Flutter 121: 图解简易 Slider 滑动条
小菜在业务开发过程中会自定义 Slider 滑动条,而在自定义之前,小菜先简单了解一下 Flutter 自带的 Slider;
Slider
源码分析
const Slider({
Key key,
@required this.value, // 滑动过程中对应值
@required this.onChanged, // 滑动过程回调
this.onChangeStart, // 滑动起始时位置回调
this.onChangeEnd, // 滑动结束时位置回调
this.min = 0.0, // 滑动条最小范围
this.max = 1.0, // 滑动条最大范围
this.divisions, // 滑动条均分比例份数
this.label, // 滑动条标签
this.activeColor, // 滑动条选中颜色
this.inactiveColor, // 滑动条未选中颜色
this.semanticFormatterCallback,
})
简单分析源码可得,Slider 是一个有状态的 StatefulWidget 组件,属性也很清晰易懂,其中滑动过程中对应的 value 值和 onChanged 回调是必须参数;
案例尝试
1. value & onChanged
value 未滑动过程中对应的值,在 min 和 max 之间;onChanged 是在滑动过程中回调,当 onChanged 为 null 或 value 所在的 min 和 max 集合范围为空时,Slider 禁止滑动;
var _value01 = 0.0;
return Slider(value: _value01, onChanged: (val) => setState(() => _value01 = val));
2. min & max
min 和 max 为滑动条范围,而 value 的取值范围是在 min 和 max 之间,无论 value 为正还是负,均需要在 min 和 max 之间;
var _value02 = 0.0;
return Slider(value: _value02, min: 0.0, max: 100.0,
onChanged: (val) => setState(() => _value02 = val));
3. activeColor & inactiveColor
activeColor 为滑动条已滑动过的颜色;inactiveColor 为滑动条中未滑动的颜色;两者均可以在 SliderTheme 中设置;
return Slider(
value: _value02, min: 0.0, max: 100.0,
activeColor: Colors.deepOrange, inactiveColor: Colors.grey,
onChanged: (val) => setState(() => _value02 = val));
4. label & divisions;
label 为滑动条滑动到某一节点的标签文案;divisions 是把 min 和 max 等分为 divisions 份数;只有在 divisions 生效时,label 才会展示;
return Slider(value: _value02, min: 0.0, max: 100.0,
activeColor: Colors.deepPurple, nactiveColor: Colors.grey,
divisions: 5, label: 'Current Label = $_value02',
onChanged: (val) => setState(() => _value02 = val));
5. onChangeStart & onChangeEnd
onChangeStart 和 onChangeEnd 分别对应滑动过程中 value 值何时开始更改或何时完成更改时对应的回调;
return Slider(value: _value02, min: 0.0, max: 100.0,
activeColor: Colors.green, inactiveColor: Colors.grey,
onChangeStart: (val) => print('onChangeStart -> $val'),
onChangeEnd: (val) => print('onChangeEnd -> $val'),
onChanged: (val) => setState(() => _value02 = val));
SliderTheme
Slider 的主题效果可以通过 SliderTheme 或 ThemeData.sliderTheme 中获取更新,相较于 Slider 只提供已滑动和未滑动颜色效果,属性粒度更细;
SliderThemeData
1. activeTrackColor & inactiveTrackColor
activeTrackColor 和 inactiveTrackColor 分别对应 Slider 已滑动过和未滑动过的轨道颜色;
return SliderTheme(
data: SliderThemeData(activeTrackColor: Colors.pink, inactiveTrackColor: Colors.grey),
child: _itemSlide06());
2. thumbColor & overlayColor & overlayShape
thumbColor 对应滑动按钮颜色,而 overlayColor 对应滑动按钮映射的叠层颜色,通常设置为半透明状态;overlayShape 对应叠层样式;
return SliderTheme(
data: SliderThemeData(activeTrackColor: Colors.pink.withOpacity(0.8), inactiveTrackColor: Colors.grey,
thumbColor: Colors.deepPurple, overlayColor: Colors.deepPurple.withOpacity(0.3), overlayShape: RoundSliderOverlayShape(overlayRadius: 30.0))),
child: _itemSlide06());
3. valueIndicatorColor & valueIndicatorShape & valueIndicatorShape
valueIndicatorColor 对应 label 气泡颜色;valueIndicatorShape 对应气泡内文字属性;valueIndicatorShape 对应气泡样式,可以再此进行自定义气泡;
return SliderTheme(
data: SliderThemeData(
activeTrackColor: Colors.pink.withOpacity(0.8), inactiveTrackColor: Colors.grey,
thumbColor: Colors.deepPurple, overlayColor: Colors.deepPurple.withOpacity(0.3),
valueIndicatorColor: Colors.deepPurple.withOpacity(0.6), valueIndicatorShape: PaddleSliderValueIndicatorShape(), valueIndicatorTextStyle: TextStyle(fontSize: 14.0)),
child: _itemSlide06());
4. activeTickMarkColor & inactiveTickMarkColor & tickMarkShape
activeTickMarkColor 对应已选中刻度颜色;inactiveTickMarkColor 对应未选中刻度颜色;tickMarkShape 对应刻度样式;
return SliderTheme(
data: SliderThemeData(
activeTrackColor: Colors.pink.withOpacity(0.8), inactiveTrackColor: Colors.grey,
thumbColor: Colors.deepPurple, overlayColor: Colors.deepPurple.withOpacity(0.3),
valueIndicatorColor: Colors.deepPurple.withOpacity(0.6), valueIndicatorShape: PaddleSliderValueIndicatorShape(), valueIndicatorTextStyle: TextStyle(fontSize: 14.0),
activeTickMarkColor: Colors.deepPurple.withOpacity(0.8), inactiveTickMarkColor: Colors.pink.withOpacity(0.4), tickMarkShape: RoundSliderTickMarkShape(tickMarkRadius: 4.0)),
child: _itemSlide06());
5. trackHeight & trackShape
trackHeight 为 Slider 轨道高度;trackShape 对应轨道样式,主要再此处进行自定义样式;
trackHeight: 8.0
6. 不可滑动状态
对于不可滑动状态,SliderThemeData 提供了对应属性;
- disabledActiveTrackColor 对应已滑动轨道颜色;
- disabledInactiveTrackColor 对应未滑动轨道颜色;
- disabledThumbColor 对应滑动按钮颜色;
- disabledActiveTickMarkColor 对应已滑动刻度颜色;
- disabledInactiveTickMarkColor 对应未滑动刻度颜色;
return SliderTheme(
data: SliderThemeData(
disabledActiveTrackColor: Colors.deepOrange.withOpacity(0.8),
disabledInactiveTrackColor: Colors.grey,
disabledThumbColor: Colors.grey,
disabledActiveTickMarkColor: Colors.deepOrange.withOpacity(0.8),
disabledInactiveTickMarkColor: Colors.yellow.withOpacity(0.8),
tickMarkShape: RoundSliderTickMarkShape(tickMarkRadius: 4.0),
trackHeight: 4.0),
child: Slider(value: 0.6, divisions: 5, onChanged: null));
小菜本节暂未涉及自定义滑动条样式,对于底层的 Slider 了解还不够深入;如有错误,请多多指导!
来源: 阿策小和尚