iOS模糊搜索（支持拼音检索 首字母 等）

1.实现原理是：将源数据转化为拼音、首字母等临时字符串，将搜索内容与这个临时字符串比对进行搜索。

比如：源数据“艾美”，会转化为临时字符串“#aimei,ai#mei,#am,#艾美”。

拼音转化方法实现:
-(NSString*)transformToPinyin:(NSString *)aString{ 

  //转成了可变字符串
  NSMutableString *str = [NSMutableString stringWithString:aString];
  CFStringTransform((CFMutableStringRef)str,NULL,       kCFStringTransformMandarinLatin,NO);

   //再转换为不带声调的拼音
   CFStringTransform((CFMutableStringRef)str,NULL, kCFStringTransformStripDiacritics,NO);
   NSArray *pinyinArray = [str componentsSeparatedByString:@" "];
   NSMutableString *allString = [NSMutableString new];

   int count = 0;
   for (int  i = 0; i < pinyinArray.count; i++){
      for(int i = 0; i < pinyinArray.count;i++){
           if (i == count) {
               [allString appendString:@"#"];
               //区分第几个字母
           }
           [allString appendFormat:@"%@",pinyinArray[i]];
       }
       [allString appendString:@","];
       count ++;
   }
    NSMutableString *initialStr = [NSMutableString new];
   //拼音首字母
   for (NSString *s in pinyinArray){
       if (s.length > 0){
           [initialStr appendString:  [s substringToIndex:1]];
       }
   }
   [allString appendFormat:@"#%@",initialStr];
   [allString appendFormat:@",#%@",aString];
   return allString;}

2.输入关键字进行搜索:
注意：为避免搜索过程中卡顿，一定要在子线程中调用哈

-(void)searchRealText:(NSString *)text{
    [self.resultList removeAllObjects];

    dispatch_queue_t searchQueue = dispatch_queue_create("searchs.movie.device", DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL);
    dispatch_async(searchQueue, ^{
        for (KGMInputModel* model in self.inputList) {
            NSString* pinyin = [NSString transformToPinyin:model.v_device_input_name];
            if ([pinyin rangeOfString:text options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch].length>0) {
                [self.resultList addObject:model];
             }
        }
        dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
            //刷新界面
        });
    });
}

3.实时搜索：节流，我这里用的是RAC

  @weakify(self);
  [[[self.textField.rac_textSignal distinctUntilChanged] throttle:0.5]   subscribeNext:^(NSString * _Nullable text) {
@strongify(self);
 if (self.searchTextReturn) {
      self.searchTextReturn(text);
  }}];

4.拖拽滑动收键盘

 self.tableView.keyboardDismissMode = UIScrollViewKeyboardDismissModeOnDrag;