基于Arcgis绘制采样点地图
2020-11-24 本文已影响0人
flynnchan
参考:基于Arcgis绘制采样点地图 - 知乎(侵删致歉)
采样点经纬度信息(本例中以中国部分省会城市为例)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/b6239a5c9fac5900.jpg)
经纬度的格式
加载shp文件 (step by step)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/5a0bca4eb5be79bd.jpg)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/229898b7d3e11e2b.jpg)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/5f525d2176717718.jpg)
点击图中箭头可以改变地图样式
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/cb9c69c43e3dc74e.jpg)
论文中底图一般都是黑白
下面需要将城市经纬度(采样点)信息加载进来
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/f13cc89e4ced2617.jpg)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/dae32d53c86e1f88.jpg)
将Excel加载进来,注意输出路径
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/667fc3ae9d7cf718.jpg)
转换完成后,经纬度信息会自动在左边生成
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/9b02e52ef7a452fe.jpg)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/69df382bb4feab19.jpg)
注意,这里默认的是北京54坐标系,需要将更改成西安80,坐标系不同之处在于投影方式不同,如果坐标系不对,生成的图地理位置不一。
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/f7cfed2aaee4a363.jpg)
往下,选xian 1980
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/14b28bcbe1cef11d.jpg)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/383331a22bde03f1.jpg)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/ea71ba8010ec95f4.jpg)
到这一步,地图基本是这样
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/a876ee31b241ade1.jpg)
可以修改点的样式等
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/ad40146ffcf84688.jpg)
精修部分略过
后面就是出图部分,标准地图三要素:比例尺,指北针,图例
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/dc1dc2f830fbffbb.jpg)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/2580f04959124972.jpg)
默认的底图是竖立的,我一般喜欢横过来,下面将地图横向
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/e284e750ab791dab.jpg)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/4e7055bbb0aabf77.jpg)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/3b6e5b42b4bfb868.jpg)
上面一排可以放大,缩小等处理系列工具
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/7f3b2a2f8f3d4014.jpg)
底图横向
下面添加地图三要素
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/7b3a73d5e5fc8076.jpg)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/7870a1c21ed91e26.jpg)
双击图例后,修改样式,具体自己摸索吧
下面添加经纬度
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/3285d35e80a5a5ee.jpg)
选中底图,右击
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/ef2d112e97e81907.jpg)
然后一直NEXT到finish
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/519d3f2c208645d3.jpg)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/22723b0a32c48113.jpg)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/787483cd31801c3f.jpg)
修改样式
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/75892f21c65a5a10.jpg)
很多杂志都只保留左边和上面的经纬度,因此将右面和下面隐藏。箭头中的参数修改是否显示分和秒,因为中国地图尺度较大, 因此因此分和秒。见下图
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/c4b9ab8b32569245.jpg)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/87e9edfed7d75e59.jpg)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/6bcfce59f1e4398e.jpg)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/52eed4e2a9cce171.jpg)
以上就是成图,但是采样点的位置信息没有标出,我一般喜欢在PS中处理。最后就是输出。
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/b76325ce62d9e8e2.jpg)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24073668/30072dbb99e0a9fd.jpg)