Day125|苏格拉底:苏格拉底法有人忧

2024-08-22  本文已影响0人  綠笛

上句见:Day124
The Story of Philosophy的第125句:第1章Plato第2节II. Socrates第6段第7句:

So he went about prying into the human soul, uncovering assumptions and questioning certainties. If men discoursed too readily of justice, he asked them, quietly, tò tí—what is it? What do you mean by these abstract words with which you so easily settle the problems of life and death? What do you mean by honor, virtue, morality, patriotism? What do you mean by yourself? It was with such moral and psychological questions that Socrates loved to deal. Some who suffered from this “Socratic method,” this demand for accurate definitions, and clear thinking, and exact analysis, objected that he asked more than he answered, and left men’s minds more confused than before. Nevertheless he bequeathed to philosophy two very definite answers to two of our most difficult problems— What is the meaning of virtue? and What is the best state?
浙江大学译本:一些人深受这种要求定义精确、逻辑清晰和论证准确的“苏式方法”的折磨,对此提出质疑,认为他提问太多回答太少,致使人们的思想比从前更混乱了。

解析

这句话是有关“苏格拉底法”。这种方法对人的水平有所要求,所以有些人对此颇有微词。
1、Some who suffered from this “Socratic method,”
饱受“苏格拉底法”折磨的人。这些人也是批评这个方法的人。显然他们只看到表面,而没看到这种方法其实能更深入的解析问题。

2、this demand for accurate definitions, and clear thinking, and exact analysis
苏格拉底法的要求:精确的定义,清晰的思考以及确切的分析。

3、objected that he asked more than he answered,
批评理由1:问的多,答的少。苏格拉底通过问来让答者自己对前面的答案进行审视。

4、and left men’s minds more confused than before.
批评理由2:更糊涂了。问着问着觉得曾以为自己的概念全是不对的,这很可能是黎明前的黑暗。但很多人倒在黎明的前面,糊涂之后就清晰了。所谓“看山是山”到“看山不是山”再到“看山还是山”。

部分人士深受“苏格拉底法”的困扰,这种方法要求精确的定义、清晰的思考以及确切的分析。他们对此表示反对,认为他问的比他答的要多,还总是让人们的思想比从前更混乱了。

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