swift运算符
//=== 和 !==恒等运算符,用来比较地址
//??操作符,先对可选值进行拆包,如果不为 nil 返回操作符前面的值,如果为空返回后者。
struct Vecotor {
var x = 0, y = 0
}
//赋值运算符=和三目运算符不能被重载
//运算符重载
func - (left: Vecotor, right: Vecotor) -> Vecotor {
return Vecotor(x: left.x - right.x, y: left.y - right.y)
}
//重载复合运算符
func -= (inout left: Vecotor, right: Vecotor) {
left = left - right
}
//重载一元操作符,需要添加关键字prefix or postfix,prefix是操作符在前, postfix是操作符在后
prefix func - (vecotor: Vecotor) -> Vecotor {
return Vecotor(x: -vecotor.x, y: -vecotor.y)
}
//自定义操作符,需要使用operator关键字。使用prefix, infix or postfix标记运算符使用的位置。
prefix operator +++ {}
prefix func +++ (vecotor: Vecotor) -> Vecotor {
return Vecotor(x: vecotor.x + 1, y: vecotor.y + 1)
}
postfix operator +++ {}
postfix func +++ (vecotor: Vecotor) -> Vecotor {
return Vecotor(x: vecotor.x + 2, y: vecotor.y + 2)
}
infix operator +++ {}
func +++ (left: Vecotor, right: Vecotor) -> Vecotor {
return Vecotor(x: left.x + 3, y: right.y + 3)
}
//自定义操作符,可以定义操作符的关联性associativity和优先级precedence。associativity有三个值:left, right, none,默认是none。precedence默认值是:100。
/*
结合性 associativity
可取值范围 left,right和none
优先级 precedence
可取值范围 0~255
系统内置运算符结合性质及优先级
求幂相关(无结合,优先级160)
<< 按位左移(Bitwise left shift)
>> 按位右移(Bitwise right shift)
乘除法相关(左结合,优先级150)
* 乘
/ 除
% 求余
&* 乘法,忽略溢出( Multiply, ignoring overflow)
&/ 除法,忽略溢出(Divide, ignoring overflow) 🐂 除0得0
&% 求余, 忽略溢出( Remainder, ignoring overflow)
& 位与( Bitwise AND)
加减法相关(左结合, 优先级140)
+ 加
- 减
&+ Add with overflow
&- Subtract with overflow
| 按位或(Bitwise OR )
^ 按位异或(Bitwise XOR)
Range (无结合,优先级 135)
.. 半闭值域 Half-closed range
... 全闭值域 Closed range
类型转换 (无结合,优先级 132)
is 类型检查( type check)
as 类型转换( type cast)
<= 小于等于
>大于
>= 大于等于
== 等于
!= 不等
=== 恒等于
!== 不恒等
~= 模式匹配( Pattern match)
合取( Conjunctive) (左结合,优先级 120)
&& 逻辑与(Logical AND)
析取(Disjunctive) (左结合,优先级 110)
|| 逻辑或( Logical OR)
三元条件(Ternary Conditional )(右结合,优先级 100)
?: 三元条件 Ternary conditional
赋值 (Assignment) (右结合, 优先级 90)
= 赋值(Assign)
*= Multiply and assign
/= Divide and assign
%= Remainder and assign
+= Add and assign
-= Subtract and assign
<<= Left bit shift and assign
= Right bit shift and assign
&= Bitwise AND and assign
^= Bitwise XOR and assign
|= Bitwise OR and assign
&&= Logical AND and assign
||= Logical OR and assign
*/
infix operator +- {associativity left precedence 140}
func +-(left: Vecotor, right: Vecotor) -> Vecotor {
return Vecotor(x: left.x + right.x, y: left.y - right.y)
}
//example
let vecotor1 = Vecotor(x: 10, y: 15)
let vecotor2 = Vecotor(x: 5, y: 2)
let result1 = vecotor1 - vecotor2
result1.x
result1.y
let result2 = -result1
result2.x
result2.y
let result3 = result2+++
result3.x
result3.y
let result4 = result3 +- result2
result4.x
result4.y