Linux安装MySQL

1. 默认安装在/usr/local/mysql目录里，也可以安装在其他位置，官网下载地址：

• 64bit
• 32bit

2. 创建文件夹，解压并移动到MySQL目录

[sudo] mkdir /usr/local/mysql
tar -xvf mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz/* /usr/local/mysql/

3. 创建data目录

mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data

4. 创建mysql用户和修改权限

groupadd mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/  

5. 初始化数据

[root@localhost mysql] ./bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/  
2016-01-20 02:47:35 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize  
2016-01-20 02:47:45 [WARNING] The bootstrap log isn't empty:  
2016-01-20 02:47:45 [WARNING] 2016-01-19T18:47:36.732678Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead  
2016-01-19T18:47:36.750527Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)  
2016-01-19T18:47:36.750560Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 431 (requested 2000)  

6. 复制配置文件到 /etc/my.cnf

cp -a ./support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf  #选择y

7. mysql的服务脚本放到系统服务中

cp -a ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

修改/etc/my.cnf文件

# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.  
basedir = /usr/local/mysql  
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data  # 修改data目录
port = 3306  
# server_id = .....  
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock  
character-set-server = utf8  
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.  
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.  
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.  
# join_buffer_size = 128M  
# sort_buffer_size = 2M  
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M   

8. 启动mysql

service mysqld start
ps -ef  #查看是启动

9. 查看初始化自动生成的密码：

cat /root/.mysql_secret  #记住并复制下来，等会登陆mysql需要

10. 进入mysql

bin/mysql -uroot -p  #把刚刚复制的密码粘贴上来

11. 登录后重置root密码

mysql> SET PASSWORD  FOR 'root'@localhost = PASSWORD（'123456'）；Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)