【JAVA】SpringMVC

2019-05-19  本文已影响0人  Y了个J

SpringMVC流程
1、 用户发送请求至前端控制器DispatcherServlet。
2、 DispatcherServlet从HandlerMapping中获取处理器映射器handler。
3、 DispatcherServlet通过handler找到HandlerAdapter。
4、 HandlerAdapter经过适配调用具体的处理器内方法(Controller,也叫后端控制器)。
5、 Controller执行完成返回ModelAndView。
6、 HandlerAdapter将controller执行结果ModelAndView返回给DispatcherServlet。
7、 DispatcherServlet将ModelAndView传给ViewReslover视图解析器。
8、 ViewReslover解析后返回具体View。
9、DispatcherServlet根据View进行渲染视图(即将模型数据填充至视图中)。
10、DispatcherServlet响应用户。


前端控制器DispatcherServlet
作用:接收请求,响应结果,相当于转发器,中央处理器。有了dispatcherServlet减少了其它组件之间的耦合度。

处理器映射器HandlerMapping
作用:根据请求的url查找Handler
HandlerMapping负责根据用户请求找到Handler即处理器,springmvc提供了不同的映射器实现不同的映射方式,例如:配置文件方式,实现接口方式,注解方式等。

处理器适配器HandlerAdapter
作用:按照特定规则(HandlerAdapter要求的规则)去执行Handler
通过HandlerAdapter对处理器进行执行,这是适配器模式的应用,通过扩展适配器可以对更多类型的处理器进行执行。

处理器Handler
Handler 是继DispatcherServlet前端控制器的后端控制器,在DispatcherServlet的控制下Handler对具体的用户请求进行处理。
由于Handler涉及到具体的用户业务请求,所以一般情况需要工程师根据业务需求开发Handler。

源码分析

第一步、建立Map<urls,controller>的关系
第一部分的入口类为ApplicationObjectSupport的setApplicationContext方法.setApplicationContext方法中核心部分就是初始化容器initApplicationContext(context),子类AbstractDetectingUrlHandlerMapping实现了该方法,所以我们直接看子类中的初始化容器方法.

public abstract class AbstractDetectingUrlHandlerMapping extends AbstractUrlHandlerMapping {

    public void initApplicationContext() throws ApplicationContextException {
        super.initApplicationContext();
        detectHandlers();
    }
    /**
    * 建立当前ApplicationContext中的所有controller和url的对应关系
    */
    protected void detectHandlers() throws BeansException {
        if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
            logger.debug("Looking for URL mappings in application context: " + getApplicationContext());
        }
     // 获取ApplicationContext容器中所有bean的Name
        String[] beanNames = (this.detectHandlersInAncestorContexts ?
                BeanFactoryUtils.beanNamesForTypeIncludingAncestors(getApplicationContext(), Object.class) :
                getApplicationContext().getBeanNamesForType(Object.class));

        // 遍历beanNames,并找到这些bean对应的url
        for (String beanName : beanNames) {
       // 找bean上的所有url(controller上的url+方法上的url),该方法由对应的子类实现
            String[] urls = determineUrlsForHandler(beanName);
            if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(urls)) {
                // 保存urls和beanName的对应关系,put it to Map<urls,beanName>,该方法在父类AbstractUrlHandlerMapping中实现
                registerHandler(urls, beanName);
            }
            else {
                if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    logger.debug("Rejected bean name '" + beanName + "': no URL paths identified");
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /** 获取controller中所有方法的url,由子类实现,典型的模板模式 **/
    protected abstract String[] determineUrlsForHandler(String beanName);
}

determineUrlsForHandler(String beanName)方法的作用是获取每个controller中的url,不同的子类有不同的实现,这是一个典型的模板设计模式.因为开发中我们用的最多的就是用注解来配置controller中的url,DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping是AbstractDetectingUrlHandlerMapping的子类,处理注解形式的url映射.所以我们这里以DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping来进行分析.我们看DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping是如何查beanName上所有映射的url.

/**
   * 获取controller中所有的url
     */
  protected String[] determineUrlsForHandler(String beanName) {
       // 获取ApplicationContext容器 
    ApplicationContext context = getApplicationContext();
        //从容器中获取controller
     Class<?> handlerType = context.getType(beanName);
     // 获取controller上的@RequestMapping注解
        RequestMapping mapping = context.findAnnotationOnBean(beanName, RequestMapping.class);
        if (mapping != null) { // controller上有注解
            this.cachedMappings.put(handlerType, mapping);
        // 返回结果集
            Set<String> urls = new LinkedHashSet<String>();
        // controller的映射url
            String[] typeLevelPatterns = mapping.value();
            if (typeLevelPatterns.length > 0) { // url>0
                // 获取controller中所有方法及方法的映射url
                String[] methodLevelPatterns = determineUrlsForHandlerMethods(handlerType, true);
                for (String typeLevelPattern : typeLevelPatterns) {
                    if (!typeLevelPattern.startsWith("/")) {
                        typeLevelPattern = "/" + typeLevelPattern;
                    }
                    boolean hasEmptyMethodLevelMappings = false;
                    for (String methodLevelPattern : methodLevelPatterns) {
                        if (methodLevelPattern == null) {
                            hasEmptyMethodLevelMappings = true;
                        }
                        else {
                // controller的映射url+方法映射的url
                            String combinedPattern = getPathMatcher().combine(typeLevelPattern, methodLevelPattern);
                // 保存到set集合中
                 addUrlsForPath(urls, combinedPattern);
                        }
                    }
                    if (hasEmptyMethodLevelMappings ||
                            org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller.class.isAssignableFrom(handlerType)) {
                        addUrlsForPath(urls, typeLevelPattern);
                    }
                }
         // 以数组形式返回controller上的所有url
                return StringUtils.toStringArray(urls);
            }
            else {
                // controller上的@RequestMapping映射url为空串,直接找方法的映射url
                return determineUrlsForHandlerMethods(handlerType, false);
            }
        } // controller上没@RequestMapping注解
        else if (AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(handlerType, Controller.class) != null) {
            // 获取controller中方法上的映射url
            return determineUrlsForHandlerMethods(handlerType, false);
        }
        else {
            return null;
        }
    }

到这里HandlerMapping组件就已经建立所有url和controller的对应关系。

第二步、根据访问url找到对应controller中处理请求的方法.
下面我们开始分析第二个步骤,第二个步骤是由请求触发的,所以入口为DispatcherServlet.DispatcherServlet的核心方法为doService(),doService()中的核心逻辑由doDispatch()实现,我们查看doDispatch()的源代码.

/** 中央控制器,控制请求的转发 **/
protected void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        HttpServletRequest processedRequest = request;
        HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler = null;
        int interceptorIndex = -1;

        try {
            ModelAndView mv;
            boolean errorView = false;
            try {
         // 1.检查是否是文件上传的请求
                processedRequest = checkMultipart(request);

                // 2.取得处理当前请求的controller,这里也称为hanlder,处理器,第一个步骤的意义就在这里体现了.这里并不是直接返回controller,而是返回的HandlerExecutionChain请求处理器链对象,该对象封装了handler和interceptors.
                mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest, false);
         // 如果handler为空,则返回404
                if (mappedHandler == null || mappedHandler.getHandler() == null) {
                    noHandlerFound(processedRequest, response);
                    return;
                }
                //3. 获取处理request的处理器适配器handler adapter 
                HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());
                // 处理 last-modified 请求头
                String method = request.getMethod();
                boolean isGet = "GET".equals(method);
                if (isGet || "HEAD".equals(method)) {
                    long lastModified = ha.getLastModified(request, mappedHandler.getHandler());
                    if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                        String requestUri = urlPathHelper.getRequestUri(request);
                        logger.debug("Last-Modified value for [" + requestUri + "] is: " + lastModified);
                    }
                    if (new ServletWebRequest(request, response).checkNotModified(lastModified) && isGet) {
                        return;
                    }
                }

                // 4.拦截器的预处理方法
                HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = mappedHandler.getInterceptors();
                if (interceptors != null) {
                    for (int i = 0; i < interceptors.length; i++) {
                        HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
                        if (!interceptor.preHandle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler())) {
                            triggerAfterCompletion(mappedHandler, interceptorIndex, processedRequest, response, null);
                            return;
                        }
                        interceptorIndex = i;
                    }
                }

                // 5.实际的处理器处理请求,返回结果视图对象
                mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());

                // 结果视图对象的处理
                if (mv != null && !mv.hasView()) {
                    mv.setViewName(getDefaultViewName(request));
                }

                // 6.拦截器的后处理方法
                if (interceptors != null) {
                    for (int i = interceptors.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                        HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
                        interceptor.postHandle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler(), mv);
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (ModelAndViewDefiningException ex) {
                logger.debug("ModelAndViewDefiningException encountered", ex);
                mv = ex.getModelAndView();
            }
            catch (Exception ex) {
                Object handler = (mappedHandler != null ? mappedHandler.getHandler() : null);
                mv = processHandlerException(processedRequest, response, handler, ex);
                errorView = (mv != null);
            }

            
            if (mv != null && !mv.wasCleared()) {
                render(mv, processedRequest, response);
                if (errorView) {
                    WebUtils.clearErrorRequestAttributes(request);
                }
            }
            else {
                if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    logger.debug("Null ModelAndView returned to DispatcherServlet with name '" + getServletName() +
                            "': assuming HandlerAdapter completed request handling");
                }
            }

            // 请求成功响应之后的方法
            triggerAfterCompletion(mappedHandler, interceptorIndex, processedRequest, response, null);
        }

第2步:getHandler(processedRequest)方法实际上就是从HandlerMapping中找到url和controller的对应关系.这也就是第一个步骤:建立Map<url,Controller>的意义.我们知道,最终处理request的是controller中的方法,我们现在只是知道了controller,还要进一步确认controller中处理request的方法.由于下面的步骤和第三个步骤关系更加紧密,直接转到第三个步骤.

第三步、反射调用处理请求的方法,返回结果视图
上面的方法中,第2步其实就是从第一个步骤中的Map<urls,beanName>中取得controller,然后经过拦截器的预处理方法,到最核心的部分--第5步调用controller的方法处理请求.在第2步中我们可以知道处理request的controller,第5步就是要根据url确定controller中处理请求的方法,然后通过反射获取该方法上的注解和参数,解析方法和参数上的注解,最后反射调用方法获取ModelAndView结果视图。因为上面采用注解url形式说明的,所以我们这里继续以注解处理器适配器来说明.第5步调用的就是AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter的handle().handle()中的核心逻辑由invokeHandlerMethod(request, response, handler)实现。

/** 获取处理请求的方法,执行并返回结果视图 **/
protected ModelAndView invokeHandlerMethod(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
            throws Exception {
     // 1.获取方法解析器
        ServletHandlerMethodResolver methodResolver = getMethodResolver(handler);
     // 2.解析request中的url,获取处理request的方法 
        Method handlerMethod = methodResolver.resolveHandlerMethod(request);
     // 3.方法调用器
        ServletHandlerMethodInvoker methodInvoker = new ServletHandlerMethodInvoker(methodResolver);
        ServletWebRequest webRequest = new ServletWebRequest(request, response);
        ExtendedModelMap implicitModel = new BindingAwareModelMap();
     // 4.执行方法
        Object result = methodInvoker.invokeHandlerMethod(handlerMethod, handler, webRequest, implicitModel);
     // 5.封装结果视图
        ModelAndView mav =
                methodInvoker.getModelAndView(handlerMethod, handler.getClass(), result, implicitModel, webRequest);
        methodInvoker.updateModelAttributes(handler, (mav != null ? mav.getModel() : null), implicitModel, webRequest);
        return mav;
    }

这一部分的核心就在2和4了.先看第2步,通过request找controller的处理方法.实际上就是拼接controller的url和方法的url,与request的url进行匹配,找到匹配的方法.

/** 根据url获取处理请求的方法 **/
public Method resolveHandlerMethod(HttpServletRequest request) throws ServletException {
        // 如果请求url为,localhost:8080/springmvc/helloWorldController/say.action, 则lookupPath=helloWorldController/say.action
            String lookupPath = urlPathHelper.getLookupPathForRequest(request);
            Comparator<String> pathComparator = pathMatcher.getPatternComparator(lookupPath);
            Map<RequestSpecificMappingInfo, Method> targetHandlerMethods = new LinkedHashMap<RequestSpecificMappingInfo, Method>();
            Set<String> allowedMethods = new LinkedHashSet<String>(7);
            String resolvedMethodName = null;
       // 遍历controller上的所有方法,获取url匹配的方法
            for (Method handlerMethod : getHandlerMethods()) {
                RequestSpecificMappingInfo mappingInfo = new RequestSpecificMappingInfo(this.mappings.get(handlerMethod));
                boolean match = false;
                if (mappingInfo.hasPatterns()) {// 获取方法上的url
                    for (String pattern : mappingInfo.getPatterns()) { // 方法上可能有多个url,springmvc支持方法映射多个url
                        if (!hasTypeLevelMapping() && !pattern.startsWith("/")) {
                            pattern = "/" + pattern;
                        }
              // 获取controller上的映射和url和方法上的url,拼凑起来与lookupPath是否匹配
                        String combinedPattern = getCombinedPattern(pattern, lookupPath, request);
                        if (combinedPattern != null) { 
                            if (mappingInfo.matches(request)) {
                                match = true;
                                mappingInfo.addMatchedPattern(combinedPattern);
                            }
                            else {
                                if (!mappingInfo.matchesRequestMethod(request)) {
                                    allowedMethods.addAll(mappingInfo.methodNames());
                                }
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    mappingInfo.sortMatchedPatterns(pathComparator);
                }
                else if (useTypeLevelMapping(request)) {
               // other 
        }

通过上面的代码,已经可以找到处理request的controller中的方法了,现在看如何解析该方法上的参数,并调用该方法。也就是执行方法这一步.执行方法这一步最重要的就是获取方法的参数,然后我们就可以反射调用方法了.

public final Object invokeHandlerMethod(Method handlerMethod, Object handler,
            NativeWebRequest webRequest, ExtendedModelMap implicitModel) throws Exception {
       
     Method handlerMethodToInvoke = BridgeMethodResolver.findBridgedMethod(handlerMethod);
        try {
            boolean debug = logger.isDebugEnabled();
       // 处理方法上的其他注解
            for (String attrName : this.methodResolver.getActualSessionAttributeNames()) {
                Object attrValue = this.sessionAttributeStore.retrieveAttribute(webRequest, attrName);
                if (attrValue != null) {
                    implicitModel.addAttribute(attrName, attrValue);
                }
            }
            for (Method attributeMethod : this.methodResolver.getModelAttributeMethods()) {
                Method attributeMethodToInvoke = BridgeMethodResolver.findBridgedMethod(attributeMethod);
                Object[] args = resolveHandlerArguments(attributeMethodToInvoke, handler, webRequest, implicitModel);
                if (debug) {
                    logger.debug("Invoking model attribute method: " + attributeMethodToInvoke);
                }
                String attrName = AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(attributeMethod, ModelAttribute.class).value();
                if (!"".equals(attrName) && implicitModel.containsAttribute(attrName)) {
                    continue;
                }
                ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(attributeMethodToInvoke);
                Object attrValue = attributeMethodToInvoke.invoke(handler, args);
                if ("".equals(attrName)) {
                    Class resolvedType = GenericTypeResolver.resolveReturnType(attributeMethodToInvoke, handler.getClass());
                    attrName = Conventions.getVariableNameForReturnType(attributeMethodToInvoke, resolvedType, attrValue);
                }
                if (!implicitModel.containsAttribute(attrName)) {
                    implicitModel.addAttribute(attrName, attrValue);
                }
            }
       // 核心代码,获取方法上的参数值
            Object[] args = resolveHandlerArguments(handlerMethodToInvoke, handler, webRequest, implicitModel);
            if (debug) {
                logger.debug("Invoking request handler method: " + handlerMethodToInvoke);
            }
            ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(handlerMethodToInvoke);
            return handlerMethodToInvoke.invoke(handler, args);
        }

resolveHandlerArguments方法实现代码比较长,它最终要实现的目的就是:完成request中的参数和方法参数上数据的绑定.
springmvc中提供两种request参数到方法中参数的绑定方式:
1.通过注解进行绑定,@RequestParam
2.通过参数名称进行绑定.

使用注解进行绑定,我们只要在方法参数前面声明@RequestParam("a"),就可以将request中参数a的值绑定到方法的该参数上.使用参数名称进行绑定的前提是必须要获取方法中参数的名称,Java反射只提供了获取方法的参数的类型,并没有提供获取参数名称的方法.springmvc解决这个问题的方法是用asm框架读取字节码文件,来获取方法的参数名称.asm框架是一个字节码操作框架,关于asm更多介绍可以参考它的官网.个人建议,使用注解来完成参数绑定,这样就可以省去asm框架的读取字节码的操作.

private Object[] resolveHandlerArguments(Method handlerMethod, Object handler,
            NativeWebRequest webRequest, ExtendedModelMap implicitModel) throws Exception {
     // 1.获取方法参数类型的数组
        Class[] paramTypes = handlerMethod.getParameterTypes();
    // 声明数组,存参数的值
        Object[] args = new Object[paramTypes.length];
    //2.遍历参数数组,获取每个参数的值
        for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
            MethodParameter methodParam = new MethodParameter(handlerMethod, i);
            methodParam.initParameterNameDiscovery(this.parameterNameDiscoverer);
            GenericTypeResolver.resolveParameterType(methodParam, handler.getClass());
            String paramName = null;
            String headerName = null;
            boolean requestBodyFound = false;
            String cookieName = null;
            String pathVarName = null;
            String attrName = null;
            boolean required = false;
            String defaultValue = null;
            boolean validate = false;
            int annotationsFound = 0;
            Annotation[] paramAnns = methodParam.getParameterAnnotations();
       // 处理参数上的注解
            for (Annotation paramAnn : paramAnns) {
                if (RequestParam.class.isInstance(paramAnn)) {
                    RequestParam requestParam = (RequestParam) paramAnn;
                    paramName = requestParam.value();
                    required = requestParam.required();
                    defaultValue = parseDefaultValueAttribute(requestParam.defaultValue());
                    annotationsFound++;
                }
                else if (RequestHeader.class.isInstance(paramAnn)) {
                    RequestHeader requestHeader = (RequestHeader) paramAnn;
                    headerName = requestHeader.value();
                    required = requestHeader.required();
                    defaultValue = parseDefaultValueAttribute(requestHeader.defaultValue());
                    annotationsFound++;
                }
                else if (RequestBody.class.isInstance(paramAnn)) {
                    requestBodyFound = true;
                    annotationsFound++;
                }
                else if (CookieValue.class.isInstance(paramAnn)) {
                    CookieValue cookieValue = (CookieValue) paramAnn;
                    cookieName = cookieValue.value();
                    required = cookieValue.required();
                    defaultValue = parseDefaultValueAttribute(cookieValue.defaultValue());
                    annotationsFound++;
                }
                else if (PathVariable.class.isInstance(paramAnn)) {
                    PathVariable pathVar = (PathVariable) paramAnn;
                    pathVarName = pathVar.value();
                    annotationsFound++;
                }
                else if (ModelAttribute.class.isInstance(paramAnn)) {
                    ModelAttribute attr = (ModelAttribute) paramAnn;
                    attrName = attr.value();
                    annotationsFound++;
                }
                else if (Value.class.isInstance(paramAnn)) {
                    defaultValue = ((Value) paramAnn).value();
                }
                else if ("Valid".equals(paramAnn.annotationType().getSimpleName())) {
                    validate = true;
                }
            }
  
            if (annotationsFound > 1) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("Handler parameter annotations are exclusive choices - " +
                        "do not specify more than one such annotation on the same parameter: " + handlerMethod);
            }

            if (annotationsFound == 0) {// 如果没有注解
                Object argValue = resolveCommonArgument(methodParam, webRequest);
                if (argValue != WebArgumentResolver.UNRESOLVED) {
                    args[i] = argValue;
                }
                else if (defaultValue != null) {
                    args[i] = resolveDefaultValue(defaultValue);
                }
                else {
                    Class paramType = methodParam.getParameterType();
            // 将方法声明中的Map和Model参数,放到request中,用于将数据放到request中带回页面
                    if (Model.class.isAssignableFrom(paramType) || Map.class.isAssignableFrom(paramType)) {
                        args[i] = implicitModel;
                    }
                    else if (SessionStatus.class.isAssignableFrom(paramType)) {
                        args[i] = this.sessionStatus;
                    }
                    else if (HttpEntity.class.isAssignableFrom(paramType)) {
                        args[i] = resolveHttpEntityRequest(methodParam, webRequest);
                    }
                    else if (Errors.class.isAssignableFrom(paramType)) {
                        throw new IllegalStateException("Errors/BindingResult argument declared " +
                                "without preceding model attribute. Check your handler method signature!");
                    }
                    else if (BeanUtils.isSimpleProperty(paramType)) {
                        paramName = "";
                    }
                    else {
                        attrName = "";
                    }
                }
            }
       // 从request中取值,并进行赋值操作
            if (paramName != null) {
         // 根据paramName从request中取值,如果没有通过RequestParam注解指定paramName,则使用asm读取class文件来获取paramName
                args[i] = resolveRequestParam(paramName, required, defaultValue, methodParam, webRequest, handler);
            }
            else if (headerName != null) {
                args[i] = resolveRequestHeader(headerName, required, defaultValue, methodParam, webRequest, handler);
            }
            else if (requestBodyFound) {
                args[i] = resolveRequestBody(methodParam, webRequest, handler);
            }
            else if (cookieName != null) {
                args[i] = resolveCookieValue(cookieName, required, defaultValue, methodParam, webRequest, handler);
            }
            else if (pathVarName != null) {
                args[i] = resolvePathVariable(pathVarName, methodParam, webRequest, handler);
            }
            else if (attrName != null) {
                WebDataBinder binder =
                        resolveModelAttribute(attrName, methodParam, implicitModel, webRequest, handler);
                boolean assignBindingResult = (args.length > i + 1 && Errors.class.isAssignableFrom(paramTypes[i + 1]));
                if (binder.getTarget() != null) {
                    doBind(binder, webRequest, validate, !assignBindingResult);
                }
                args[i] = binder.getTarget();
                if (assignBindingResult) {
                    args[i + 1] = binder.getBindingResult();
                    i++;
                }
                implicitModel.putAll(binder.getBindingResult().getModel());
            }
        }
     // 返回参数值数组
        return args;
    }

ApplicationContext

//1、定位配置文件
is = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(location);
//2、载入
config.load(is);
//3、注册,把所有class找出来存着  
String packageName = config.getProperty("scanPackage");
doRegister(packageName);
//4、实例化需要ioc的对象(就是加了@Service,@Controller),只要循环class了
//把所有扫描到的类实例化出来
doCreateBean();
//5、注入,依赖注入
populate();

DispatcherServlet

public class GPDispatcherServlet extends HttpServlet {

    private static final String LOCATION = "contextConfigLocation";

    private List<Handler> handlerList = new ArrayList<Handler>();

    private Map<Handler, HandlerAdapter> adapterMapping = new HashMap<Handler, HandlerAdapter>();

    private List<ViewResolver> viewResolvers = new ArrayList<ViewResolver>();

    //初始化我们的IOC容器
    @Override
    public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {
        //IOC容器必须要先初始化
        //假装容器已启动
        GPApplicationContext context = new GPApplicationContext(config.getInitParameter(LOCATION));

        //============== 重要 ================
        //解析url和Method的关联关系
        initHandlerMappings(context);
        //适配器(匹配的过程)
        initHandlerAdapters(context);
        //============== 重要 ================

        //异常解析
        initHandlerExceptionResolvers(context);
        //视图转发(根据视图名字匹配到一个具体模板)
        initRequestToViewNameTranslator(context);

        //解析模板中的内容(拿到服务器传过来的数据,生成HTML代码)
        initViewResolvers(context);

        initFlashMapManager(context);

        System.out.println("GPSpring MVC is init.");
    }

    //解析url和Method的关联关系
    private void initHandlerMappings(GPApplicationContext context) {
        Map<String, Object> ioc = context.getAll();
        if (ioc.isEmpty()) {
            return;
        }
        //只要是由Cotroller修饰类,里面方法全部找出来
        //而且这个方法上应该要加了RequestMaping注解,如果没加这个注解,这个方法是不能被外界来访问的
        for (Entry<String, Object> entry : ioc.entrySet()) {
            Class<?> clazz = entry.getValue().getClass();
            if (!clazz.isAnnotationPresent(GPController.class)) {
                continue;
            }
            String url = "";
            if (clazz.isAnnotationPresent(GPRequestMapping.class)) {
                GPRequestMapping requestMapping = clazz.getAnnotation(GPRequestMapping.class);
                url = requestMapping.value();
            }

            //扫描Controller下面的所有的方法
            Method[] methods = clazz.getMethods();
            for (Method method : methods) {
                if (!method.isAnnotationPresent(GPRequestMapping.class)) {
                    continue;
                }
                GPRequestMapping requestMapping = method.getAnnotation(GPRequestMapping.class);
                String regex = (url + requestMapping.value()).replaceAll("/+", "/");
                Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(regex);
                handlerList.add(new Handler(pattern, entry.getValue(), method));
                System.out.println("Mapping: " + regex + " " + method.toString());
            }
        }
        //RequestMapping 会配置一个url,那么一个url就对应一个方法,并将这个关系保存到Map中
    }

    //适配器(匹配的过程)
    //主要是用来动态匹配我们参数的
    private void initHandlerAdapters(GPApplicationContext context) {
        if (handlerList.isEmpty()) {
            return;
        }
        //参数类型作为key,参数的索引号作为值
        Map<String, Integer> paramMapping = new HashMap<String, Integer>();
        //只需要取出来具体的某个方法
        for (Handler handler : handlerList) {
            //把这个方法上面所有的参数全部获取到
            Class<?>[] paramsTypes = handler.getMethod().getParameterTypes();
            //有顺序,但是通过反射,没法拿到我们参数名字
            //匹配自定参数列表
            for (int i = 0; i < paramsTypes.length; i++) {
                Class<?> type = paramsTypes[i];
                if (type == HttpServletRequest.class || type == HttpServletResponse.class) {
                    paramMapping.put(type.getName(), i);
                }
            }
            //这里是匹配Request和Response
            Annotation[][] pa = handler.getMethod().getParameterAnnotations();
            for (int i = 0; i < pa.length; i++) {
                for (Annotation a : pa[i]) {
                    if (a instanceof GPRequestParam) {
                        String paramName = ((GPRequestParam) a).value();
                        if (!"".equals(paramName.trim())) {
                            paramMapping.put(paramName, i);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            adapterMapping.put(handler, new HandlerAdapter(paramMapping));
        }
    }

    //异常解析
    private void initHandlerExceptionResolvers(GPApplicationContext context) {
    }

    //视图转发(根据视图名字匹配到一个具体模板)
    private void initRequestToViewNameTranslator(GPApplicationContext context) {
    }

    //解析模板中的内容(拿到服务器传过来的数据,生成HTML代码)
    private void initViewResolvers(GPApplicationContext context) {
        //模板一般是不会放到WebRoot下的,而是放在WEB-INF下,或者classes下
        //这样就避免了用户直接请求到模板
        //加载模板的个数,存储到缓存中
        //检查模板中的语法错误

        String tempateRoot = context.getConfig().getProperty("templateRoot");

        //归根到底就是一个文件,普通文件
        String rootPath = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource(tempateRoot).getFile();

        File rootDir = new File(rootPath);
        for (File template : rootDir.listFiles()) {
            viewResolvers.add(new ViewResolver(template.getName(), template));
        }
    }

    private void initFlashMapManager(GPApplicationContext context) {
    }

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(req, resp);
    }

    //在这里调用自己写的Controller的方法
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        try {
            doDispatch(req, resp);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            resp.getWriter().write("500 Exception, Msg :" + Arrays.toString(e.getStackTrace()));
        }
    }

    private Handler getHandler(HttpServletRequest req) {
        //循环handlerMapping
        if (handlerList.isEmpty()) {
            return null;
        }
        String url = req.getRequestURI();
        String contextPath = req.getContextPath();
        url = url.replace(contextPath, "").replaceAll("/+", "/");
        for (Handler handler : handlerList) {
            Matcher matcher = handler.getPattern().matcher(url);
            if (!matcher.matches()) {
                continue;
            }
            return handler;
        }
        return null;
    }

    private HandlerAdapter getHandlerAdapter(Handler handler) {
        if (adapterMapping.isEmpty()) {
            return null;
        }
        return adapterMapping.get(handler);
    }

    private void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws Exception {
        try {
            //先取出来一个Handler,从HandlerMapping取
            Handler handler = getHandler(req);
            if (handler == null) {
                resp.getWriter().write("404 Not Found");
                return;
            }
            //再取出来一个适配器
            //再由适配去调用我们具体的方法
            HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(handler);
            GPModelAndView mv = ha.handle(req, resp, handler);
            //咕泡模板   @{name}
            applyDefaultViewName(resp, mv);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private void applyDefaultViewName(HttpServletResponse resp, GPModelAndView mv) throws Exception {
        if (null == mv) {
            return;
        }
        if (viewResolvers.isEmpty()) {
            return;
        }
        for (ViewResolver resolver : viewResolvers) {
            if (!mv.getView().equals(resolver.getViewName())) {
                continue;
            }
            String r = resolver.parse(mv);
            if (r != null) {
                resp.getWriter().write(r);
                break;
            }
        }
    }
}
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