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Android-Apng动画的播放

2018-08-27  本文已影响307人  湘北南

1. 概述

在深入了解Apng动画播放之前,我们需要对Apng的结构有所了解,具体参见Apng动画介绍,对Apng的整体结构有所了解后,下面我们来讲讲Apng动画的播放,主要包括Apng解析和Apng渲染两个过程。

2. Apng动画播放流程

Apng动画播放流程包括Apng解析和Apng渲染两个过程,Apng解析主要有两种方法,下面我们将会介绍,而Apng渲染主要包括三个步骤:消除(dispose)、合成(blend)、绘制(draw),由此得到Apng动画播放流程图如下:

Apng动画播放流程

3. Apng的解析

Apng的解析主要是将Apng文件转化成Apng序列帧Frame-n,从上面的流程图可知,Apng文件的解析列出了两种方案,下面来分别说说:
1)Apng文件首先经过一个解压(ApngExact)的过程,生成png序列帧保存在本地,然后经过加载(LoadPng)处理生成序列帧Frame-n。
假设Apng动画文件总共有90帧,那么经过ApngExact处理后,会生成90张png序列帧保存在本地,每帧通过LoadPng处理生成Bitmap并供后面的Apng渲染使用。
2)Apng是一个独立的文件,我们自己编写读取Apng文件的代码类:ApngReader,当渲染第i帧时,通过ApngReader直接获取第i帧的Bitmap。
比较:
1)方案一是将Apng文件全部解压成png序列图片保存在本地,方案二是把Apng文件当做一个整体去处理,需要第几帧直接读取第几帧,并将该帧以Bitmap的形似保存到内存。
2)方案一解压得到的png图片在后面的渲染中需要转化成Bitamp,而方案二直接就获取了第几帧的Bitmap,相比于方案一,方案二减少了一个从SD卡读取png文件的操作。

4. Apng的渲染

方案一的具体实现大家可以参考github上面的一个项目apng-view,下面我们来讲讲方案二的具体实现,即ApngReader的具体实现。

1) 解析Apng的每一帧
我们是将整个文件放到一个buffer里面,并且通过RandomAccessFile、MappedByteBuffer来读取Apng的每一帧,ApngReader的构造函数如下:

public ApngReader(String apngFile) throws IOException, FormatNotSupportException {
        RandomAccessFile f = new RandomAccessFile(apngFile, "r");
        mBuffer = f.getChannel().map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_ONLY, 0, f.length());
        f.close();
        if (mBuffer.getInt() != PNG_SIG
                && mBuffer.getInt(4) != PNG_SIG_VER
                && mBuffer.getInt(8) != CODE_IHDR) {
            throw new FormatNotSupportException("Not a png/apng file");
        }
        mChunk = new ApngMmapParserChunk(mBuffer);
        reset();
    }

下面来看看读取每一帧的方法:

/**
     * get next frame control info & bitmap
     *
     * @return next frame control info, or null if no next FCTL chunk || no next IDAT/FDAT
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public ApngFrame nextFrame() throws IOException {
        // reset read pointers from previous frame's lock
        mPngStream.clearDataChunks();
        mPngStream.resetPos();
        mChunk.unlockRead();

        // locate next FCTL chunk
        boolean ihdrCopied = false;
        while (mChunk.typeCode != CODE_fcTL) {
            switch (mChunk.typeCode) {
                case CODE_IEND:
                    return null;
                case CODE_IHDR:
                    mPngStream.setIHDR(mChunk.duplicateData());
                    break;
                case CODE_acTL:
                    handleACTL(mChunk);
                    ihdrCopied = true;
                    break;
                default:
                    handleOtherChunk(mChunk);
            }
            mChunk.parseNext();
        }

        // located at FCTL chunk
        ApngFrame frame = new ApngFrame();
        mChunk.assignTo(frame);

        // locate next IDAT or fdAt chunk
        mChunk.parseNext();// first move next from current FCTL
        while (mChunk.typeCode != CODE_IDAT && mChunk.typeCode != CODE_fdAT) {
            switch (mChunk.typeCode) {
                case CODE_IEND:
                    return null;
                case CODE_IHDR:
                    mPngStream.setIHDR(mChunk.duplicateData());
                    ihdrCopied = true;
                    break;
                case CODE_acTL:
                    handleACTL(mChunk);
                    break;
                default:
                    handleOtherChunk(mChunk);
            }
            mChunk.parseNext();
        }

        // located at first IDAT or fdAT chunk
        // collect all consecutive dat chunks
        boolean needUpdateIHDR = true;
        int dataOffset = mChunk.getOffset();
        while (mChunk.typeCode == CODE_fdAT || mChunk.typeCode == CODE_IDAT) {
            if (needUpdateIHDR && (!ihdrCopied || mChunk.typeCode == CODE_fdAT)) {
                mPngStream.updateIHDR(frame.getWidth(), frame.getHeight());
                needUpdateIHDR = false;
            }

            if (mChunk.typeCode == CODE_fdAT) {
                mPngStream.addDataChunk(new Fdat2IdatChunk(mChunk));
            } else {
                mPngStream.addDataChunk(new ApngMmapParserChunk(mChunk));
            }
            mChunk.parseNext();
        }

        // lock position for this frame's image as OutputStream
        mChunk.lockRead(dataOffset);
        frame.imageStream = mPngStream;
        return frame;
    }

2) Apng的消除操作
Apng的消除操作是在ApngFrameRender的render方法做的,方法如下:

    /**
     * 渲染当前帧画面
     *
     * @param frame apng中当前帧
     * @return 渲染合成后的当前帧图像
     */
    public Bitmap render(ApngFrame frame, Bitmap frameBmp) {
        // 执行消除操作
        dispose(frame);
        // 合成当前帧
        blend(frame, frameBmp);
        return mRenderFrame;
    }

dispose(ApngFrame frame)方法如下:

/**
     * 帧图像析构消除 - 提交结果
     */
    private void dispose(ApngFrame frame) {
        // last frame dispose op
        switch (mLastDisposeOp) {
            case APNG_DISPOSE_OP_NONE:
                // no op
                break;

            case APNG_DISPOSE_OP_BACKGROUND:
                // clear rect
                mRenderCanvas.clipRect(mDisposeRect);
                mRenderCanvas.drawColor(Color.TRANSPARENT, PorterDuff.Mode.CLEAR);
                mRenderCanvas.clipRect(mFullRect, Region.Op.REPLACE);
                break;

            case APNG_DISPOSE_OP_PREVIOUS:
                // swap work and cache bitmap
                Bitmap bmp = mRenderFrame;
                mRenderFrame = mDisposedFrame;
                mDisposedFrame = bmp;
                mRenderCanvas.setBitmap(mRenderFrame);
                mDisposeCanvas.setBitmap(mDisposedFrame);
                break;
        }

        // current frame dispose op
        mLastDisposeOp = frame.getDisposeOp();
        switch (mLastDisposeOp) {
            case APNG_DISPOSE_OP_NONE:
                // no op
                break;

            case APNG_DISPOSE_OP_BACKGROUND:
                // cache rect for next clear dispose
                int x = frame.getxOff();
                int y = frame.getyOff();
                mDisposeRect.set(x, y, x + frame.getWidth(), y + frame.getHeight());
                break;

            case APNG_DISPOSE_OP_PREVIOUS:
                // cache bmp for next restore dispose
                mDisposeCanvas.clipRect(mFullRect, Region.Op.REPLACE);
                mDisposeCanvas.drawColor(Color.TRANSPARENT, PorterDuff.Mode.CLEAR);
                mDisposeCanvas.drawBitmap(mRenderFrame, 0, 0, null);
                break;
        }
    }

3) Apng的合成操作
Apng的合成操作是在每一帧经过dispose之后做的,具体方法是blend(ApngFrame frame, Bitmap frameBmp),代码如下:

 /**
     * 帧图像合成
     */
    private void blend(ApngFrame frame, Bitmap frameBmp) {
        int xOff = frame.getxOff();
        int yOff = frame.getyOff();

        mRenderCanvas.clipRect(xOff, yOff, xOff + frame.getWidth(), yOff + frame.getHeight());
        if (frame.getBlendOp() == APNG_BLEND_OP_SOURCE) {
            mRenderCanvas.drawColor(Color.TRANSPARENT, PorterDuff.Mode.CLEAR);
        }
        mRenderCanvas.drawBitmap(frameBmp, xOff, yOff, null);
        mRenderCanvas.clipRect(mFullRect, Region.Op.REPLACE);


    }

4) Apng的绘制
Apng的每一帧经过消除、合成操作之后,就可以在View上面draw,具体代码如下:

 /**
         * draw the appointed frame
         */
        private void drawFrame(AnimParams animItem, ApngFrame frame, Bitmap frameBmp) {
            if (surfaceEnabled && !isInterrupted()) {
                //start to draw the frame
                try {
                    Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
                    matrix.setScale(mScale, mScale);
                    Bitmap bmp = mFrameRender.render(frame, frameBmp);

                    //saveBitmap(bmp, index);
                    index ++;

                    Canvas canvas = getHolder().lockCanvas();
                    //anti-aliasing
                    canvas.drawColor(Color.TRANSPARENT, PorterDuff.Mode.CLEAR);
                    float[] tranLeftAndTop = ApngUtils.getTranLeftAndTop(canvas, bmp, animItem.align, mScale, animItem.percent);
                    canvas.setDrawFilter(new PaintFlagsDrawFilter(0, Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG | Paint.FILTER_BITMAP_FLAG));
                    matrix.postTranslate(tranLeftAndTop[0], tranLeftAndTop[1]);
                    canvas.drawBitmap(bmp, matrix, null);
                    getHolder().unlockCanvasAndPost(canvas); //  unlock the canvas
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    Log.e(TAG, "draw error msg:" + Log.getStackTraceString(e));
                }
            }
        }

4. 实例

我们是在SurfaceView上面来绘制Apng的每一帧,例子如下:

Activity代码:

public class MainActivity extends Activity{
    private ApngSurfaceView mApngSurfaceView;
    private static final  String COLOR_BALL_IMAGE_PATH = "assets://color_ball.png";
    //private static final  String CAR_IMAGE_PATH = "assets://car.png";


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mApngSurfaceView = (ApngSurfaceView)findViewById(R.id.apng_surface_view);
        Button startPlay = (Button) findViewById(R.id.start_play);
        startPlay.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                playAnim();
            }
        });
    }


    private void playAnim(){
        File file = FileUtils.processApngFile(COLOR_BALL_IMAGE_PATH, this);
        if(file == null) return;
        AnimParams animItem = new AnimParams();
        animItem.align = 2;
        animItem.imagePath = file.getAbsolutePath();
        animItem.isHasBackground = true;
        animItem.percent = 0.5f;
        mApngSurfaceView.addApngForPlay(animItem);
    }
}

Layout代码:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@android:color/white"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <com.apng.ApngSurfaceView
        android:id="@+id/apng_surface_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_gravity="center" />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/start_play"
        android:text="@string/play"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

</RelativeLayout>

我们把一张Apng图片放到Asset目录下,通过ApngSurfaceView来播放。

5. 说明

SakuApng的作者: ltf、xing.hu。

SakuApng地址:Apng的项目地址-SakuApng

例子演示:

汽车动画.gif
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