2019-03-15-Uber, the Mother of A
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原文载于FORTUNE杂志：http://fortune.com/2019/03/13/facial-recognition-software-pay-subway-fare-ticket/
Uber, the Mother of All Unicorns, Will Finally Begin Its IPO Process in April, Report Says
By KEVIN KELLEHER March 14, 2019
| 原文 | 译文（机译+略改） |
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| Uber is planning to begin its long-delayed IPO process in April, Reuters reported Thursday. The offering, which could value the company at $120 billion—the largest of several tech IPOs in 2019—will probably start after the stock of Lyft, its chief rival, has already debuted. | 据路透社周四报道，优步计划在4月份开始其长期拖延的IPO进程。此次募股可能会使公司市值达到1200亿美元，这是2019年几次科技IPO中规模最大的一次，可能会在其主要竞争对手Lyft的股票上市后开始。 |
| Uber is planning to file its S-1 prospectus with the Securities and Exchange Commission in April and begin its investor roadshow shortly thereafter, Reuters said, citing unnamed people familiar with the matter. Lyft filed its own prospectus on March 1 and is expected to debut in the public stock market later this month. | 路透社(Reuters)援引不具名知情人士的话称，优步计划在4月份向美国证券交易委员会(sec)提交S-1招股说明书，并在不久后开始其投资者路演。Lyft于3月1日提交了自己的招股说明书，预计将于本月晚些时候上市。 |
| Lyft and Uber are not only competing for customers but, in the close timing of their respective IPOs, for investor dollars as well. Typically, being first out the IPO gate gives a competitive advantage, especially when investors are eager to gain exposure in a new, growing industry. In the case of Uber and Lyft, however, many large institutional investors already have access to the companies through participation in private rounds of investment. | Lyft和Uber不仅在争夺客户，而且在各自IPO的关键时刻，也在争夺投资者的资金。通通常情况下，率先上市会带来竞争优势，尤其是当投资者渴望在一个新兴的、不断增长的行业获得敞口时。然而，就优步和Lyft而言，许多大型机构投资者已经通过参与私人投资进入了这两家公司。 |
| Under the leadership of founder Travis Kalanick, Uber was reluctant to go public because of the high underwriting costs and financial scrutiny involved in the process. Kalanick resigned as CEO under pressure in June 2017 after a series of scandals and controversies involving Uber’s aggressive corporate culture. | 在优步创始人特拉维斯•卡兰尼克(Travis Kalanick)的领导下，优步不愿上市，因为这一过程涉及高昂的承销成本和财务审查。2017年6月，卡兰尼克迫于压力辞去了首席执行官一职。此前，Uber咄咄逼人的企业文化引发了一系列丑闻和争议。 |
| Dara Khosrowshahi, Uber’s current CEO, has been focused on cleaning up the company’s financials ahead of an IPO. Uber reportedly saw $11.3 billion in revenue last year and a loss of $3.3 billion. Lyft, by contrast, said in its prospectus that its 2018 revenue totaled $2.2 billion and a loss of $911 million, which according to Axios would be the largest loss ever for a company entering the public markets for the first time. | 优步现任首席执行官达拉•科斯罗沙希(Dara Khosrowshahi)一直专注于在IPO前清理公司财务状况。据报道，优步去年收入113亿美元，亏损33亿美元。相比之下，Lyft在招股说明书中表示，2018年总收入为22亿美元，亏损9.11亿美元。Axios称，这将是首次上市公司有史以来最大的亏损。 |
| While Uber was valued at $72 billion a year ago, the company is said to be hoping for a market cap of $120 after its IPO. Reuters said some analysts expect its market cap to be closer to $100 billion based on the company’s recent financials. Lyft, meanwhile, is looking for a market valuation between $20 billion and $25 billion after being valued at $15 billion in its most recent private funding. | 虽然优步一年前的市值为720亿美元，但据说该公司希望在IPO后市值达到120亿美元。路透社说，根据该公司最近的财务状况，一些分析师预计其市值将接近1000亿美元。与此同时，Lyft正在寻求200亿至250亿美元的市场估值，此前其最近的私人融资估值为150亿美元。 |
- IPO
(abbr)Initial Public Offerings 首次公开募股 - offering
① (N-COUNT) 待售品；出售品 An offering is something that is specially produced to be sold.
② (N-COUNT) 祭品；供品 An offering is a gift that people offer to their God or gods as a form of worship. - stock
① (N-COUNT) 股票;证券 Stocks are shares in the ownership of a company, or investments on which a fixed amount of interest will be paid.
② (N-UNCOUNT) (公司的)股本，股份 A company's stock is the amount of money which the company has through selling shares.
③ (VERB) (商店)存(货)，储备 If a shop stocks particular goods, it keeps a supply of them to sell.
④ (N-UNCOUNT) (商店的)全部存货，库存 A shop's stock is the total amount of goods which it has available to sell.
⑤ (VERB) 在…中储备(或贮存) If you stock something such as a cupboard, shelf, or room, you fill it with food or other things.
⑥ (N-COUNT) 贮存;储备 If you have a stock of things, you have a supply of them stored in a place ready to be used. - chief
① (N-COUNT) (组织机构的)负责人，头儿，首领 The chief of an organization is the person who is in charge of it.
② (N-COUNT; N-TITLE) 酋长;部落首领 The chief of a tribe is its leader.
③ (ADJ) (用于职位头衔)主管的，首席的 Chief is used in the job titles of the most senior worker or workers of a particular kind in an organization.
④ (ADJ) 主要的;最重要的 The chief cause, part, or member of something is the most important one. - rival
① (N-COUNT) 竞争者;对手;敌手 Your rival is a person, business, or organization who you are competing or fighting against in the same area or for the same things.
② (N-COUNT) 没有敌手;独一无二;无人能及 If you say that someone or something has no rivals or is without rival, you mean that it is best of its type.
③ (VERB) 能与…媲美;与…匹敌;与…不分高低 If you say that one thing rivals another, you mean that they are both of the same standard or quality. - debut
(N-COUNT) (表演者或运动员的）首次登台，初次露面；（歌手的）首次录音 The debut of a performer or sports player is their first public performance, appearance, or recording. - file
① (N-COUNT) 文件箱;文件夹 A file is a box or a folded piece of heavy paper or plastic in which letters or documents are kept.
② (N-COUNT) 档案;卷宗 A file is a collection of information about a particular person or thing.
③ (VERB) 把(文件等）归档 If you file a document, you put it in the correct file.
④ (N-COUNT) (计算机的)文件 In computing, a file is a set of related data that has its own name.
⑤ (VERB) 提起(诉讼);提出(投诉、请求等) If you file a formal or legal accusation, complaint, or request, you make it officially.
⑥ (VERB) 发送，送交(新闻报道等) When someone files a report or a news story, they send or give it to their employer. - security
① (N-UNCOUNT) 防卫;保安措施;安全工作 Security refers to all the measures that are taken to protect a place, or to ensure that only people with permission enter it or leave it.
② (N-UNCOUNT) 安全感;无忧无虑 A feeling of security is a feeling of being safe and free from worry.
③ (N-UNCOUNT) 抵押品 If something is security for a loan, you promise to give that thing to the person who lends you money, if you fail to pay the money back.
④ (N-PLURAL) 证券 Securities are stocks, shares, bonds, or other certificates that you buy in order to earn regular interest from them or to sell them later for a profit. - prospectus
(N-COUNT) （学校、公司等的）章程，简章，说明书 A prospectus is a detailed document produced by a college, school, or company, which gives details about it. - investor
(N-COUNT) 投资者;投资机构 An investor is a person or organization that buys stocks or shares, or pays money into a bank in order to receive a profit. - roadshow
① (N-COUNT) (由广播电台、杂志或公司组织的)路演，巡回演出 A roadshow is a travelling show organized by a radio station, magazine, or company.
② (N-COUNT) 巡回演出 A roadshow is a show presented by travelling actors.
③ (N-COUNT) 巡回宣传（或竞选）团队 A roadshow is a group of people who travel around a country, for example as part of an advertising or political campaign. - thereafter
(ADV) 之后;此后;随后 Thereafter means after the event or date mentioned. - cite
① (VERB) （尤指作为例证）引用，援引，提及 If you cite something, you quote it or mention it, especially as an example or proof of what you are saying.
② (VERB) (在案件中)指名,引证 To cite a person means to officially name them in a legal case. To cite a reason or cause means to state it as the official reason for your case.
③ (VERB) 传唤;传讯 If someone is cited, they are officially ordered to appear before a court. - timing
① (N-UNCOUNT) 时机掌握;时间选择 Timing is the skill or action of judging the right moment in a situation or activity at which to do something.
② (N-UNCOUNT) 时间安排 Timing is used to refer to the time at which something happens or is planned to happen, or to the length of time that something takes. - respective
(ADJ) 分别的;各自的 Respective means relating or belonging separately to the individual people you have just mentioned. - eager
① (ADJ-GRADED) 热切的;渴望的 If you are eager to do or have something, you want to do or have it very much.
② (ADJ-GRADED) （看起来或听上去）急切的，期盼的 If you look or sound eager, you look or sound as if you expect something interesting or enjoyable to happen. - exposure
① (N-UNCOUNT) 暴露;接触 Exposure to something dangerous means being in a situation where it might affect you.
② (N-UNCOUNT) （身体）受冻 Exposure is the harmful effect on your body caused by very cold weather.
③ (N-UNCOUNT) 曝光;揭发;揭露 The exposure of a well-known person is the revealing of the fact that they are bad or immoral in some way.
④ (N-UNCOUNT) 报道；宣传 Exposure is publicity that a person, company, or product receives. - institutional
① (ADJ) (大学、银行、教会等)(大型)机构的;具有机构特征的 Institutional means relating to a large organization, for example a university, bank, or church.
② (ADJ) 社会收容机构的 Institutional means relating to a building where people are looked after or held.
③ (ADJ) 习俗化了的;制度化了的 An institutional value or quality is considered an important and typical feature of a particular society or group, usually because it has existed for a long time.
④ (ADJ) 根深蒂固的 If someone accuses an organization of institutional racism or sexism, they mean that the organization is deeply racist or sexist and has been so for a long time. - private
① (ADJ) （产业、服务）私立的，私有的，私营的，民营的 Private industries and services are owned or controlled by an individual person or a commercial company, rather than by the state or an official organization.
② (ADJ) 个人的；私人的 Private individuals are acting only for themselves, and are not representing any group, company, or organization.
③ (ADJ) （财物等）个人所有的，私有的，私人的 Your private things belong only to you, or may only be used by you.
④ (ADJ) （地方、聚会等）非公开的，私人的 Private places or gatherings may be attended only by a particular group of people, rather than by the general public.
⑤ (ADJ) （会议、讨论、活动等）秘密的，私下的 Private meetings, discussions, and other activities involve only a small number of people, and very little information about them is given to other people.
⑥ (ADJ) （生活）私人的，个人的，与工作无关的 Your private life is that part of your life that is concerned with your personal relationships and activities, rather than with your work or business. - reluctant
(ADJ-GRADED) 勉强的;不情愿的 If you are reluctant to do something, you are unwilling to do it and hesitate before doing it, or do it slowly and without enthusiasm. - underwriting
（n）保险业; 包销; - scrutiny
(N-UNCOUNT) 详细的检查(或审查);仔细的观察 If a person or thing is under scrutiny, they are being studied or observed very carefully. - resign
① (VERB) 辞职;辞去;放弃 If you resign from a job or position, you formally announce that you are leaving it.
② (VERB) 屈从;顺从;安于;勉强接受 If you resign yourself to an unpleasant situation or fact, you accept it because you realize that you cannot change it. - scandal
① (N-COUNT) 丑行;丑闻 A scandal is a situation or event that is thought to be shocking and immoral and that everyone knows about.
② (N-UNCOUNT) 流言蜚语;关于丑闻的传言;谣言 Scandal is talk about the shocking and immoral aspects of someone's behaviour or something that has happened.
③ (N-SING) 令人气愤的事;不像话的事;可耻的行为 If you say that something is a scandal, you are angry about it and think that the people responsible for it should be ashamed. - controversy
(N-VAR) 争论;争议;辩论 Controversy is a lot of discussion and argument about something, often involving strong feelings of anger or disapproval. - aggressive
① (ADJ-GRADED) 好斗的；挑衅的 An aggressive person or animal has a quality of anger and determination that makes them ready to attack other people.
② (ADJ-GRADED) 有闯劲的；积极进取的 People who are aggressive in their work or other activities behave in a forceful way because they are very eager to succeed. - corporate
(ADJ) 公司的 Corporate means relating to business corporations or to a particular business corporation. - reportedly
(ADV) 据说;据报道 If you say that something is reportedly true, you mean that someone has said that it is true, but you have no direct evidence of it. - revenue
(N-UNCOUNT) (公司、组织的)收入，收益;（政府的）财政收入，税收 Revenue is money that a company, organization, or government receives from people. - by contrast
相比之下; 相形之下; - revenue
(N-UNCOUNT) (公司、组织的)收入，收益;（政府的）财政收入，税收 Revenue is money that a company, organization, or government receives from people. - total
① (N-COUNT) 总数;总额;合计 A total is the number that you get when you add several numbers together or when you count how many things there are in a group.
② (ADJ) 总的;总计的;全部的 The total number or cost of something is the number or cost that you get when you add together or count all the parts in it.
③ (PHRASE) 总共;总计 If there are a number of things in total, there are that number when you count or add them all together.
④ (VERB) 总数达;共计 If several numbers or things total a certain figure, that figure is the total of all the numbers or all the things.
⑤ (VERB) 计算…的总和;把…加起来 When you total a set of numbers or objects, you add them all together.
⑥ (ADJ) 完全的;彻底的;绝对的 You can use total to emphasize that something is as great in extent, degree, or amount as it possibly can be. - market cap
（n）Market capitalization/capitalisation 市场总值，上市公司的股票市值总合。它的大小和成长度是判断一个公司好坏的重要依据。;
