最后的关键一步了performTraversals()

 private void performTraversals() {
        // cache mView since it is used so much below...
        final View host = mView;
          //省略。。。。。。
          performMeasure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
          //省略。。。。。。
          performLayout(lp, mWidth, mHeight);
          //省略。。。。。。
           performDraw();
 
 }

进行测量、布局、绘制三部曲,所以我们再onCreate()、onResume()获取不到宽高,因为测量就是在这两个生命周期之后,至于view.post(Runnable)为什么可以获取,下篇文章再分析

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