BEC剑桥英语高级真题3 Test 2 Part 1-how
A. Ensuring employees arrive at work geared up and ready to give their all is a major challenge facing managers today. It used to be so easy. A fat cheque and the promise of promotion was all that was needed to keep people committed, loyal and happy. But the world of work has changed, and nowadays, organisations cannot rely on the corporate cheque book to give them the edge. Numerous employment surveys have shown that although pay still makes people tick, a whole raft of other issues have entered the motivation equation.
今天确保雇员准备就绪并且全力以赴的工作是对经理来说一项巨大的挑战。过去是如此的容易。一张丰厚的支票和一个升职的承诺可以使得人们保持他们的承诺，忠诚和快乐。但是工作的世界开始改变，现在，公司不能依赖于支票簿（钱）来获得优势。虽然无数的雇佣的调查研究显示尽管薪水可以激励人们，但大量的其他问题也在激励方式中出现。
B. One of the problems is that managers often don't appreciate they are playing in a completely new ball game, and a reliance on old-style motivational techniques just won't work in today's technology-driven, fast-paced business environment. For example, an employee could be working in South Africa, with a boss sitting in London and main client they are dealing with based in Asia. So for someone who is very motivated by face-to-face contact and a collegiate environment, that could be a huge problem.
问题之一是管理人员经常不能领会到他们正在进入一个全新的球类游戏，同时对一个老的激励模式的依赖已经在当今技术驱动，高节奏的商业环境中行不通了。比如说，一个雇员可能在南非工作，他的老板在伦敦，同时他们正在合作的主要客户在亚洲。因此对需要面对面交流和学校环境的激烈的话， 那将成为一个巨大的问题。
C. What most employees expect is the chance to work flexibly, on interesting and stimulating tasks that give them the opportunity to develop their skills and talents. Managers on the ground may not always be able to influence pay and working practices-but, if they are to extract top performance from their teams, they need to know how to press the right button and create a culture that will inspire their workforce, a culture in which achievement is acknowledged and people feel valued.
大多数雇员期盼的是工作的多样性，兴趣并且能够激励的任务将给他们机会发展他们的技能和天赋。基层的管理人员可能不是总能够影响薪酬和工作的内容，但是，如果他们要能够从团队中获得最佳表现，他们需要知道如何按下正确的按钮并且创造一个激励他们生产力的企业文化，一种成就感能被认可并得到人们感到被重视的文化。
D. Organisations should focus on asking people what they want- a relatively simple task that is too often considered unnecessary. However, questions about motivation have to be asked skilfully, or you won't get to the bottom of what really makes people go that extra mile. Two people may both say they want an interesting and stimulating job, but have widely divergent ideas of what would constitute such a position: a city trader would probably find business consultancy boring, and a consultant might be scared by the city trader's job, but both may be very satisfied with their own job.
公司应该专注于询问自己的员工他们想要什么-一个他们经常认为是不必要的简单工作。然而，关于激励的问题必须被巧妙的问出来，否则的话你将无法弄清楚是什么让人们多做了一小步。两个人可能都在说他们想要一个由兴趣且有刺激的工作，但是关于构成这样一个职位的想法却大相径庭：一个城市里的贸易商可能发现商业咨询很无聊，同时，一个咨询师可能被贸易商的工作担惊受怕，但同时这两人都对自己的工作感到满意。
E. There are huge gaps between what employees expect from employers and what they actually get. For instance, employers' emphasis on employability(Equipping workers with "marketable"skills ) may be somewhat misguided. One study showed that what people really wanted was not employability but job security. As a result, employees had the feeling that their employer wasn't delivering, which had a detrimental effect on the employees' workplace performance and attitudes. The problem lies partly in a lack of communication: to ensure mutual understanding and to align employees' values and goals with those of the organisation, much more conversation is needed.
在员工期待从雇主那得到什么和他们实际得到的有一道巨大的差距。比如说，雇主对就业能力可能在有些方面有些误导（使工人装备适应市场的技能).一项研究显示员工实际想要的并不是就业能力而是工作保障。结果，员工产生了一种雇主未传递的感觉，这可能对员工的工作表现和态度产生了一个不好的影响。问题的原因一部分由于缺少沟通：为了确保员工的价值观和目标和公司的一致，需要更多的交流沟通。
- People may perceive the same type of work very differently.
员工可能对同样类型的工作认知非常不同。D - It is important that staff gain recognition for what they have done.
员工对他们工作认可是非常重要的。C - The behaviour of staff may be influenced by disappointment with what their organisation provides. 员工的行为可能会被他们公司提供的服务失望而受到影响。E
- Traditional ways of motivating staff can not be put into practice these days. 传统的激励员工的方式可能没有办法在当今时代中实践。B
- A good salary alone is no longer enough to motivate staff. 仅靠高薪不在足够激励员工 A
- It is desirable for staff and their employers to have similar objectives. 员工和雇主都希望能有相同的目标。E
- Staff should be able to improve their abilities through their work. 员工应该能通过工作提高他们的能力。C
- Not all companies see a need to find out what motivates their staff 并不是所有的公司都认为有必要找出是什么激烈他们的员工 . D
