底层原理(七)------RunLoop
2021-05-27 本文已影响0人
SwordDevil
控制器:bt:打印函数调用栈
简介
一、什么是RunLoop
二、如果没有RunLoop 程序在执行完NSLog后 直接return 0;
三、如果有了RunLoop
RunLoop对象
iOS 中有2套API来访问和使用RunLoop
1.Foundation:NSRunLoop
2.Core Foundation:CFRunLoopRef
NSRunLoop和CFRunLoopRef都代表着RunLoop对象
1.NSRunLoop是基于CFRunLoopRef的一层OC包装
2.CFRunLoopRef是开源的 (https://opensource.apple.com/tarballs/CF/)
例子:
NSRunLoop *runloop = [NSRunLoop currentRunLoop];
CFRunLoopRef runloop2 = CFRunLoopGetCurrent();
RunLoop与线程
- 每条线程都有唯一的一个与之对应的RunLoop对象
- RunLoop保存在一个全局的Dictionary里,线程作为key,RunLoop作为value
- 线程刚创建时并没有RunLoop对象,RunLoop会在第一次获取它时创建
- RunLoop会在线程结束时销毁
- 主线程的RunLoop已经自动获取(创建),子线程默认没有开启RunLoop
获取RunLoop对象
* Foundation
[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop]; // 获得当前线程的RunLoop对象
[NSRunLoop mainRunLoop]; // 获得主线程的RunLoop对象
* Core Foundation
CFRunLoopGetCurrent(); // 获得当前线程的RunLoop对象
CFRunLoopGetMain(); // 获得主线程的RunLoop对象
RunLoop相关的类
CFRunLoopRef里面包含多个CFRunLoopModeRef,CFRunLoopModeRef存放CFRunLoopSourceRef、CFRunLoopTimerRef、CFRunLoopObserverRef。
Source0
触摸事件处理
performSelector:onThread:
Source1
基于Port的线程间通信
系统事件捕捉
Timers
NSTimer
performSelector:withObject:afterDelay:
Observers
用于监听RunLoop的状态
UI刷新(BeforeWaiting)
Autorelease pool(BeforeWaiting)
CFRunLoopModeRef
- CFRunLoopModeRef代表RunLoop的运行模式
- 一个RunLoop包含若干个Mode,每个Mode又包含若干个Source0/Source1/Timer/Observer
- RunLoop启动时只能选择其中一个Mode,作为currentMode
- 如果需要切换Mode,只能退出当前Loop,再重新选择一个Mode进入
不同组的Source0/Source1/Timer/Observer能分隔开来,互不影响 - 如果Mode里没有任何Source0/Source1/Timer/Observer,RunLoop会立马退出
常见的2种Mode:
- kCFRunLoopDefaultMode(NSDefaultRunLoopMode):App的默认Mode,通常主线程是在这个Mode下运行
- UITrackingRunLoopMode:界面跟踪 Mode,用于 ScrollView 追踪触摸滑动,保证界面滑动时不受其他 Mode 影响
- kCFRunLoopCommonModes:通用模式,默认包括kCFRunLoopDefaultMode、UITrackingRunLoopMode
CFRunLoopObserverRef
void observeRunLoopActicities(CFRunLoopObserverRef observer, CFRunLoopActivity activity, void *info)
{
switch (activity) {
case kCFRunLoopEntry: // 即将进入Loop
NSLog(@"kCFRunLoopEntry");
break;
case kCFRunLoopBeforeTimers: // 即将处理Timer
NSLog(@"kCFRunLoopBeforeTimers");
break;
case kCFRunLoopBeforeSources: // 即将处理Source
NSLog(@"kCFRunLoopBeforeSources");
break;
case kCFRunLoopBeforeWaiting: // 即将进入睡眠
NSLog(@"kCFRunLoopBeforeWaiting");
break;
case kCFRunLoopAfterWaiting: // 刚从睡眠中唤醒
NSLog(@"kCFRunLoopAfterWaiting");
break;
case kCFRunLoopExit: // 即将退出Loop
NSLog(@"kCFRunLoopExit");
break;
default:
break;
}
}
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
// kCFRunLoopCommonModes默认包括kCFRunLoopDefaultMode、UITrackingRunLoopMode
// 创建Observer 方式一
// CFRunLoopObserverRef observer = CFRunLoopObserverCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, kCFRunLoopAllActivities, YES, 0, observeRunLoopActicities, NULL);
// // 添加Observer到RunLoop中
// CFRunLoopAddObserver(CFRunLoopGetMain(), observer, kCFRunLoopCommonModes);
// // 释放
// CFRelease(observer);
// 创建Observer 方式二
CFRunLoopObserverRef observer = CFRunLoopObserverCreateWithHandler(kCFAllocatorDefault, kCFRunLoopAllActivities, YES, 0, ^(CFRunLoopObserverRef observer, CFRunLoopActivity activity) {
switch (activity) {
case kCFRunLoopEntry: {
CFRunLoopMode mode = CFRunLoopCopyCurrentMode(CFRunLoopGetCurrent());
NSLog(@"kCFRunLoopEntry - %@", mode);
CFRelease(mode);
break;
}
case kCFRunLoopExit: {
CFRunLoopMode mode = CFRunLoopCopyCurrentMode(CFRunLoopGetCurrent());
NSLog(@"kCFRunLoopExit - %@", mode);
CFRelease(mode);
break;
}
default:
break;
}
});
// 添加Observer到RunLoop中
CFRunLoopAddObserver(CFRunLoopGetMain(), observer, kCFRunLoopCommonModes);
// 释放
CFRelease(observer);
}
RunLoop运行逻辑
苹果官方图片
运行逻辑
文字描述运行逻辑
源码分析:CFRunLoopRunSpecific 这个是入口
SInt32 CFRunLoopRunSpecific(CFRunLoopRef rl, CFStringRef modeName, CFTimeInterval seconds, Boolean returnAfterSourceHandled) { /* DOES CALLOUT */
// 通知Observers:进入Loop
__CFRunLoopDoObservers(rl, currentMode, kCFRunLoopEntry);
// 具体要做的事情
result = __CFRunLoopRun(rl, currentMode, seconds, returnAfterSourceHandled, previousMode);
// 通知Observers:退出Loop
__CFRunLoopDoObservers(rl, currentMode, kCFRunLoopExit);
return result;
}
__CFRunLoopRun 源码
static int32_t __CFRunLoopRun(CFRunLoopRef rl, CFRunLoopModeRef rlm, CFTimeInterval seconds, Boolean stopAfterHandle, CFRunLoopModeRef previousMode) {
int32_t retVal = 0;
do {
// 通知Observers:即将处理Timers
__CFRunLoopDoObservers(rl, rlm, kCFRunLoopBeforeTimers);
// 通知Observers:即将处理Sources
__CFRunLoopDoObservers(rl, rlm, kCFRunLoopBeforeSources);
// 通知Observers:即将处理Blocks
__CFRunLoopDoBlocks(rl, rlm);
// 处理Sources0
if (__CFRunLoopDoSources0(rl, rlm, stopAfterHandle)) {
// 处理Blocks
__CFRunLoopDoBlocks(rl, rlm);
}
Boolean poll = sourceHandledThisLoop || (0ULL == timeout_context->termTSR);
// 判断有无Sources1
if (__CFRunLoopServiceMachPort(dispatchPort, &msg, sizeof(msg_buffer), &livePort, 0, &voucherState, NULL)) {
// 如果有Sources1 就跳转到handle_msg
goto handle_msg;
}
// 通知Observers:即将休眠
__CFRunLoopDoObservers(rl, rlm, kCFRunLoopBeforeWaiting);
__CFRunLoopSetSleeping(rl);
// 等待别的消息来唤醒当前线程
__CFRunLoopServiceMachPort(waitSet, &msg, sizeof(msg_buffer), &livePort, poll ? 0 : TIMEOUT_INFINITY, &voucherState, &voucherCopy);
__CFRunLoopUnsetSleeping(rl);
// 通知Observers:结束睡眠
__CFRunLoopDoObservers(rl, rlm, kCFRunLoopAfterWaiting);
handle_msg:
if (被Timer唤醒) {
// 处理Timers
__CFRunLoopDoTimers(rl, rlm, mach_absolute_time()
} else if (被GCD唤醒) {
// 处理GCD
__CFRUNLOOP_IS_SERVICING_THE_MAIN_DISPATCH_QUEUE__(msg);
} else { // 被Sources1唤醒
// 处理Sources1
__CFRunLoopDoSource1(rl, rlm, rls) || sourceHandledThisLoop;
}
// 处理Blocks
__CFRunLoopDoBlocks(rl, rlm);
if (sourceHandledThisLoop && stopAfterHandle) {
retVal = kCFRunLoopRunHandledSource;
} else if (timeout_context->termTSR < mach_absolute_time()) {
retVal = kCFRunLoopRunTimedOut;
} else if (__CFRunLoopIsStopped(rl)) {
__CFRunLoopUnsetStopped(rl);
retVal = kCFRunLoopRunStopped;
} else if (rlm->_stopped) {
rlm->_stopped = false;
retVal = kCFRunLoopRunStopped;
} else if (__CFRunLoopModeIsEmpty(rl, rlm, previousMode)) {
retVal = kCFRunLoopRunFinished;
}
} while (0 == retVal);
return retVal;
}
特殊情况
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(0, 0), ^{
// 处理一些子线程的逻辑-> 不依赖RunLoop
// 回到主线程去刷新UI界面
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
// 依赖与RunLoop
NSLog(@"11111111111");
});
});
RunLoop休眠的实现原理
RunLoop在实际开发中的应用
1、控制线程生命周期(线程保活)
2、解决NSTimer在滑动时停止工作的问题
3、监控应用卡顿
4、性能优化
面试题
1、程序中添加每3秒响应一次的NSTimer,当拖动tableview时timer可能无法响应要怎么解决?
static int count = 0;
NSTimer *timer = [NSTimer timerWithTimeInterval:1.0 repeats:YES block:^(NSTimer * _Nonnull timer) {
NSLog(@"%d", ++count);
}];
// [[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] addTimer:timer forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode];
// [[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] addTimer:timer forMode:UITrackingRunLoopMode];
// NSDefaultRunLoopMode、UITrackingRunLoopMode才是真正存在的模式
// NSRunLoopCommonModes并不是一个真的模式,它只是一个标记
// timer能在_commonModes数组中存放的模式下工作
[[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] addTimer:timer forMode:NSRunLoopCommonModes];
// scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval自动将NSRunLoopModes变成NSDefaultRunLoopMode
// [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:1.0 repeats:YES block:^(NSTimer * _Nonnull timer) {
// NSLog(@"%d", ++count);
// }];
2、如何让线程保活(AFNetworking)
#import "ViewController.h"
#import "MJThread.h"
@interface ViewController ()
@property (strong, nonatomic) MJThread *thread;
@end
@implementation ViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
self.thread = [[MJThread alloc] initWithTarget:self selector:@selector(run) object:nil];
[self.thread start];
}
- (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
{
[self performSelector:@selector(test) onThread:self.thread withObject:nil waitUntilDone:NO];
}
// 子线程需要执行的任务
- (void)test
{
NSLog(@"%s %@", __func__, [NSThread currentThread]);
}
// 这个方法的目的:线程保活
- (void)run {
NSLog(@"%s %@", __func__, [NSThread currentThread]);
// 往RunLoop里面添加Source\Timer\Observer
[[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] addPort:[[NSPort alloc] init] forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode];
[[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] run];
NSLog(@"%s ----end----", __func__);
}
@end
扩展
1、线程保活的封装
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
typedef void (^MJPermenantThreadTask)(void);
@interface MJPermenantThread : NSObject
/**
开启线程
*/
//- (void)run;
/**
在当前子线程执行一个任务
*/
- (void)executeTask:(MJPermenantThreadTask)task;
/**
结束线程
*/
- (void)stop;
@end
#import "MJPermenantThread.h"
/** MJThread **/
@interface MJThread : NSThread
@end
@implementation MJThread
- (void)dealloc
{
NSLog(@"%s", __func__);
}
@end
/** MJPermenantThread **/
@interface MJPermenantThread()
@property (strong, nonatomic) MJThread *innerThread;
@property (assign, nonatomic, getter=isStopped) BOOL stopped;
@end
@implementation MJPermenantThread
#pragma mark - public methods
- (instancetype)init
{
if (self = [super init]) {
self.stopped = NO;
__weak typeof(self) weakSelf = self;
self.innerThread = [[MJThread alloc] initWithBlock:^{
[[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] addPort:[[NSPort alloc] init] forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode];
while (weakSelf && !weakSelf.isStopped) {
[[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] runMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode beforeDate:[NSDate distantFuture]];
}
}];
[self.innerThread start];
}
return self;
}
//- (void)run
//{
// if (!self.innerThread) return;
//
// [self.innerThread start];
//}
- (void)executeTask:(MJPermenantThreadTask)task
{
if (!self.innerThread || !task) return;
[self performSelector:@selector(__executeTask:) onThread:self.innerThread withObject:task waitUntilDone:NO];
}
- (void)stop
{
if (!self.innerThread) return;
[self performSelector:@selector(__stop) onThread:self.innerThread withObject:nil waitUntilDone:YES];
}
- (void)dealloc
{
NSLog(@"%s", __func__);
[self stop];
}
#pragma mark - private methods
- (void)__stop
{
self.stopped = YES;
CFRunLoopStop(CFRunLoopGetCurrent());
self.innerThread = nil;
}
- (void)__executeTask:(MJPermenantThreadTask)task
{
task();
}
@end
2、CFRunLoopRef创建线程保活
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
typedef void (^MJPermenantThreadTask)(void);
@interface MJPermenantThread : NSObject
/**
开启线程
*/
//- (void)run;
/**
在当前子线程执行一个任务
*/
- (void)executeTask:(MJPermenantThreadTask)task;
/**
结束线程
*/
- (void)stop;
@end
#import "MJPermenantThread.h"
/** MJThread **/
@interface MJThread : NSThread
@end
@implementation MJThread
- (void)dealloc
{
NSLog(@"%s", __func__);
}
@end
/** MJPermenantThread **/
@interface MJPermenantThread()
@property (strong, nonatomic) MJThread *innerThread;
@end
@implementation MJPermenantThread
#pragma mark - public methods
- (instancetype)init
{
if (self = [super init]) {
self.innerThread = [[MJThread alloc] initWithBlock:^{
NSLog(@"begin----");
// 创建上下文(要初始化一下结构体)
CFRunLoopSourceContext context = {0};
// 创建source
CFRunLoopSourceRef source = CFRunLoopSourceCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, 0, &context);
// 往Runloop中添加source
CFRunLoopAddSource(CFRunLoopGetCurrent(), source, kCFRunLoopDefaultMode);
// 销毁source
CFRelease(source);
// 启动
CFRunLoopRunInMode(kCFRunLoopDefaultMode, 1.0e10, false);
// while (weakSelf && !weakSelf.isStopped) {
// // 第3个参数:returnAfterSourceHandled,设置为true,代表执行完source后就会退出当前loop
// CFRunLoopRunInMode(kCFRunLoopDefaultMode, 1.0e10, true);
// }
NSLog(@"end----");
}];
[self.innerThread start];
}
return self;
}
//- (void)run
//{
// if (!self.innerThread) return;
//
// [self.innerThread start];
//}
- (void)executeTask:(MJPermenantThreadTask)task
{
if (!self.innerThread || !task) return;
[self performSelector:@selector(__executeTask:) onThread:self.innerThread withObject:task waitUntilDone:NO];
}
- (void)stop
{
if (!self.innerThread) return;
[self performSelector:@selector(__stop) onThread:self.innerThread withObject:nil waitUntilDone:YES];
}
- (void)dealloc
{
NSLog(@"%s", __func__);
[self stop];
}
#pragma mark - private methods
- (void)__stop
{
CFRunLoopStop(CFRunLoopGetCurrent());
self.innerThread = nil;
}
- (void)__executeTask:(MJPermenantThreadTask)task
{
task();
}
@end