Nginx 安装、配置及常用指令

2018-04-03 本文已影响0人半夏半暖半倾城灬

一、Nginx 安装

系统平台：CentOS release 7.2 (Final) 64位。

通过yum安装

1.添加nginx的源

rpm -ivh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm

该命令执行之后，会在/etc/yum.respos.d下面多出一个nginx.repo

2.执行安装命令

yum install -y nginx

3.安装之后，可以查看nginx的默认安装目录

whereis nginx

nginx: /usr/sbin/nginx /usr/lib64/nginx /etc/nginx /usr/share/nginx /usr/share/man/man8/nginx.8.gz

pwd

/etc/yum.repos.d

4.以下是Nginx的默认路径：

(1) Nginx配置路径：/etc/nginx/

(2) PID目录：/var/run/nginx.pid

(3) 错误日志：/var/log/nginx/error.log

(4) 访问日志：/var/log/nginx/access.log

(5) 默认站点目录：/usr/share/nginx/html

5.测试指令

nginx 启动

nginx -t 测试命令

参考：https://my.oschina.net/andyfeng/blog/1634805

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通过安装包安装

一、安装编译工具及库文件

yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool openssl openssl-devel

二、首先要安装 PCRE

PCRE 作用是让 Nginx 支持 Rewrite 功能。

1、下载 PCRE 安装包，下载地址：http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz

[root@bogon src]# wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz

2、解压安装包:

[root@bogon src]# tar zxvf pcre-8.35.tar.gz

3、进入安装包目录

[root@bogon src]# cd pcre-8.35

4、编译安装

[root@bogon pcre-8.35]# ./configure[root@bogon pcre-8.35]# make && make install

5、查看pcre版本

[root@bogon pcre-8.35]# pcre-config --version

安装 Nginx

1、下载 Nginx，下载地址：http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.9.tar.gz

[root@bogon src]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.9.tar.gz

2、解压安装包

[root@bogon src]# tar zxvf nginx-1.9.9.tar.gz

3、进入安装包目录

[root@bogon src]# cd nginx-1.9.9

4、编译安装

[root@bogon nginx-1.9.9]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.35

[root@bogon nginx-1.9.9]# make[root@bogon nginx-1.9.9]# make install

5、查看nginx版本

[root@bogon nginx-1.9.9]# /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -v

到此，nginx安装完成。

二、Nginx 配置

创建 Nginx 运行使用的用户 www：

[root@bogon conf]# /usr/sbin/groupadd www

[root@bogon conf]# /usr/sbin/useradd -g www www

配置nginx.conf ，将/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf替换为以下内容

[root@bogon conf]# vim /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

user www www;

worker_processes 1;

error_log logs/error.log;

error_log logs/error.log notice;

error_log logs/error.log info;

pid logs/nginx.pid;

events {

worker_connections 1024;

}

http {

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

access_log logs/access.log main;

sendfile on;

tcp_nopush on;

#keepalive_timeout 0;

keepalive_timeout 65;

gzip on;

include conf.d/*.conf;

server {

listen 80;

server_name localhost;

#charset koi8-r;

#access_log logs/host.access.log main;

location / {

root html;

index index.html index.htm;

}

#error_page 404 /404.html;

# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html

#

error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;

location = /50x.html {

root html;

}

# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80

#

#location ~ \.php$ {

# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;

#}

# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000

#

#location ~ \.php$ {

# root html;

# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

# fastcgi_index index.php;

# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;

# include fastcgi_params;

#}

# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root

# concurs with nginx's one

#

#location ~ /\.ht {

# deny all;

#}

}

# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration

#

#server {

# listen 8000;

# listen somename:8080;

# server_name somename alias another.alias;

# location / {

# root html;

# index index.html index.htm;

# }

#}

# HTTPS server

#

#server {

# listen 443 ssl;

# server_name localhost;

# ssl_certificate cert.pem;

# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;

# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;

# ssl_session_timeout 5m;

# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;

# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

# location / {

# root html;

# index index.html index.htm;

# }

#}

}

创建conf.d文件夹

mkdir confi.d

指定配置文件地址

/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

增加环境变量

vim /etc/profile

添加 export PATH=/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx

使环境变量生效

source /etc/profile

执行 nginx -v，出现nginx版本及配置成功

执行 nginx -s start，启动服务

三、nginx常用指令

nginx -s start #启动nginx

nginx -s reload # 重新载入配置文件

nginx -s reopen # 重启 Nginx

nginx -s stop # 停止 Nginx