MySQL安装、卸载及基础配置

2020-11-15  本文已影响0人  Doooook

MySQL单机安装

操作系统:CentoOS 7
MySQL:5.6

MySQL卸载

查看MySQL软件

rpm -qa | grep mysql
yum repolist all | grep mysql
image.png image.png

卸载MySQL

# 卸载mysql
yum remove -y mysql mysql-libs mysql-common
# 删除mysql下的数据文件
rm -rf /var/lib/mysql
# 删除mysql配置文件
rm /etc/my.cnf
# 删除组件
yum remove -y mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch 

查看是否还有MySQL软件,有的话继续删除。

安装MySQL

# 下载rpm文件
wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm 
# 执行rpm源文件
rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm 
# 执行安装文件
yum install mysql-community-server

启动MySQL

systemctl start mysqld

设置root用户密码

例如:为root账号设置密码为root

/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'root'
# 如果原来有旧密码,需要修改密码,123是旧密码,root为新密码
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p '123' password 'root'

MySQL远程连接授权

grant 权限 on 数据库对象 to 用户
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root' WITH GRANT OPTION; 
-- 刷新权限
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

关闭Linux防火墙

# 关闭防火墙
ststemctl stop firewalld
# 设置开机不启动
systemctl disable firewalld.service

配置MySQL

vim /etc/my.cnf

修改内容如下:

[mysqld]
# MySQL设置大小写不敏感:默认:区分表名的大小写,不区分列名的大小写 
# 0:大小写敏感 1:大小写不敏感 
lower_case_table_names=1 
# 默认字符集
character-set-server=utf8

注意:一定要配置在[mysqld]下面

客户端远程访问

mysql -h 192.168.65.102 -uroot -proot

如果连接不上,可以按照如下步骤排查:

# 1. MySQL是否正常启动
[root@mysql-os ~]# ps -ef | grep mysql
root       6697      1  0 21:58 ?        00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --basedir=/usr --user=mysql
mysql      7157   6697  0 21:58 ?        00:00:03 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
root      25431  24971  0 22:15 pts/2    00:00:00 mysql -uroot -px xx
root      86966   7421  0 22:45 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql

# 2. 查看防火墙是否关闭
[root@mysql-os ~]# systemctl status firewalld
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)
     Docs: man:firewalld(1)

# 3. 查看root权限为所有ip都可以访问
mysql> show grants for root;
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for root@%                                                                                                              |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*81F5E21E35407D884A6CD4A731AEBFB6AF209E1B' WITH GRANT OPTION |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

# 4. 服务器与客户端是否可以ping/telnet通
(base) localhost:~ pengjinsen$ ping 192.168.65.102
PING 192.168.65.102 (192.168.65.102): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 192.168.65.102: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.187 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.65.102: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.399 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.65.102: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.376 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.65.102: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.206 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.65.102: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.144 ms
^C
--- 192.168.65.102 ping statistics ---
5 packets transmitted, 5 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 0.144/0.262/0.399/0.104 ms
(base) localhost:~ pengjinsen$ telnet 192.168.65.102 3306
Trying 192.168.65.102...
Connected to localhost.
Escape character is '^]'.
J
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