利用AVFoundation框架实现录音、音效、音视频的播放
2016-08-11 本文已影响658人
張贺
图片来自500px
文 || 張贺
利用AVFoundation框架可以做什么？
- 录音
- 音效
- 播放远程 / 本地音乐
- 播放远程 / 本地视频
录音
录音使用AVAudioRecorder这个类来进行录音
#import "ViewController.h"
#import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h>
@interface ViewController ()
@property (nonatomic,strong) AVAudioRecorder *recorder;
@end
@implementation ViewController
//懒加载
-(AVAudioRecorder *)recorder{
if (_recorder == nil) {
//1.创建沙盒路径
NSString *path = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) lastObject];
//2.拼接音频文件
NSString *filePath = [path stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"123.caf"];
//3.转换成url file://
NSURL *url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:filePath];
//4.设置录音的参数
NSDictionary *settings = @{
/**录音的质量，一般给LOW就可以了
typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, AVAudioQuality) {
AVAudioQualityMin = 0,
AVAudioQualityLow = 0x20,
AVAudioQualityMedium = 0x40,
AVAudioQualityHigh = 0x60,
AVAudioQualityMax = 0x7F
};*/
AVEncoderAudioQualityKey : [NSNumber numberWithInteger:AVAudioQualityLow],
AVEncoderBitRateKey : [NSNumber numberWithInteger:16],
AVSampleRateKey : [NSNumber numberWithFloat:8000],
AVNumberOfChannelsKey : [NSNumber numberWithInteger:2]
};
NSLog(@"%@",url);
//第一个参数就是你要把录音保存到哪的url
//第二个参数是一些录音的参数
//第三个参数是错误信息
self.recorder = [[AVAudioRecorder alloc]initWithURL:url settings:settings error:nil];
}
return _recorder;
}
//开始录音
- (IBAction)start:(id)sender {
[self.recorder record];
}
//停止录音
- (IBAction)stop:(id)sender {
[self.recorder stop];
}
@end
音效
- 又称“短音频”，通常在程序中的播放时长为1~2秒
- 在应用程序中起到点缀效果，提升整体用户体验
#import "ViewController.h"
#import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h>
@interface ViewController ()
@property (nonatomic,assign)SystemSoundID soundID;
@end
@implementation ViewController
-(SystemSoundID)soundID{
if (_soundID == 0) {
//生成soundID
CFURLRef url = (__bridge CFURLRef)[[NSBundle mainBundle]URLForResource:@"buyao.wav" withExtension:nil];
AudioServicesCreateSystemSoundID(url, &_soundID);
}
return _soundID;
}
- (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{
//播放音效
AudioServicesPlaySystemSound(self.soundID);//不带震动效果
//AudioServicesPlayAlertSound(<#SystemSoundID inSystemSoundID#>)//带震动效果
}
@end
播放音乐
播放本地音乐
比如游戏中的“背景音乐”，一般播放时间较长
使用AVAudioPlayer只能播放本地音乐
#import "ViewController.h"
#import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h>
@interface ViewController ()
@property (nonatomic,strong)AVAudioPlayer *player;
@end
@implementation ViewController
-(AVAudioPlayer *)player{
if (_player == nil) {
//1.音乐资源
NSURL *url = [[NSBundle mainBundle]URLForResource:@"235319.mp3" withExtension:nil];
//2.创建AVAudioPlayer对象
_player = [[AVAudioPlayer alloc]initWithContentsOfURL:url error:nil];
//3.准备播放（缓冲，提高播放的流畅性）
[_player prepareToPlay];
}
return _player;
}
//播放（异步播放）
- (IBAction)play {
[self.player play];
}
//暂停音乐，暂停后再开始从暂停的地方开始
- (IBAction)pause {
[self.player pause];
}
//停止音乐，停止后再开始从头开始
- (IBAction)stop {
[self.player stop];
//这里要置空
self.player = nil;
}
@end
播放远程音乐
使用AVPlayer既可以播放本地音乐也可以播放远程（网络上的）音乐
#import "ViewController.h"
#import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h>
@interface ViewController ()
@property (nonatomic,strong)AVPlayer *player;
@end
@implementation ViewController
-(void)touchesBegan:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{
//播放音乐
[self.player play];
}
#pragma mark - 懒加载
-(AVPlayer *)player{
if (_player == nil) {
//想要播放远程音乐，只要把url换成网络音乐就可以了
//NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://cc.stream.qqmusic.qq.com/C100003j8IiV1X8Oaw.m4a?fromtag=52"];
//1.本地的音乐资源
NSURL *url = [[NSBundle mainBundle]URLForResource:@"235319.mp3" withExtension:nil];
//2.这种方法设置的url不可以动态的切换
_player = [AVPlayer playerWithURL:url];
//2.0创建一个playerItem，可以通过改变playerItem来进行切歌
//AVPlayerItem *playerItem = [AVPlayerItem playerItemWithURL:url];
//2.1这种方法可以动态的换掉url
//_player = [AVPlayer playerWithPlayerItem:playerItem];
//AVPlayerItem *nextItem = [AVPlayerItem playerItemWithURL:nil];
//通过replaceCurrentItemWithPlayerItem：方法来换掉url，进行切歌
//[self.player replaceCurrentItemWithPlayerItem:nextItem];
}
return _player;
}
@end
播放本地 / 远程视频
使用AVPlayer也可以播放本地 / 远程视频
这种方式只能播放视频，上面是不能点击的，逻辑需要代码去实现
#import "ViewController.h"
#import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h>
@interface ViewController ()
@property(nonatomic,strong)AVPlayer *player;
@end
@implementation ViewController
-(void)touchesBegan:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{
//播放视频
[self.player play];
}
-(AVPlayer *)player{
if (_player == nil) {
//播放远程视频
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://v1.mukewang.com/a45016f4-08d6-4277-abe6-bcfd5244c201/L.mp4"];
//加载本地视频源
//NSURL *url = [[NSBundle mainBundle]URLForResource:@"xiaohuangren.mp4" withExtension:nil];
//创建播放器
AVPlayerItem *playerItem = [AVPlayerItem playerItemWithURL:url];
_player = [AVPlayer playerWithPlayerItem:playerItem];
//显示视频的层AVPlayerLayer
AVPlayerLayer *playerLayer = [AVPlayerLayer playerLayerWithPlayer:_player];
//视频的宽高比例一般为16 : 9
playerLayer.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, self.view.bounds.size.width, self.view.bounds.size.width * 9 / 16);
//把playerLayer添加到控制器的层上
[self.view.layer addSublayer:playerLayer];
}
return _player;
}
@end
使用AVPlayerViewController播放视频
AVPlayerViewController属于AVKit框架，应包含#import <AVKit/AVKit.h>
iOS9.0以后AVPlayerViewController取代了
MPMoviePlayerController和MPMoviePlayerViewController
#import "ViewController.h"
#import <AVKit/AVKit.h>
#import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h>
@interface ViewController ()
@property (nonatomic,strong)AVPlayerViewController *playerVC;
@end
@implementation ViewController
-(void)touchesBegan:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{
//以modal的样式弹出来,只能全屏显示
[self presentViewController:self.playerVC animated:YES completion:nil];
}
-(AVPlayerViewController *)playerVC{
if (_playerVC == nil) {
//视频源
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://v1.mukewang.com/a45016f4-08d6-4277-abe6-bcfd5244c201/L.mp4"];
//
AVPlayerItem *platerItem = [AVPlayerItem playerItemWithURL:url];
//
AVPlayer *player = [[AVPlayer alloc]initWithPlayerItem:platerItem];
//创建一个视频播放的控制器
//这个类实在AVKit框架下的
_playerVC = [[AVPlayerViewController alloc]init];
//设置player
_playerVC.player = player;
}
return _playerVC;
}
@end
AVPlayerViewController播放的视频张这样
