Springcloud框架学习笔记

Rest微服务构建案例工程

2020-10-19  本文已影响0人  gona

Rest微服务构建案例工程

创建Maven工程，引入相关的依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>jgnspringcloud</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <!-- 打包方式 pom -->
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <properties>
        <!-- 将版本号提取出来，当需要修改版本号时，修改这里就可以了 -->
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <lombok.version>1.18.12</lombok.version>
        <log4j.version> 1.2.14</log4j.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!-- SpringCloud依赖 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Hoxton.SR1</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>

            <!-- SpringBoot -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.2.6.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>

            <!--数据库-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>8.0.13</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.1</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- SpringBoot 启动器 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>2.1.2</version>
            </dependency>

            <!-- logback、junit、log4j用来进行日志测试-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
                <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.3</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- junit单元测试-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>${junit.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- log4j -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                <version>${log4j.version}</version>
            </dependency>

            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <version>${lombok.version}</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
</project>

创建model

2.png

配置api项目的依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>jgnspringcloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.jgn</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

在api项目下创建测试实体类Debt

package com.jgn.springcloud.eneity;

import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.experimental.Accessors;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * 实体类实现序列化
 * 将实体类与表完成类表关系映射
 * api只管实体类
 */
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@Accessors(chain = true)/*链式写法*/
/*
 链式写法
 Dept dept = new Dept();
 dept.setDeptNo(11).setDname("211").setDb_source("sd")
 */
public class Dept implements Serializable {

    private Long deptno;
    private String dname;

    // 判断数据是存在那个数据库的字段
    // 微服务可以是一个服务对应一个数据库，同一个信息可能存在不同的数据库
    private String db_source;

    public Dept(String dname){
        this.dname = dname;
    }
}

配置provider-dept，提供者子项目的依赖文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>jgnspringcloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.jgn</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>springcloud-provider</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
    <!-- 第一拿到实体类 配置api module-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.jgn</groupId>
            <artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>


    <!-- 当期的Module自己需要的依赖，如果父依赖中已经配置了版本这里就不用写了 -->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--由于这些依赖是交给总的pom管理的所以，不需要加依赖版本号-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>

        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--因为在父依赖引入了spring-boot的核心，所以在这里可以直接导入springboot中的依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- tomcat -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--jetty,与tomcat相似，-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 热部署工具 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

服务提供者

创建用来测试的数据库

-- auto-generated definition
create table dept
(
    deptno    bigint auto_increment
        primary key,
    dname     varchar(60) null,
    db_source varchar(60) null
)
    comment '部门表';

创建Dao层接口

package com.jgn.springcloud.dao;

import com.jgn.springcloud.eneity.Dept;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.List;

@Mapper
@Repository
public interface DeptDao {

    public boolean addDept(Dept dept);

    public Dept queryById(Long id);

    public List<Dept> queryAll();
}

在resources资源文件夹中创建application.yml文件对mybaits、server、spring进行配置，进行数据库连接。

server:
  port: 8001
#mybaits配置
mybatis:
  type-aliases-package: com.jgn.springcloud.eneity
  config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xml
  mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml
#spring配置
spring:
  application:
    name: springcloud-provider-dept
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource #数据源
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver #org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db01?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC
    username: root
    password: 12345

创建mapper包，根据实体类创建DeptMapper.xml文件，与dao层的对应接口进行绑定，并编写sql语句

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<!-- 绑定 -->
<mapper namespace="com.jgn.springcloud.dao.DeptDao">
    <insert id="addDept" parameterType="Dept"><!-- insert可以不要返回值 -->
        insert into dept(name,db_source)
        values (#{dname} ,DATABASE());
    </insert>

    <select id="queryById" resultType="Dept" parameterType="Long">
        select * from dept where deptno =#{id};
    </select>
    <select id="queryAll" resultType="Dept" >
        select * from dept;
    </select>
</mapper>

可选操作：创建mybatis-config.xml文件用来配置开启二级缓存

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">

<configuration>
    <settings>
        <!--二级缓存-->
        <setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>
    </settings>
</configuration>

编写service层代码用来实现对mapper层（Dao层）的方法进行封装

package com.jgn.springcloud.service;

import com.jgn.springcloud.eneity.Dept;

import java.util.List;

public interface DeptService {
    public boolean addDept(Dept dept);

    public Dept queryById(Long id);

    public List<Dept> queryAll();

}

package com.jgn.springcloud.service;

import com.jgn.springcloud.dao.DeptDao;
import com.jgn.springcloud.eneity.Dept;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;

@Service
public class DeptServiceImpl implements DeptService{

    @Autowired
    private DeptDao deptDao;

    @Override
    public boolean addDept(Dept dept) {


        return deptDao.addDept(dept);
    }

    @Override
    public Dept queryById(Long id) {
        return deptDao.queryById(id);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Dept> queryAll() {
        return deptDao.queryAll();
    }
}

编写controller层通过调用service层的方法来获取数据返回到客户端展示

package com.jgn.springcloud.controller;

import com.jgn.springcloud.eneity.Dept;
import com.jgn.springcloud.service.DeptService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 提供restful服务
 */
@RestController
public class DeptController {

    @Autowired
    private DeptService deptService;

    @PostMapping("/dept/add")
    public boolean addDept(Dept dept){
        return deptService.addDept(dept);
    }

    @GetMapping("/dept/get/{id}")
    public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
        return deptService.queryById(id);
    }

    @GetMapping("/dept/list")
    public List<Dept> queryAll(){
        return deptService.queryAll();
    }

}

创建子项目的SpringBoot启动类

package com.jgn.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DeptProvider_8001 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DeptProvider_8001.class,args);
    }
}

测试

3.png

服务消费者

创建一个maven的module，配置pom文件的依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>jgnspringcloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.jgn</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>springcloud-consumer-dept-80</artifactId>
    <!--实体类+web-->
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.jgn</groupId>
            <artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

配置端口号

server:
  port: 80

在该子项目中没有service层，需要通过HTTP服务远程访问的远程地址，通过地址来拿到需要的数据。

消费者通过地址来获取提供者在数据库中拿到的数据。

package com.jgn.springcloud.controller;

import com.jgn.springcloud.eneity.Dept;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import java.util.List;

@RestController
public class DeptConsumerController {

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;// 提供多种便捷访问远程HTTP服务的方法，简单的restful服务模板
    // (url,实体：Map,Class<T> responseType)
    private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX = "http://localhost:8001";

    @RequestMapping("/consumer/dept/get/{id}")
    public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
        // 通过连接来拿需要的数据
        return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"//dept/get/"+id,Dept.class);
    }

    @RequestMapping("/consumer/dept/add")
    public boolean add(Dept dept){
        return restTemplate.postForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"//dept/add",dept,Boolean.class);

    }

    @RequestMapping("/consumer/dept/list")
    public List<Dept> list(){
        return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"//dept/list",List.class);
    }

}

在测试时，因为这里没有配置热部署，要先启动提供者，再启动消费者。

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