命令行操控音频
2021-04-25 本文已影响0人
coder_feng
我记得之前想裁剪点音视频的时候，都是通过第三方桌面剪辑软件操控的，现在我们可以通过命令行来玩一下
1命令简介
Snip20210425_5.png
可以看到在我的电脑上面关于FFmpeg的命令有3个比较重要的，分别是ffmpeg,ffplay,ffprobe
1.1 ffmpeg 的使用
ffmpeg 的主要作用：对音视频解析编解码
举个例子，通过ffmpeg 可以将mp3 格式的转成wav文件格式
ffmpeg -i xx.mp3 yy.wav
可以通过ffmpeg -h 、ffmpeg -h long、ffmpeg -h full 来查看
yper fast Audio and Video encoder
usage: ffmpeg [options] [[infile options] -i infile]... {[outfile options] outfile}...
Getting help:
-h -- print basic options
-h long -- print more options
-h full -- print all options (including all format and codec specific options, very long)
-h type=name -- print all options for the named decoder/encoder/demuxer/muxer/filter/bsf/protocol
See man ffmpeg for detailed description of the options.
稍微解释一下
- options: 全局参数
- infile options: 输入文件参数
- infile: 输入文件
- outfile options: 输出文件参数
- outfile: 输出文件
更加详细的操作指令，可以参考官方链接ffmpeg指令
1.2 ffprobe
ffprobe 的主要作用：查看音视频的参数信息
songlin@feng-sl /usr/local/bin master ± ffprobe
ffprobe version 4.3.2 Copyright (c) 2007-2021 the FFmpeg developers
built with Apple clang version 12.0.0 (clang-1200.0.32.29)
configuration: --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/ffmpeg/4.3.2_4 --enable-shared --enable-pthreads --enable-version3 --enable-avresample --cc=clang --host-cflags= --host-ldflags= --enable-ffplay --enable-gnutls --enable-gpl --enable-libaom --enable-libbluray --enable-libdav1d --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-librav1e --enable-librubberband --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsrt --enable-libtesseract --enable-libtheora --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-lzma --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-frei0r --enable-libass --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libspeex --enable-libsoxr --enable-libzmq --enable-libzimg --disable-libjack --disable-indev=jack --enable-videotoolbox
libavutil 56. 51.100 / 56. 51.100
libavcodec 58. 91.100 / 58. 91.100
libavformat 58. 45.100 / 58. 45.100
libavdevice 58. 10.100 / 58. 10.100
libavfilter 7. 85.100 / 7. 85.100
libavresample 4. 0. 0 / 4. 0. 0
libswscale 5. 7.100 / 5. 7.100
libswresample 3. 7.100 / 3. 7.100
libpostproc 55. 7.100 / 55. 7.100
Simple multimedia streams analyzer
usage: ffprobe [OPTIONS] [INPUT_FILE]
You have to specify one input file.
Use -h to get full help or, even better, run 'man ffprobe'.
更多详细用法也可以参考ffprobe官方链接
1.3ffplay
ffplay的主要作用：播放音视频
ffplay xxx.mp3
✘ songlin@feng-sl /usr/local/bin master ± ffplay
ffplay version 4.3.2 Copyright (c) 2003-2021 the FFmpeg developers
built with Apple clang version 12.0.0 (clang-1200.0.32.29)
configuration: --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/ffmpeg/4.3.2_4 --enable-shared --enable-pthreads --enable-version3 --enable-avresample --cc=clang --host-cflags= --host-ldflags= --enable-ffplay --enable-gnutls --enable-gpl --enable-libaom --enable-libbluray --enable-libdav1d --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-librav1e --enable-librubberband --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsrt --enable-libtesseract --enable-libtheora --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-lzma --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-frei0r --enable-libass --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libspeex --enable-libsoxr --enable-libzmq --enable-libzimg --disable-libjack --disable-indev=jack --enable-videotoolbox
libavutil 56. 51.100 / 56. 51.100
libavcodec 58. 91.100 / 58. 91.100
libavformat 58. 45.100 / 58. 45.100
libavdevice 58. 10.100 / 58. 10.100
libavfilter 7. 85.100 / 7. 85.100
libavresample 4. 0. 0 / 4. 0. 0
libswscale 5. 7.100 / 5. 7.100
libswresample 3. 7.100 / 3. 7.100
libpostproc 55. 7.100 / 55. 7.100
Simple media player
usage: ffplay [options] input_file
An input file must be specified
Use -h to get full help or, even better, run 'man ffplay'
更详细的使用信息可以参考ffplay官方链接
另外有一个叫做hide_banner 的指令可以避免输出一些冗余信息，如下面所示
✘ songlin@feng-sl /usr/local/bin master ± ffprobe /Users/songlin/Music/网易云音乐/Various\ Artists\ -\ The\ Green\ Grass\ Grew\ All\ Around.mp3
ffprobe version 4.3.2 Copyright (c) 2007-2021 the FFmpeg developers
built with Apple clang version 12.0.0 (clang-1200.0.32.29)
configuration: --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/ffmpeg/4.3.2_4 --enable-shared --enable-pthreads --enable-version3 --enable-avresample --cc=clang --host-cflags= --host-ldflags= --enable-ffplay --enable-gnutls --enable-gpl --enable-libaom --enable-libbluray --enable-libdav1d --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-librav1e --enable-librubberband --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsrt --enable-libtesseract --enable-libtheora --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-lzma --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-frei0r --enable-libass --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libspeex --enable-libsoxr --enable-libzmq --enable-libzimg --disable-libjack --disable-indev=jack --enable-videotoolbox
libavutil 56. 51.100 / 56. 51.100
libavcodec 58. 91.100 / 58. 91.100
libavformat 58. 45.100 / 58. 45.100
libavdevice 58. 10.100 / 58. 10.100
libavfilter 7. 85.100 / 7. 85.100
libavresample 4. 0. 0 / 4. 0. 0
libswscale 5. 7.100 / 5. 7.100
libswresample 3. 7.100 / 3. 7.100
libpostproc 55. 7.100 / 55. 7.100
Input #0, mp3, from '/Users/songlin/Music/网易云音乐/Various Artists - The Green Grass Grew All Around.mp3':
Metadata:
encoder : Lavf56.4.101
disc : 1
track : 10
artist : Various Artists
comment : 163 key(Don't modify):L64FU3W4YxX3ZFTmbZ+8/ZcfTzfN1xHT6iwZxsZZXgemKny6LV6u/V8mlF23vdviS3CcD/EnUZGP30CsQAX/wNC/tMz+O+OHyvBRMGis70PeMNdV7GK3IA4bOKUvLKUYgTTAZ+ZK1ItDyq0PeLRSrkK2aLoiZydpNDBG1Wvq3xz50f3qIUs2Ww+7sM4thBwbZMHLLLuN3UNzTzgfxS3nlcCnLq73GuUUzO3GIOmIU
title : The Green Grass Grew All Around
album : 迪士尼最爱儿歌系列1
Duration: 00:03:44.99, start: 0.025056, bitrate: 327 kb/s
Stream #0:0: Audio: mp3, 44100 Hz, stereo, fltp, 320 kb/s
Stream #0:1: Video: mjpeg (Baseline), yuvj444p(pc, bt470bg/unknown/unknown), 500x500 [SAR 72:72 DAR 1:1], 90k tbr, 90k tbn, 90k tbc (attached pic)
Metadata:
comment : Other
songlin@feng-sl /usr/local/bin master ± ffprobe /Users/songlin/Music/网易云音乐/Various\ Artists\ -\ The\ Green\ Grass\ Grew\ All\ Around.mp3
✘ songlin@feng-sl /usr/local/bin master ± ffprobe -hide_banner /Users/songlin/Music/网易云音乐/Various\ Artists\ -\ The\ Green\ Grass\ Grew\ All\ Around.mp3
Input #0, mp3, from '/Users/songlin/Music/网易云音乐/Various Artists - The Green Grass Grew All Around.mp3':
Metadata:
encoder : Lavf56.4.101
disc : 1
track : 10
artist : Various Artists
comment : 163 key(Don't modify):L64FU3W4YxX3ZFTmbZ+8/ZcfTzfN1xHT6iwZxsZZXgemKny6LV6u/V8mlF23vdviS3CcD/EnUZGP30CsQAX/wNC/tMz+O+OHyvBRMGis70PeMNdV7GK3IA4bOKUvLKUYgTTAZ+ZK1ItDyq0PeLRSrkK2aLoiZydpNDBG1Wvq3xz50f3qIUs2Ww+7sM4thBwbZMHLLLuN3UNzTzgfxS3nlcCnLq73GuUUzO3GIOmIU
title : The Green Grass Grew All Around
album : 迪士尼最爱儿歌系列1
Duration: 00:03:44.99, start: 0.025056, bitrate: 327 kb/s
Stream #0:0: Audio: mp3, 44100 Hz, stereo, fltp, 320 kb/s
Stream #0:1: Video: mjpeg (Baseline), yuvj444p(pc, bt470bg/unknown/unknown), 500x500 [SAR 72:72 DAR 1:1], 90k tbr, 90k tbn, 90k tbc (attached pic)
Metadata:
comment : Other
2.命令行录音
2.1 查看可用列表设备
songlin@feng-sl /usr/local/bin master ± ffmpeg -devices
ffmpeg version 4.3.2 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers
built with Apple clang version 12.0.0 (clang-1200.0.32.29)
configuration: --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/ffmpeg/4.3.2_4 --enable-shared --enable-pthreads --enable-version3 --enable-avresample --cc=clang --host-cflags= --host-ldflags= --enable-ffplay --enable-gnutls --enable-gpl --enable-libaom --enable-libbluray --enable-libdav1d --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-librav1e --enable-librubberband --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsrt --enable-libtesseract --enable-libtheora --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-lzma --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-frei0r --enable-libass --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libspeex --enable-libsoxr --enable-libzmq --enable-libzimg --disable-libjack --disable-indev=jack --enable-videotoolbox
libavutil 56. 51.100 / 56. 51.100
libavcodec 58. 91.100 / 58. 91.100
libavformat 58. 45.100 / 58. 45.100
libavdevice 58. 10.100 / 58. 10.100
libavfilter 7. 85.100 / 7. 85.100
libavresample 4. 0. 0 / 4. 0. 0
libswscale 5. 7.100 / 5. 7.100
libswresample 3. 7.100 / 3. 7.100
libpostproc 55. 7.100 / 55. 7.100
Devices:
D. = Demuxing supported
.E = Muxing supported
--
D avfoundation AVFoundation input device
D lavfi Libavfilter virtual input device
E sdl,sdl2 SDL2 output device
D x11grab X11 screen capture, using XCB
从上面的输出结果中，可以看到列表中有一个avfoundation的选项，这个就是Mac平台的多媒体系统库，我们可以借助这个avfoundation去操作多媒体输入设备
2.2 查看avfoundation 支持的设备列表
songlin@feng-sl /usr/local/bin master ± ffmpeg -f avfoundation -list_devices true -i ''
ffmpeg version 4.3.2 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers
built with Apple clang version 12.0.0 (clang-1200.0.32.29)
configuration: --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/ffmpeg/4.3.2_4 --enable-shared --enable-pthreads --enable-version3 --enable-avresample --cc=clang --host-cflags= --host-ldflags= --enable-ffplay --enable-gnutls --enable-gpl --enable-libaom --enable-libbluray --enable-libdav1d --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-librav1e --enable-librubberband --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsrt --enable-libtesseract --enable-libtheora --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-lzma --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-frei0r --enable-libass --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libspeex --enable-libsoxr --enable-libzmq --enable-libzimg --disable-libjack --disable-indev=jack --enable-videotoolbox
libavutil 56. 51.100 / 56. 51.100
libavcodec 58. 91.100 / 58. 91.100
libavformat 58. 45.100 / 58. 45.100
libavdevice 58. 10.100 / 58. 10.100
libavfilter 7. 85.100 / 7. 85.100
libavresample 4. 0. 0 / 4. 0. 0
libswscale 5. 7.100 / 5. 7.100
libswresample 3. 7.100 / 3. 7.100
libpostproc 55. 7.100 / 55. 7.100
[AVFoundation indev @ 0x7fcdc3704580] AVFoundation video devices:
[AVFoundation indev @ 0x7fcdc3704580] [0] FaceTime HD Camera
[AVFoundation indev @ 0x7fcdc3704580] [1] Capture screen 0
[AVFoundation indev @ 0x7fcdc3704580] [2] Capture screen 1
[AVFoundation indev @ 0x7fcdc3704580] AVFoundation audio devices:
[AVFoundation indev @ 0x7fcdc3704580] [0] Built-in Microphone
: Input/output error
- f avfoundation: avfoundation 支持的
- list_devices true 打印所有的设备
- -i ' ' 或者 -i "" : 立即退出
2.3 指定设备进行录音
✘ songlin@feng-sl ~ master ±✚ ffmpeg -f avfoundation -i :0 out.wav
ffmpeg version 4.3.2 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers
built with Apple clang version 12.0.0 (clang-1200.0.32.29)
configuration: --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/ffmpeg/4.3.2_4 --enable-shared --enable-pthreads --enable-version3 --enable-avresample --cc=clang --host-cflags= --host-ldflags= --enable-ffplay --enable-gnutls --enable-gpl --enable-libaom --enable-libbluray --enable-libdav1d --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-librav1e --enable-librubberband --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsrt --enable-libtesseract --enable-libtheora --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-lzma --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-frei0r --enable-libass --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libspeex --enable-libsoxr --enable-libzmq --enable-libzimg --disable-libjack --disable-indev=jack --enable-videotoolbox
libavutil 56. 51.100 / 56. 51.100
libavcodec 58. 91.100 / 58. 91.100
libavformat 58. 45.100 / 58. 45.100
libavdevice 58. 10.100 / 58. 10.100
libavfilter 7. 85.100 / 7. 85.100
libavresample 4. 0. 0 / 4. 0. 0
libswscale 5. 7.100 / 5. 7.100
libswresample 3. 7.100 / 3. 7.100
libpostproc 55. 7.100 / 55. 7.100
Input #0, avfoundation, from ':0':
Duration: N/A, start: 52087.499524, bitrate: 2822 kb/s
Stream #0:0: Audio: pcm_f32le, 44100 Hz, stereo, flt, 2822 kb/s
Stream mapping:
Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (pcm_f32le (native) -> pcm_s16le (native))
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
Output #0, wav, to 'out.wav':
Metadata:
ISFT : Lavf58.45.100
Stream #0:0: Audio: pcm_s16le ([1][0][0][0] / 0x0001), 44100 Hz, stereo, s16, 1411 kb/s
Metadata:
encoder : Lavc58.91.100 pcm_s16le
size= 1986kB time=00:00:11.84 bitrate=1373.9kbits/s speed= 1x
video:0kB audio:1986kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 0.003835%
Exiting normally, received signal 2.
使用Ctrl+C 终止录音，可以看到在我的电脑上面是采用, 44100 Hz 采样率，16位深度( pcm_s16le),比特率 2822 kb/s，stereo双声道
2.4 测试录音效果
songlin@feng-sl ~ master ±✚ ffplay out.wav
ffplay version 4.3.2 Copyright (c) 2003-2021 the FFmpeg developers
built with Apple clang version 12.0.0 (clang-1200.0.32.29)
configuration: --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/ffmpeg/4.3.2_4 --enable-shared --enable-pthreads --enable-version3 --enable-avresample --cc=clang --host-cflags= --host-ldflags= --enable-ffplay --enable-gnutls --enable-gpl --enable-libaom --enable-libbluray --enable-libdav1d --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-librav1e --enable-librubberband --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsrt --enable-libtesseract --enable-libtheora --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-lzma --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-frei0r --enable-libass --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libspeex --enable-libsoxr --enable-libzmq --enable-libzimg --disable-libjack --disable-indev=jack --enable-videotoolbox
libavutil 56. 51.100 / 56. 51.100
libavcodec 58. 91.100 / 58. 91.100
libavformat 58. 45.100 / 58. 45.100
libavdevice 58. 10.100 / 58. 10.100
libavfilter 7. 85.100 / 7. 85.100
libavresample 4. 0. 0 / 4. 0. 0
libswscale 5. 7.100 / 5. 7.100
libswresample 3. 7.100 / 3. 7.100
libpostproc 55. 7.100 / 55. 7.100
Input #0, wav, from 'out.wav':
Metadata:
encoder : Lavf58.45.100
Duration: 00:00:11.53, bitrate: 1411 kb/s
Stream #0:0: Audio: pcm_s16le ([1][0][0][0] / 0x0001), 44100 Hz, 2 channels, s16, 1411 kb/s
6.37 M-A: 0.000 fd= 0 aq= 180KB vq= 0KB sq= 0B f=0/0
可以发现刚刚我们录制的东西已经成功了
2.5 avfoundation 参数使用
✘ songlin@feng-sl ~ master ±✚ ffmpeg -h demuxer=avfoundation
ffmpeg version 4.3.2 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers
built with Apple clang version 12.0.0 (clang-1200.0.32.29)
configuration: --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/ffmpeg/4.3.2_4 --enable-shared --enable-pthreads --enable-version3 --enable-avresample --cc=clang --host-cflags= --host-ldflags= --enable-ffplay --enable-gnutls --enable-gpl --enable-libaom --enable-libbluray --enable-libdav1d --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-librav1e --enable-librubberband --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsrt --enable-libtesseract --enable-libtheora --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-lzma --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-frei0r --enable-libass --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libspeex --enable-libsoxr --enable-libzmq --enable-libzimg --disable-libjack --disable-indev=jack --enable-videotoolbox
libavutil 56. 51.100 / 56. 51.100
libavcodec 58. 91.100 / 58. 91.100
libavformat 58. 45.100 / 58. 45.100
libavdevice 58. 10.100 / 58. 10.100
libavfilter 7. 85.100 / 7. 85.100
libavresample 4. 0. 0 / 4. 0. 0
libswscale 5. 7.100 / 5. 7.100
libswresample 3. 7.100 / 3. 7.100
libpostproc 55. 7.100 / 55. 7.100
Demuxer avfoundation [AVFoundation input device]:
AVFoundation indev AVOptions:
-list_devices <boolean> .D........ list available devices (default false)
-video_device_index <int> .D........ select video device by index for devices with same name (starts at 0) (from -1 to INT_MAX) (default -1)
-audio_device_index <int> .D........ select audio device by index for devices with same name (starts at 0) (from -1 to INT_MAX) (default -1)
-pixel_format <pix_fmt> .D........ set pixel format (default yuv420p)
-framerate <video_rate> .D........ set frame rate (default "ntsc")
-video_size <image_size> .D........ set video size
-capture_cursor <boolean> .D........ capture the screen cursor (default false)
-capture_mouse_clicks <boolean> .D........ capture the screen mouse clicks (default false)
-capture_raw_data <boolean> .D........ capture the raw data from device connection (default false)
-drop_late_frames <boolean> .D........ drop frames that are available later than expected (default true)
