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2020-08-26 Linux上安装oracle11G（Cen

2020-08-26  本文已影响0人  忆丶往

修改DNS（为了连接外网，使用wget）

vi /etc/resolv.conf

nameserver 114.114.114.114

安装wget

curl [http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo](http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo) >> /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

yum clean all

yum makecache

yum install wget

下载oracle

mkdir -p /home/soft/oracle

cd /home/soft

下载地址去官网点下载后查看, 因为AuthParam的值会失效, 得用最新的链接

wget -b -c --http-user=[767070765@qq.com](mailto:767070765@qq.com) --http-password=Zxc12345 --output-document=linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip "[https://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/oracle11g/R2/linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip?AuthParam=1564022768_ea88d208bc292327a1218af0de65371a](https://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/oracle11g/R2/linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip?AuthParam=1564022768_ea88d208bc292327a1218af0de65371a)"

wget -b -c --http-user=[767070765@qq.com](mailto:767070765@qq.com) --http-password=Zxc12345 --output-document=linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip "[http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/oracle11g/R2/linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip?AuthParam=1564016926_ab61e9a6581154e7c522f0c89affb295](http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/oracle11g/R2/linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip?AuthParam=1564016926_ab61e9a6581154e7c522f0c89affb295)"

安装依赖

yum -y install elfutils-libelf expat glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel pdksh gcc make binutils gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf-devel elfutils-libelf-devel-static ksh libaio libaio-devel numactl-devel sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel pcre-devel

修改hosts

vi /etc/hosts

添加本地ip

10.226.107.33 centos-oracle

关闭防火墙及SELinux

systemctl stop firewalld.service

systemctl disable firewalld.service

setenforce 0

新建oracle用户

groupadd oinstall;groupadd dba;useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

passwd oracle

修改内核参数

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

添加

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 1073741824

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

执行

sysctl -p

修改用户限制文件

vi /etc/security/limits.conf

添加

oracle           soft     nproc           2047

oracle           hard     nproc            16384

oracle           soft     nofile          1024

oracle           hard     nofile           65536

oracle           soft     stack           10240

修改登陆验证配置文件

vi /etc/pam.d/login

添加

session  required   /lib64/security/pam_limits.so

session  required   pam_limits.so

修改profile

vi /etc/profile

添加

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

           ulimit -p 16384

           ulimit -n 65536

    else

           ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

      fi

fi

创建安装目录

mkdir -p /home/soft/app/oracle/product/11.2.0

mkdir /home/soft/app/oracle/oradata

mkdir /home/soft/app/oracle/inventory

mkdir /home/soft/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area

chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/soft/app/oracle

chmod -R 775 /home/soft/app/oracle

设置oracle用户环境变量

su - oracle

vi .bash_profile

添加

ORACLE_BASE=/home/soft/app/oracle

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0

ORACLE_SID=orcl

PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PATH

执行

source .bash_profile

解压安装包

su - root

cd /home/soft

unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip -d /home/soft/oracle/

unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip -d /home/soft/oracle/

编辑安装响应文件

cd /home/soft/oracle/database/response/

cp -a db_install.rsp db_install.rsp.bak

vi db_install.rsp

修改相应位置配置

oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=centos-oracle

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall

INVENTORY_LOCATION=/home/soft/app/oracle/inventory

SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN

ORACLE_HOME=/home/soft/app/oracle/product/11.2.0

ORACLE_BASE=/home/soft/app/oracle

oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE

oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba

oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba

DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

静默安装

su - oracle

cd /home/soft/oracle/database

./runInstaller -silent -ignorePrereq -ignoreSysPrereqs -responseFile /home/soft/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp

tail -f /home/soft/app/oracle/inventory/logs/installActions2019-07-25_12-04-19PM.log

安装完成，提示Successfully Setup Software.

su - root

sh /home/soft/app/oracle/inventory/orainstRoot.sh

sh /home/soft/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/root.sh

配置监听

su - oracle

export DISPLAY=localhost:0.0

netca -silent -responseFile /home/soft/oracle/database/response/netca.rsp

netstat -tnulp | grep 1521

静默创建数据库

su - root

vi /home/soft/oracle/database/response/dbca.rsp

修改相应位置配置

GDBNAME = "orcl"   

SID = "orcl"       

SYSPASSWORD = "oracle"

SYSTEMPASSWORD = "oracle"

SYSMANPASSWORD = "oracle"

DBSNMPPASSWORD = "oracle"

DATAFILEDESTINATION =/home/soft/app/oracle/oradata

RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=/home/soft/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area

CHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK"

TOTALMEMORY = "1638"

su - oracle

dbca -silent -sysPassword oracle -systemPassword oracle -responseFile /home/soft/oracle/database/response/dbca.rsp

检查安装情况

lsnrctl status

sqlplus  / as sysdba

select * from v$database;

设置开机自启

su - root

vi /home/soft/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/dbstart

ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

vi /home/soft/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/dbshut

ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

vi /etc/oratab

orcl:/home/soft/app/oracle/product/11.2.0:Y

vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle

新增

#! /bin/bash

# oracle: Start/Stop Oracle Database 11g R2

#

# chkconfig: 345 90 10

# description: The Oracle Database is an Object-Relational Database Management System.

#

# processname: oracle

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

LOCKFILE=/var/lock/subsys/oracle

ORACLE_HOME=/home/soft/app/oracle/product/11.2.0

ORACLE_USER=oracle

case "$1" in

'start')

   if [ -f $LOCKFILE ]; then

      echo $0 already running.

      exit 1

   fi

   echo -n $"Starting Oracle Database:"

   su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start"

   su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart $ORACLE_HOME"

   su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl start dbconsole"

   touch $LOCKFILE

   ;;

'stop')

   if [ ! -f $LOCKFILE ]; then

      echo $0 already stopping.

      exit 1

   fi

   echo -n $"Stopping Oracle Database:"

   su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop"

   su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut"

   su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl stop dbconsole"

   rm -f $LOCKFILE

   ;;

'restart')

   $0 stop

   $0 start

   ;;

'status')

   if [ -f $LOCKFILE ]; then

      echo $0 started.

      else

      echo $0 stopped.

   fi

   ;;

*)

   echo "Usage: $0 [start|stop|status]"

   exit 1

esac

exit 0

cd /home/soft/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/

chmod 6751 oracle

cd /var/tmp

chown -R oracle:oinstall .oracle

systemctl enable oracle

手动启动

su - oracle

cd  $ORACLE_HOME/bin

 ./lsnrctl  

start

ctrl+c

sqlplus  / as sysdba

startup

出现错误

oracle ORA-12514:TNS:listener does not currently know of service requested in connect descriptor

问题原因：数据库实例没注册到listener

解决方法一：

su - oracle

cd  $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

在listener.ora里面添加了一行

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)

(SID_NAME = orcl)

)

)

测试可以正常使用（一步步来），以上仅供参考！！！

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