HttpClient 发送 GET、POST、PUT、Delet

本文示例是在 httpclient4.3.6 下进行的测试。####

package org.caeit.cloud.dev.util;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;  
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;  
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.ArrayList;  
import java.util.List;  
import java.util.Map;  
import java.util.Set;  

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;  
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;  
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpDelete;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPut;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;  
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.HttpMultipartMode;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;  
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;  
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;  
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;  
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;  
import org.caeit.cloud.dev.entity.HttpResponse;
  
public class HttpClientUtil {  
      
    /** 
     * 发送http get请求 
     */  
    public static HttpResponse httpGet(String url,Map<String,String> headers,String encode){  
        HttpResponse response = new HttpResponse();
        if(encode == null){  
            encode = "utf-8";  
        }  
        String content = null;  
        //since 4.3 不再使用 DefaultHttpClient  
        CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();   
        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);  
        //设置header
        if (headers != null && headers.size() > 0) {
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headers.entrySet()) {
                httpGet.setHeader(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());
            }
        }
        CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;  
        try {  
            httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpGet);  
            HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();  
            content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encode);  
            response.setBody(content);
            response.setHeaders(httpResponse.getAllHeaders());
            response.setReasonPhrase(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase());
            response.setStatusCode(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
        } catch (Exception e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }finally{  
            try {  
                httpResponse.close();  
            } catch (IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
        try {  //关闭连接、释放资源  
            closeableHttpClient.close();  
        } catch (IOException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }    
        return response;  
    }  
    /** 
     * 发送 http post 请求，参数以form表单键值对的形式提交。 
     */  
    public static HttpResponse httpPostForm(String url,Map<String,String> params, Map<String,String> headers,String encode){  
        HttpResponse response = new HttpResponse();
        if(encode == null){  
            encode = "utf-8";  
        }  
        //HttpClients.createDefault()等价于 HttpClientBuilder.create().build();   
        CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();   
        HttpPost httpost = new HttpPost(url);  
        
        //设置header
        if (headers != null && headers.size() > 0) {
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headers.entrySet()) {
                httpost.setHeader(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());
            }
        }
        //组织请求参数  
        List<NameValuePair> paramList = new ArrayList <NameValuePair>();  
        if(params != null && params.size() > 0){
            Set<String> keySet = params.keySet();  
            for(String key : keySet) {  
                paramList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, params.get(key)));  
            }  
        }
        try {  
            httpost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramList, encode));  
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {  
            e1.printStackTrace();  
        }  
        String content = null;  
        CloseableHttpResponse  httpResponse = null;  
        try {  
            httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpost);  
            HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();  
            content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encode);  
            response.setBody(content);
            response.setHeaders(httpResponse.getAllHeaders());
            response.setReasonPhrase(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase());
            response.setStatusCode(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
        } catch (Exception e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }finally{  
            try {  
                httpResponse.close();  
            } catch (IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
        try {  //关闭连接、释放资源  
            closeableHttpClient.close();  
        } catch (IOException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }    
        return response;  
    }  
      
    /** 
     * 发送 http post 请求，参数以原生字符串进行提交 
     * @param url 
     * @param encode 
     * @return 
     */  
    public static HttpResponse httpPostRaw(String url,String stringJson,Map<String,String> headers, String encode){  
        HttpResponse response = new HttpResponse();
        if(encode == null){  
            encode = "utf-8";  
        }  
        //HttpClients.createDefault()等价于 HttpClientBuilder.create().build();   
        CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();   
        HttpPost httpost = new HttpPost(url);  
        
        //设置header
        httpost.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json");    
        if (headers != null && headers.size() > 0) {
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headers.entrySet()) {
                httpost.setHeader(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());
            }
        }
        //组织请求参数  
        StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(stringJson, encode);  
        httpost.setEntity(stringEntity);  
        String content = null;  
        CloseableHttpResponse  httpResponse = null;  
        try {  
            //响应信息
            httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpost);  
            HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();  
            content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encode);  
            response.setBody(content);
            response.setHeaders(httpResponse.getAllHeaders());
            response.setReasonPhrase(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase());
            response.setStatusCode(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
        } catch (Exception e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }finally{  
            try {  
                httpResponse.close();  
            } catch (IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
        try {  //关闭连接、释放资源  
            closeableHttpClient.close();  
        } catch (IOException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }    
        return response;  
    }  
    
    /** 
     * 发送 http put 请求，参数以原生字符串进行提交 
     * @param url 
     * @param encode 
     * @return 
     */  
    public static HttpResponse httpPutRaw(String url,String stringJson,Map<String,String> headers, String encode){  
        HttpResponse response = new HttpResponse();
        if(encode == null){  
            encode = "utf-8";  
        }  
        //HttpClients.createDefault()等价于 HttpClientBuilder.create().build();   
        CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();   
        HttpPut httpput = new HttpPut(url);
        
        //设置header
        httpput.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json");    
        if (headers != null && headers.size() > 0) {
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headers.entrySet()) {
                httpput.setHeader(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());
            }
        }
        //组织请求参数  
        StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(stringJson, encode);  
        httpput.setEntity(stringEntity);  
        String content = null;  
        CloseableHttpResponse  httpResponse = null;  
        try {  
            //响应信息
            httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpput);  
            HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();  
            content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encode);  
            response.setBody(content);
            response.setHeaders(httpResponse.getAllHeaders());
            response.setReasonPhrase(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase());
            response.setStatusCode(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
        } catch (Exception e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }finally{  
            try {  
                httpResponse.close();  
            } catch (IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
        try {  
            closeableHttpClient.close();  //关闭连接、释放资源  
        } catch (IOException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }    
        return response;  
    }  
    /** 
     * 发送http delete请求 
     */  
    public static HttpResponse httpDelete(String url,Map<String,String> headers,String encode){  
        HttpResponse response = new HttpResponse();
        if(encode == null){  
            encode = "utf-8";  
        }  
        String content = null;  
        //since 4.3 不再使用 DefaultHttpClient  
        CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();   
        HttpDelete httpdelete = new HttpDelete(url);  
        //设置header
        if (headers != null && headers.size() > 0) {
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headers.entrySet()) {
                httpdelete.setHeader(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());
            }
        }
        CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;  
        try {  
            httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpdelete);  
            HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();  
            content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encode);  
            response.setBody(content);
            response.setHeaders(httpResponse.getAllHeaders());
            response.setReasonPhrase(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase());
            response.setStatusCode(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
        } catch (Exception e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }finally{  
            try {  
                httpResponse.close();  
            } catch (IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
        try {   //关闭连接、释放资源  
            closeableHttpClient.close();  
        } catch (IOException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }    
        return response;  
    }  
    
    /** 
     * 发送 http post 请求，支持文件上传
     */  
    public static HttpResponse httpPostFormMultipart(String url,Map<String,String> params, List<File> files,Map<String,String> headers,String encode){  
        HttpResponse response = new HttpResponse();
        if(encode == null){  
            encode = "utf-8";  
        }  
        CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();   
        HttpPost httpost = new HttpPost(url);  
        
        //设置header
        if (headers != null && headers.size() > 0) {
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headers.entrySet()) {
                httpost.setHeader(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());
            }
        }
        MultipartEntityBuilder mEntityBuilder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
        mEntityBuilder.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE);
        mEntityBuilder.setCharset(Charset.forName(encode));
        
        // 普通参数
        ContentType contentType = ContentType.create("text/plain",Charset.forName(encode));//解决中文乱码
        if (params != null && params.size() > 0) {
            Set<String> keySet = params.keySet();
            for (String key : keySet) {
                mEntityBuilder.addTextBody(key, params.get(key),contentType);
            }
        }
        //二进制参数
        if (files != null && files.size() > 0) {
            for (File file : files) {
                mEntityBuilder.addBinaryBody("file", file);
            }
        }
        httpost.setEntity(mEntityBuilder.build());
        String content = null;  
        CloseableHttpResponse  httpResponse = null;  
        try {  
            httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpost);  
            HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();  
            content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encode);  
            response.setBody(content);
            response.setHeaders(httpResponse.getAllHeaders());
            response.setReasonPhrase(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase());
            response.setStatusCode(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
        } catch (Exception e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }finally{  
            try {  
                httpResponse.close();  
            } catch (IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
        try {  //关闭连接、释放资源  
            closeableHttpClient.close();  
        } catch (IOException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }    
        return response;  
    }  
      
}  

发送Get请求：

HttpResponse httpGet(String url,Map<String,String> headers,String encode)

发送Post请求，同表单Post提交

HttpResponse httpPostForm(String url,Map<String,String> params, Map<String,String> headers,String encode)

发送Post Raw请求

HttpResponse httpPostRaw(String url,String stringJson,Map<String,String> headers, String encode)

发送Put Raw请求

HttpResponse httpPutRaw(String url,String stringJson,Map<String,String> headers, String encode)

发送Delete请求

HttpResponse httpDelete(String url,Map<String,String> headers,String encode)

说明：

1、since 4.3 不再使用 DefaultHttpClient
2、UrlEncodedFormEntity 与 StringEntity 区别
2.1、UrlEncodedFormEntity()的形式比较单一，只能是普通的键值对，局限性相对较大。
2.2、而StringEntity()的形式比较自由，只要是字符串放进去，不论格式都可以。
3、以raw方式发送请求时，需指定 Content type：httpost.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json"); 否则默认使用 Content type 'text/plain;charset=UTF-8'。