手写bind, call, apply

bind

 /* istanbul ignore next */
  function polyfillBind (fn, ctx) {
    function boundFn (a) {
      var l = arguments.length;
      return l
        ? l > 1
          ? fn.apply(ctx, arguments)
          : fn.call(ctx, a)
        : fn.call(ctx)
    }

    boundFn._length = fn.length;
    return boundFn
  }

  function nativeBind (fn, ctx) {
    return fn.bind(ctx)
  }

  var bind = Function.prototype.bind
    ? nativeBind
    : polyfillBind;