树莓派配置wifi的几种方法.md

[TOC]

参考：
https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/91f5db1b9daa3e5c7f05e3e8.html
^_

配置

A、桌面界面配置

略

B、字符图形界面配置

shell中运行 raspi-config，选择network options，选择Wi-Fi，然后输入SSID和密码，重启系统后即可。

C、shell界面配置

打开/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf增加如下内容

network={
        ssid="[你的网络名称]"
        psk="[你的网络密码]"}

psk还可以是32字节的预加密16进制数。该参数可以用wpa_passphrase生成：

# wpa_passphrase my_ssid
 reading passphrase from stdin
此处输入ssid的密码
network={
        ssid="my_ssid"
        #psk="1234567890"
        psk=7c225accef682c20977c929d94e9ac56191c0a50d55c35a16cd92fcf074ecc45
}

将以上内容追加到配置文件中（/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf）
或者直接这样：wpa_passphrase "my_ssid" >> /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

运行命令，使配置生效：wpa_cli -i wlan0 reconfigure

# wpa_cli -i wlan0  reconfigure
OK

a、如果网络没有密码，则设置 key_mgmt=NONE；

network={
        ssid="my_ssid"
        key_mgmt=NONE
}

b、如果网络是隐藏的，需要加一个scan_ssid配置；

network={
        ssid="my_ssid"
        psk="1234567890"
        scan_ssid=1
}

c、此外可以设置多个网络，并设置不同的优先级参数priority；

network={
        ssid="my_ssid1"
        psk="1234567890"
        priority=1
}
#
network={
        ssid="my_ssid2"
        psk="1234567890"
        priority=2
}

另：

列出可用网络

列出所有的可用wifi网络：iwlist wlan0 scan，SSID有时候很复杂，输入不方便时很有用

ESSID就是wifi的网络名称
IE: IEEE 802.11i/WPA2 Version 1表示需要认证登录，使用WPA2加密

# iwlist wlan0 scan
wlan0  Scan completed :
          Cell 01 - Address: 70:85:40:58:4B:54
                    Channel:1
                    Frequency:2.412 GHz (Channel 1)
                    Quality=50/70  Signal level=-60 dBm  
                    Encryption key:on
                    ESSID:"CandyTime_57AD84"
                    Bit Rates:1 Mb/s; 2 Mb/s; 5.5 Mb/s; 11 Mb/s; 18 Mb/s
                              24 Mb/s; 36 Mb/s; 54 Mb/s
                    Bit Rates:6 Mb/s; 9 Mb/s; 12 Mb/s; 48 Mb/s
                    Mode:Master
                    Extra:tsf=000000006e7d2815
                    Extra: Last beacon: 30ms ago
                    IE: Unknown: 001043616E647954696D655F353741443834
                    IE: Unknown: 010882848B962430486C
                    IE: Unknown: 030101
                    IE: Unknown: 2A0100
                    IE: Unknown: 32040C121860
                    IE: IEEE 802.11i/WPA2 Version 1
                        Group Cipher : CCMP
                        Pairwise Ciphers (1) : CCMP
                        Authentication Suites (1) : PSK
                    IE: Unknown: 0B050100130000
                    IE: Unknown: 46057208010000
                    IE: Unknown: 2D1ABC091BFFFF000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
                    IE: Unknown: 3D1601080000000000000000000000000000000000000000
                    IE: Unknown: 7F080400080000000040
                    IE: Unknown: DD090010180201000C0000
                    IE: Unknown: DD180050F2020101800003A4000027A4000042435E0062322F00

查看wifi连接状态速度等

iwconfig
iwconfig 网卡名
cat /proc/net/wireless

iwconfig

$ iwconfig
enxb827eb5d7a4e  no wireless extensions.

lo        no wireless extensions.

wlan0  IEEE 802.11  ESSID:"mik"  
          Mode:Managed  Frequency:2.457 GHz  Access Point: F0:B4:29:86:4E:6D   
          Bit Rate=1 Mb/s   Tx-Power=20 dBm   
          Retry short limit:7   RTS thr=2347 B   Fragment thr:off
          Power Management:off
          Link Quality=70/70  Signal level=-24 dBm  
          Rx invalid nwid:0  Rx invalid crypt:0  Rx invalid frag:0
          Tx excessive retries:0  Invalid misc:2   Missed beacon:0

proc

$ cat /proc/net/wireless
Inter-| sta-|   Quality        |   Discarded packets               | Missed | WE
 face | tus | link level noise |  nwid  crypt   frag  retry   misc | beacon | 22
wlan0: 0000   70.  -16.  -256        0      0      0      0      2        0