10-Not for jazz 不适于演奏爵士乐

单词讲解

• 1、jazz n.爵士音乐

• 2、musical adj.音乐的

• 3、instrument n.仪器

• 4、clavichord n.古钢琴

• 5、recently adv.最近

• 6、damage v.损坏

damage 可以修复地损坏 
destroy/ruin 不可修复地损坏 
destroy 瞬间的损坏
ruin 慢慢地损坏 
spoil 精神上损坏

• 7、key n.琴键

key structure 关键句型
key point 关键点

• 8、string n.(乐器的)弦

• 9、shock v.使不悦或生气，震惊

surprise 高不高兴地吃惊    n.  vt
shock 生气的吃惊    n.  vi

课文&语法讲解

1、语法

• 1、被动语态

构成： be + done
               am is are + done 一般现在时
                            例：他每天被打
                                      He is beaten every day.
               was were + done 一般过去
                            例：他昨天被打
                                      He was beaten yesterday.
               been + done 现在完成
                            例:  他已经被打了
                                      He's already been beaten
               am/is/are + being + done 进行时
                            例：他现在正在被打
                                      He is being beaten.
               will be + done 将来时
                            例：他明天将要被打
                                      He will be beaten tomorrow.
                                  

怎么用：
          1、这个动词得有宾语，及物动词有宾语。
                  1、狗吃了那个蛋糕  
                         主语              宾语
                          蛋糕被狗吃了

          2、不及物不可以加宾语，但是加介词就可以宾语了。

何时用被动语态
          1、不知道动作发出者
                 It is broken.  

          2、强调动作的发出者
                  He breaks it & It is broken by him.
          
          3、没必要提出动作的发出者
                 A new building was built.

例句
        一般过去时
        1、狗吃了那个蛋糕
               The dog ate the cake.
                ?吃了那个蛋糕，不知道主语是谁？所以需要这样表达，蛋糕被吃了
                The cake was eaten

        2、他昨晚被杀了
                He was killed last night.

         3、她的钱包昨天丢了
                Her wallet was lost yesterday.

         4、这几辆车是上周修好的
                The cars was repaired last week.
      
         5、我昨天被邀请去参加他的生日聚会
                I was invited to his birthday party yesterday.
          
         6、一座新的大楼去年被建造了
                The new building was built last year.    

          7、这座体育场建于1998年。
                The stadium was built in 1998.

          8、罗马不是1天建成的
                  Rome was not built in a day. 

        一般现在时                
        1、教室每天都打扫
               Classrooms is cleaned every day. 

        2、他被杀了
                He is killed.
      
         3、手表坏了
                 The watch is broken.

          4、她儿子被送到学校去了
                  Her son was token to school

          5、全世界都说英语。
                  English is spoken all over the world.

          现在进行时
          1、人们现在正在被广告所影响 
                People are being influenced by advertisements.

2、课文

• 1、We have an old musical instrument.

musical instrument 乐器

• 2、It is called a clavichord.

它被叫做古钢琴

一般现在时被动

• 3、It was made in germany in 1681.

一般过去时被动

• 4、Our clavichord is kept in the living room.

is kept 被保存

一般现在时被动

• 5、It has belonged to our family for a long time.

sth. belong to sb. ...属于某人

现在完成时

• 6、The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago.

过去时被动

• 7、Recently it was damaged by a visitor.

过去时被动

• 8、She tried to play jazz on it!

try to do 努力、尽力

• 9、She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken.

1、过去分词
        strike struck struck 敲打
        break broke broken 损坏，弄坏

2、过去时被动

3、
        two of the strings 很多根中的两根弦
        two strings 两根弦

4、句子很多形容词来自于动词的变化
        broken   adj. 破碎的；坏掉的

• 10、My father was shocked.

过去时被动

shocked由动词引早为形容词使用

• 11、Now we are not allowed to touch it.

现在时 被动

• 12、It is being repaired by a friend of my father's

1、正在进行时 被动

2、a friend of my father's 双重所有格。不重要
       名词所有格    
                  Lily's book          Lily的书
                  the door of the room  房间的门
                  根据词序，来使用's和of

      双重所有格, 使用了's，又使用了of