【现象级英语】每日一词11.20
equivalent n.
释义:someone or something that has the same size, value, importance, or meaning as someone or something else
“equivalent”可以是形容词也可以是名词,我们今天学习它的名词用法。“equivalent”在字典上的释义是“等同物”“对应物”,我们可以在口语或者写作中,用它来介绍他人可能不熟悉的概念或事物。
例① 你的老家是山西,对中国不熟悉的美国人可能没什么概念。想要让他快速对山西的地理位置有所了解
I am from Shanxi, China, the Chinese geographical equivalent of Ohio.(“我来自中国山西,在地理上相当于美国的俄亥俄州。”)
这就是“equivalent”好用之处,它能够帮助我们快速解释一件事的大概,让沟通更高效。当我们想表示“A 是 B 的对应物”“A 相当于 B”时就可以用到它。除了在介绍自己的老家时用“equivalent”屡试不爽外,在介绍一些中国的品牌、机构、现象的时候都可以用“equivalent”。
例②:
滴滴就是“the Chinese equivalent of Uber/Lyft”;
微博就是“the Chinese equivalent of Twitter”;
京东就是“the Chinese equivalent of Amazon”;
《梁祝》就是“the Chinese equivalent of Romeo and Juliet”;
深圳的南山区或者北京的中关村就是“the Chinese equivalent of Silicon Valley”
“equivalent”背后其实是一种换位思维,用对方较为熟悉的概念来帮助他们认识新事物。常见的格式是在 equivalent 前加一个形容词,表示“A在某方面与B相对应”。
例③ 《经济学人》在一篇讲俄罗斯电信的文章中就用到了两次 equivalent:
Mr Durov, who founded VK, Russia’s equivalent of Facebook, before emigrating, says Telegram has seen no significant drop in engagement. (一句话介绍了 VK 是什么:VK 就是俄罗斯的 Facebook。)
Russia has no equivalent of China’s automatic “great firewall”—it updates its blacklists manually—but such a possibility is “growing ever closer”, wrote Sarkis Darbinyan of Roskomsvoboda, a digital-rights group. (如果某物并没有对应物,我们就可以说 xx has no equivalent of…)
【作业】
1. 使用《牛津英语搭配词典》查“equivalent”,了解它作为名词时的常用搭配。
be equivalent to 相等[当]于…,等(同)于,与… 等效
exact/ nearest equivalent 完全相等的事物;最近似的事物
approximate equivalent 近似的东西
modern equivalent 现代的对等事物 the modern equivalent of the village inn
approximately, broadly, more or less, roughly 大约等同;大致等同
be equivalent in X to Y. 在X方面与Y等同
2. 翻译: 中国武侠小说作家金庸,常被人称为是中国的斯坦李。
Jin Yong, a writer of Chinese martial arts novels, is often considered as the Chinese equivalent of Stan Lee.
(参考翻译:Jin Yong is often regarded as the Chinese equivalent of Stan Lee. 或者 Jin Yong, a Chinese martial arts novelist, is widely regarded as the Chinese equivalent of Stan Lee, the legendary American comic book writer.)
3. 造句练习
场景: 中国的双十一,就相当于美国的黑五,在这一天,人们从淘宝购物可以享受特殊折扣。
造句: Double 11, China biggest shopping day, is the Chinese equivalent of Black Friday in America. People can enjoy a special discount when do online shopping on Taobao platform this day.