注解驱动的springmvc加载过程源码解析

2020-03-18  本文已影响0人  xdoyf

按照servlet3.0规范的规定,tomcat等web容器在启动的时候需要查看META-INF/services目录下的以javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer作为文件名的文件并加载文件中实现了ServletContainerInitializer接口的类

ServletContainerInitializer

spring-web的实现为SpringServletContainerInitializer:

WEB-INF/services/ SpringServletContainerInitializer

该类被@HandlesTypes(WebApplicationInitializer.class)所注解,所以该类的onStartup方法实现中可以以Set<Class<?>> webAppInitializerClasses参数接收到所有WebApplicationInitializer接口的实现类:

    public void onStartup(@Nullable Set<Class<?>> webAppInitializerClasses, ServletContext servletContext)
            throws ServletException {

再看看WebApplicationInitializer的实现类有哪些:

WebApplicationInitializer的层级关系

下面看看SpringServletContainerInitializer.onStartup具体的逻辑(相关性不强的代码我就不贴出来了,主要看逻辑):

    public void onStartup(@Nullable Set<Class<?>> webAppInitializerClasses, ServletContext servletContext)
            throws ServletException {

        List<WebApplicationInitializer> initializers = new LinkedList<>();
         //拿到所有WebApplicationInitializer的实现类,如果该类不是接口、抽象类那么反射创建该类实例
        if (webAppInitializerClasses != null) {
            for (Class<?> waiClass : webAppInitializerClasses) {
                if (!waiClass.isInterface() && !Modifier.isAbstract(waiClass.getModifiers()) &&
                        WebApplicationInitializer.class.isAssignableFrom(waiClass)) {
                    try {
                        initializers.add((WebApplicationInitializer)
                                ReflectionUtils.accessibleConstructor(waiClass).newInstance());
                    }
                    catch (Throwable ex) {
                        throw new ServletException("Failed to instantiate WebApplicationInitializer class", ex);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        //排序后依次执行onStartup方法
        AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(initializers);
        for (WebApplicationInitializer initializer : initializers) {
            initializer.onStartup(servletContext);
        }
    }

根据上面代码的分析SpringServletContainerInitializer并没有执行具体的springIOC容器的加载和DispatcherServlet的注册,而是把具体的加载逻辑委托给了WebApplicationInitializer的实现类,但是WebApplicationInitializer的层级关系图显示,spring框架除了提供了三个抽象实现外并没有提供具体的实现类,所以需要开发者自己提供,我们先看最外层的封装AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer的注释(不喜欢英文的直接看后面翻译):

/**

AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer实现

这种方式就可以配置spring的root 容器和DispatcherServlet使用的mvc容器并配置DispatcherServlet的路径映射信息了,相当简单。

下面分析原理,再次熟悉一下层级关系:
->WebApplicationInitializer
->AbstractContextLoaderInitializer
->AbstractDispatcherServletInitializer
->AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer

直接看onStartup方法,onStartup只在AbstractContextLoaderInitializer和AbstractDispatcherServletInitializer中实现,我们从外往里看
AbstractDispatcherServletInitializer:

    @Override
    public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {
        //调用父类的onStartup
        super.onStartup(servletContext);
        //注册DispatcherServlet
        registerDispatcherServlet(servletContext);
    }

AbstractContextLoaderInitializer:

    @Override
    public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {
        //注册ContextLoaderListener
        registerContextLoaderListener(servletContext);
    }

其实从类的名字上我们就可以猜出来他们各自完成了什么工作了,AbstractContextLoaderInitializer的作用是向servletContext中注册ContextLoaderListener,这和我们使用xml配置方式加载springIOC容器的方式是一样的,AbstractDispatcherServletInitializer负责注册DispatcherServlet加载mvc容器。

    protected void registerContextLoaderListener(ServletContext servletContext) {
        //创建根容器rootAppContext
        WebApplicationContext rootAppContext = createRootApplicationContext();
        if (rootAppContext != null) {
            //实例化ContextLoaderListener
            ContextLoaderListener listener = new ContextLoaderListener(rootAppContext);
            //必要的话传入contextInitializers
            listener.setContextInitializers(getRootApplicationContextInitializers());
            //注册到servletContext中
            servletContext.addListener(listener);
        }
        else {
            logger.debug("No ContextLoaderListener registered, as " +
                    "createRootApplicationContext() did not return an application context");
        }
    }

关于上面创建根容器rootAppContext的方法createRootApplicationContext:

    protected WebApplicationContext createRootApplicationContext() {
        //获取用户定义的根容器配置类,在我们的例子中是AppConfig
        Class<?>[] configClasses = getRootConfigClasses();
        if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(configClasses)) {
            //仅仅将配置类注册到根IOC容器中以供ContextLoaderListener使用,具体容器加载过程由ContextLoaderListener完成
            AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext rootAppContext = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
            rootAppContext.register(configClasses);
            return rootAppContext;
        }
        else {
            return null;
        }
    }

ContextLoaderListener加载IOC容器的原理这里就不再赘述了。下面看DispatcherServlet的注册过程:

protected void registerDispatcherServlet(ServletContext servletContext) {
        //获得servlet名称,固定值"dispatcher"
        String servletName = getServletName();
        //生成AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext容器,并将配置类注册进去(具体代码看后面的代码块)
        WebApplicationContext servletAppContext = createServletApplicationContext();
        //实例化DispatcherServlet,传入生成好的context容器
        FrameworkServlet dispatcherServlet = createDispatcherServlet(servletAppContext);
        //必要的话传入contextInitializers
        dispatcherServlet.setContextInitializers(getServletApplicationContextInitializers());
        //将DispatcherServlet注册到servletContext中
        ServletRegistration.Dynamic registration = servletContext.addServlet(servletName, dispatcherServlet);
        //设置LoadOnStartup
        registration.setLoadOnStartup(1);
        //设置mapping
        registration.addMapping(getServletMappings());
        //设置异步支持
        registration.setAsyncSupported(isAsyncSupported());
        //注册过滤器
        Filter[] filters = getServletFilters();
        if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(filters)) {
            for (Filter filter : filters) {
                registerServletFilter(servletContext, filter);
            }
        }
          //自定义配置
        customizeRegistration(registration);
    }

createServletApplicationContext:

    protected WebApplicationContext createServletApplicationContext() {
            //实例化容器
        AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext servletAppContext = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
            //获取配置类(webConfig)
        Class<?>[] configClasses = getServletConfigClasses();
        if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(configClasses)) {
            //注册配置类
            servletAppContext.register(configClasses);
        }
        return servletAppContext;
    }

配置好DispatcherServlet后,服务器web容器启动时根据LoadOnStartup属性会自动开始springmvc容器的加载过程。

总结

web容器启动->
注册contextloaderlistener(此监听器为servletcontextlistener,在servletcontext初始化之后执行内部方法完成root context的初始化工作)
向web容器注册dispatcherservlet,设置loadonstartup参数为1,即启动时执行init方法,在init方法中获取之前初始化完成的root context 完成web context的初始化。

上一篇下一篇

猜你喜欢

热点阅读