动态权限

/**
 * 动态获取权限，Android 6.0 新特性，一些保护权限，除了要在 AndroidManifest 中声明权限，
 * 还要使用如下代码动态获取
 */
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 23) {
    int REQUEST_CODE_CONTACT = 101;
    // 可以在 String[] 数组中继续添加需要的权限
    String[] permissions = {Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE};
    // 验证是否许可权限
    for (String str : permissions) {
        if (this.checkSelfPermission(str) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            // 申请权限
            this.requestPermissions(permissions, REQUEST_CODE_CONTACT);
            return;
        }
    }
}

实际使用
BaseActivity 中

public class BaseActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private static final int REQUEST_CODE = 1024;
    ......
    /**
     * 权限请求结果回调
     *
     * @param requestCode
     * @param permissions
     * @param grantResults
     */
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions,
                                           @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        boolean hasAllGranted = true;
        StringBuilder permissionName = new StringBuilder();
        for (String s : permissions) {
            permissionName = permissionName.append(s + "\r\n");
        }
        switch (requestCode) {
            case REQUEST_CODE: {
                for (int i = 0; i < grantResults.length; ++i) {
                    if (grantResults[i] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {
                        hasAllGranted = false;
                        // 在用户已经拒绝授权的情况下，如果 shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale 返回 false 则
                        // 可以推断出用户选择了“不在提示”选项，在这种情况下需要引导用户至设置页手动授权
                        if (!ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, permissions[i])) {
                            new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
                                    .setMessage(getResources().getString(R.string.permission_hint)
                                            + permissionName
                                            + getResources().getString(R.string.empower_hint))
                                    .setPositiveButton(getResources().getString(R.string.to_empower),
                                            new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                                                @Override
                                                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                                                    Intent intent =
                                                            new Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
                                                    Uri uri = Uri.fromParts("package",
                                                            getApplicationContext().getPackageName(),
                                                            null);
                                                    intent.setData(uri);
                                                    startActivity(intent);
                                                }
                                            })
                                    .setNegativeButton(getResources().getString(R.string.cancel),
                                            new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                                                @Override
                                                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                                                    mRequestPermissionCallBack.denied();
                                                }
                                            }).setOnCancelListener(new DialogInterface.OnCancelListener() {
                                @Override
                                public void onCancel(DialogInterface dialog) {
                                    mRequestPermissionCallBack.denied();
                                }
                            }).show();

                        } else {
                            // 用户拒绝权限请求，但未选中“不再提示”选项
                            mRequestPermissionCallBack.denied();
                        }
                        break;
                    }
                }
                if (hasAllGranted) {
                    mRequestPermissionCallBack.granted();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 发起权限请求
     *
     * @param context
     * @param permissions
     * @param callback
     */
    public void requestPermissions(final Context context, final String[] permissions,
                                   RequestPermissionCallBack callback) {
        this.mRequestPermissionCallBack = callback;
        StringBuilder permissionNames = new StringBuilder();
        for (String s : permissions) {
            permissionNames = permissionNames.append(s + "\r\n");
        }
        // 如果所有权限都已授权，则直接返回授权成功,只要有一项未授权，则发起权限请求
        boolean isAllGranted = true;
        for (String permission : permissions) {
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, permission) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {
                isAllGranted = false;

                if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale((Activity) context, permission)) {
                    new AlertDialog.Builder(context)
                            .setMessage(getResources().getString(R.string.permission_apply_hint)
                                    + permissionNames
                                    + getResources().getString(R.string.permission_allow_hint))
                            .setPositiveButton(getResources().getString(R.string.confirm),
                                    new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                                        @Override
                                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                                            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(((Activity) context), permissions,
                                                    REQUEST_CODE);
                                        }
                                    }).show();
                } else {
                    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(((Activity) context), permissions, REQUEST_CODE);
                }

                break;
            }
        }
        if (isAllGranted) {
            mRequestPermissionCallBack.granted();
            return;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 权限请求结果回调接口
     */
    public interface RequestPermissionCallBack {
        /**
         * 同意授权
         */
        public void granted();

        /**
         * 取消授权
         */
        public void denied();
    }

在打开 APP 后的第一个 Activity 中使用：

public class WelcomeActivity extends BaseActivity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_welcome_layout);

        context = this;

        requestMultiPermission();

    }

    /**
     * 统一的程序权限控制入口
     */
    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN)
    public void requestMultiPermission() {
        // 需要动态申请的权限往 String[] 里加，并且别忘了在清单文件里也需要加权限
        String[] permissions = new String[] {
                Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,
                Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION,
                Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE,
                Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO,
                Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE};
        requestPermissions(this, permissions,
                new RequestPermissionCallBack() {
                    @Override
                    public void granted() {
                        // 请求权限成功后进行的操作
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void denied() {
                        // 请求权限失败后进行的操作
                    }
                });
    }
}

上面代码中用到的一些字符串：

<resources xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">

    <string name="permission_hint" tools:ignore="ExtraTranslation">
        【用户选择了不在提示按钮，或者系统默认不在提示（如MIUI）。引导用户到应用设置页去手动授权,注意提示用户具体需要哪些权限】\r\n获取相关权限失败:\r\n
    </string>
    <string name="empower_hint">将导致部分功能无法正常使用，需要到设置页面手动授权</string>
    <string name="to_empower">去授权</string>
    <string name="permission_apply_hint">警告：\n您好，需要如下权限：\n</string>
    <string name="permission_allow_hint">请允许，否则将影响部分功能的正常使用。</string>
    <string name="get_permission_failed_hint">获取权限失败，正常功能受到影响，退出程序</string>
    <string name="cancel">取消</string>
    <string name="confirm">确认</string>

</resources>