每日阅读(七)
第011句
It was no coincidence that his car was seen near the bank at the time of the robbery.
译文:劫案发生的时候,他的车在银行旁边被发现,这不是巧合。
点睛:该句为“it+ be+名词+that从句”的句式,其中it为形式主语,that引导的是主语从句。当作主语的句子较长时,通常要将其后置,以免出现头重脚轻的情况。
考点归纳:引导主语从句的连接词主要有以下三种:
- 连词that,whether等:
It’s certain that prices will go up.
物价要上涨是肯定的。
- 连接代词who,what,which以及其强调形式
whoever.whatever, whichever:
Whatever you did was right.
你所做的一切都是对的。
- 连接副词when.where,how,why等:
It's not important why he left.
他为什么离开并不重要。
第012句
One of the responsibilities of the Coast Guard is to make sure that all ships dutifully follow traffic rules in busy harbors.
译文:海岸警卫队的职责之一是:确保所有船只在繁忙的港口严格遵守进出港规则。
点睛:句子的主语为one,而非responsibilities或Coast Guard.因此系动词用is。that引导的是make sure的宾语从句,其中dutifully为follow的状语,意为“尽职地”。
第013句
Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions, be they Christian, Islamic, Buddhist, Jewish, and so on.
译文:我们用church这个词来指代所有的宗教机构,包括基督教、伊斯兰教、佛教、犹太教,等等。
点睛:as we use the word是以church为先行词的定语从句,其中as是the word的同位语。be they Christian.Islamic...相当于whether they are Christian.Islamic...,表不“不管它们是基督教、伊斯兰教…”,是倒装句的一种情况,省略了whether引导的让步状语从句,常用be+主语+其他。
第014句
Conversation becomes weaker in a society that spends so much time listening and being talked to that it has all but lost the will and the skill to speak for itself.
译文:在一个人们花很多时间听他人说话和听他人对自己说话的社会,社会已经失去了为自身说话的意愿和技巧,这时会话的力量就变弱了。
点睛:第一个that引导的是以society为先行词的定语从句。so和第二个that构成so...that...句型,表示“太…以至于/以致”.that引导的是结果状语从句。spend time( in) doing sth.表示“花时间做某事”。介词but出现在all之后表示“除…之外什么都没有”,用以表示强调。
考点归纳:以下两种搭配均可以表示“花时间做某事”:
- spend some time on sth./(in) doing sth.
He spent two hours on computer games.
他花了两个小时玩电脑游戏。
I spent half a day( in) doing the homework.
我花了半天的时间做家庭作业。
- it takes sb. some time to do sth.
It took me half a day to wash my clothes.
洗衣服花了我半天的时间。
第015句
One difficulty in translation lies in obtaining a concept match. By this is meant that a concept in one language is lost or changed in meaning in translation.
译文:翻译的困难之一在于获得相对应的概念,也就是说,在翻译过程中,一种语言中的某一概念的含义会丧失或改变。
点睛:名词difficulty常与介词in搭配,表示“…方面的困难”。句型By...is meant that...可以看成是What is meant by...?的变形,用于解释说明前文的内容。
考点归纳:和mean有关的常见句型还有:
- I mean…我的意思是…,我是说…
I mean it's unfair,
我是说这不公平。
- What do you mean by...?你怎么能做/说…?
What do you mean by calling me at this time of night?
你怎么这么晚还给我打电话?
- be meant to do sth.应该做某事
The police are meant to protect people.
警察应该保护人民。