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考研阅读计划6——1987 Text 3

2018-11-15  本文已影响3人  新海说

写在前面

Hi,我是新海,一个正在备战的考研人。
最近需要进行大量的考研专项阅读,于是萌生了一个翻译计划,准备翻译1986——2018年所有阅读,通过大量的阅读训练来熟悉考研单词,短语以及语法,更深刻理解考研阅读。

下面是我的第6篇,所有中文释义,均是由本人整理翻译,当然也有不够完善的地方,欢迎大家评论补充。


In science the meaning of the word “explain” suffers with civilization’s every step in search of reality. Science cannot really explain electricity, magnetism, and gravitation; their effects can be measured and predicted, but of their nature no more is known to the modern scientist than to Thales who first looked into the nature of the electrification of amber, a hard yellowish-brown gum.
在科学中,“解释”这个词的意义在于文明的每一步都在寻找现实。科学不能真正解释电、磁和万有引力;它们的影响是可以测量和预测的,但是现代科学家对其本质的了解并不比泰勒斯更多,泰勒斯首先研究了琥珀(一种坚硬的黄褐色树胶)带电的本质。

Most contemporary physicists reject the notion that man can ever discover what these mysterious forces “really” are. “Electricity,” Bertrand Russell says, “is not a thing, like St. Paul’s Cathedral; it is a way in which things behave.
大多数当代物理学家拒绝这样一种观念:人类可以发现这些神秘力量究竟是什么。“电,”Bertrand Russell说,“不是一个东西,像圣保罗大教堂,它是一种事物的行为方式。

When we have told how things behave when they are electrified, and under what circumstances they are electrified, we have told all there is to tell.” Until recently scientists would have disapproved of such an idea. Aristotle, for example, whose natural science dominated Western thought for two thousand years, believed that man could arrive at an understanding of reality by reasoning from self-evident principles. He felt, for example, that it is a self-evident principle that everything in the universe has its proper place, hence one can deduce that objects fall to the ground because that’s where they belong, and smoke goes up because that’s where it belongs.
当我们告诉他们事物如何在带电时,以及在什么情况下它们被带电时,我们告诉所有人都要告诉他们:“直到最近科学家们才不赞成这种想法。例如,亚里士多德的自然科学统治了二千年的西方思想,他相信人可以通过不言自明的原则来理解现实。例如,他觉得宇宙万物都有其适当的位置是不言而喻的原则,因此人们可以推断出物体落到地面是因为它们属于那里,而烟雾上升是因为它们属于那里。

The goal of Aristotelian science was to explain why things happen. Modern science was born when Galileo began trying to explain how things happen and thus originated the method of controlled experiment which now forms the basis of scientific investigation.
亚里士多德科学的目的是解释事情发生的原因。现代科学诞生于伽利略开始试图解释事物是如何发生的,从而创立了控制实验的方法,现在控制实验已经成为科学研究的基础。


写在最后

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作者:新海
11月15日晨

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