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AFNetworking源码探究(一) —— 基本介绍

2018-02-27  本文已影响688人  刀客传奇

版本记录

版本号 时间
V1.0 2018.02.27

前言

我们做APP发起网络请求,都离不开一个非常有用的框架AFNetworking,可以说这个框架的知名度已经超过了苹果的底层网络请求部分,很多人可能不知道苹果底层是如何发起网络请求的,但是一定知道AFNetworking,接下来几篇我们就一起详细的解析一下这个框架。

整体了解

首先我们就看一下AFN在GitHub中的地址 —— AFN

下面是AFN的一个作者

下面看一下框架的基本结构


安装

安装有两种方式CocoaPodsCarthage

使用CocoaPods,用下面命令安装CocoaPods

$ gem install cocoapods

构建AFNetworking 3.0.0+需要CocoaPods 0.39.0+版本

按照下面方式修改Podfile

source 'https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git'
platform :ios, '8.0'

target 'TargetName' do
pod 'AFNetworking', '~> 3.0'
end

运行下面代码,安装

$ pod install

使用Homebrew以及下面的命令行安装Carthage

$ brew update
$ brew install carthage

在Cartfile文件中,指定要集成到xcode项目中的AFN版本

github "AFNetworking/AFNetworking" ~> 3.0

运行carthage构建库,并将构建好的AFNetworking.framework拖动到xcode的项目中。


版本需求


详细架构

下面我们就看一下AFN的详细架构。

NSURLSession

Serialization

Additional Functionality

也可以参考下面的图


使用

1. AFURLSessionManager

AFURLSessionManager基于遵循<NSURLSessionTaskDelegate>,<NSURLSessionDataDelegate>,<NSURLSessionDownloadDelegate><NSURLSessionDelegate>的指定NSURLSessionConfiguration对象创建和管理NSURLSession对象。

Creating a Download Task - 创建一个Download Task

NSURLSessionConfiguration *configuration = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];
AFURLSessionManager *manager = [[AFURLSessionManager alloc] initWithSessionConfiguration:configuration];

NSURL *URL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://example.com/download.zip"];
NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:URL];

NSURLSessionDownloadTask *downloadTask = [manager downloadTaskWithRequest:request progress:nil destination:^NSURL *(NSURL *targetPath, NSURLResponse *response) {
    NSURL *documentsDirectoryURL = [[NSFileManager defaultManager] URLForDirectory:NSDocumentDirectory inDomain:NSUserDomainMask appropriateForURL:nil create:NO error:nil];
    return [documentsDirectoryURL URLByAppendingPathComponent:[response suggestedFilename]];
} completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, NSURL *filePath, NSError *error) {
    NSLog(@"File downloaded to: %@", filePath);
}];
[downloadTask resume];

Creating an Upload Task - 创建一个Upload Task

NSURLSessionConfiguration *configuration = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];
AFURLSessionManager *manager = [[AFURLSessionManager alloc] initWithSessionConfiguration:configuration];

NSURL *URL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://example.com/upload"];
NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:URL];

NSURL *filePath = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"file://path/to/image.png"];
NSURLSessionUploadTask *uploadTask = [manager uploadTaskWithRequest:request fromFile:filePath progress:nil completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, id responseObject, NSError *error) {
    if (error) {
        NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);
    } else {
        NSLog(@"Success: %@ %@", response, responseObject);
    }
}];
[uploadTask resume];

Creating an Upload Task for a Multi-Part Request, with Progress - 为具有进度的多部分请求创建上传任务

NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer] multipartFormRequestWithMethod:@"POST" URLString:@"http://example.com/upload" parameters:nil constructingBodyWithBlock:^(id<AFMultipartFormData> formData) {
        [formData appendPartWithFileURL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"file://path/to/image.jpg"] name:@"file" fileName:@"filename.jpg" mimeType:@"image/jpeg" error:nil];
    } error:nil];

AFURLSessionManager *manager = [[AFURLSessionManager alloc] initWithSessionConfiguration:[NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration]];

NSURLSessionUploadTask *uploadTask;
uploadTask = [manager
              uploadTaskWithStreamedRequest:request
              progress:^(NSProgress * _Nonnull uploadProgress) {
                  // This is not called back on the main queue.
                  // You are responsible for dispatching to the main queue for UI updates
                  dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
                      //Update the progress view
                      [progressView setProgress:uploadProgress.fractionCompleted];
                  });
              }
              completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse * _Nonnull response, id  _Nullable responseObject, NSError * _Nullable error) {
                  if (error) {
                      NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);
                  } else {
                      NSLog(@"%@ %@", response, responseObject);
                  }
              }];

[uploadTask resume];

Creating a Data Task - 创建数据任务

NSURLSessionConfiguration *configuration = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];
AFURLSessionManager *manager = [[AFURLSessionManager alloc] initWithSessionConfiguration:configuration];

NSURL *URL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://httpbin.org/get"];
NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:URL];

NSURLSessionDataTask *dataTask = [manager dataTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, id responseObject, NSError *error) {
    if (error) {
        NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);
    } else {
        NSLog(@"%@ %@", response, responseObject);
    }
}];
[dataTask resume];

2. Request Serialization

请求序列化器从URL字符串创建请求,将参数编码为查询字符串或HTTP正文。

NSString *URLString = @"http://example.com";
NSDictionary *parameters = @{@"foo": @"bar", @"baz": @[@1, @2, @3]};

Query String Parameter Encoding - 查询字符串参数编码

[[AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer] requestWithMethod:@"GET" URLString:URLString parameters:parameters error:nil];
GET http://example.com?foo=bar&baz[]=1&baz[]=2&baz[]=3

URL Form Parameter Encoding - URL表单参数编码

[[AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer] requestWithMethod:@"POST" URLString:URLString parameters:parameters error:nil];
POST http://example.com/
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded

foo=bar&baz[]=1&baz[]=2&baz[]=3

JSON Parameter Encoding - JSON参数编码

[[AFJSONRequestSerializer serializer] requestWithMethod:@"POST" URLString:URLString parameters:parameters error:nil];
POST http://example.com/
Content-Type: application/json

{"foo": "bar", "baz": [1,2,3]}

3. Network Reachability Manager

AFNetworkReachabilityManager监控域的可达性,以及WWAN和WiFi网络接口的地址。

可以参考 WWDC 2012 session 706, "Networking Best Practices.

Shared Network Reachability

[[AFNetworkReachabilityManager sharedManager] setReachabilityStatusChangeBlock:^(AFNetworkReachabilityStatus status) {
    NSLog(@"Reachability: %@", AFStringFromNetworkReachabilityStatus(status));
}];

[[AFNetworkReachabilityManager sharedManager] startMonitoring];

4. Security Policy

AFSecurityPolicy通过安全连接评估针对固定的X.509证书和公钥的服务器信任。

将固定的SSL证书添加到您的应用程序有助于防止中间人攻击和其他漏洞。 强烈建议处理敏感客户数据或财务信息的应用程序通过HTTPS连接路由所有通信,并配置启用SSL pinning

Allowing Invalid SSL Certificates - 允许无效的SSL证书

AFHTTPSessionManager *manager = [AFHTTPSessionManager manager];
manager.securityPolicy.allowInvalidCertificates = YES; // not recommended for production

单元测试

AFNetworking在Tests子目录中包含一套单元测试。 这些测试可以运行,只需在您想测试的平台框架上执行测试操作即可。

后记

本篇作为AFNetworking的介绍篇,内容主要来自GitHub,比较简单。后面会对源码进行深入分析,感兴趣的可以关注我~~~

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