Environment

1. 3 VM Ubuntu 16.04.1 GUI

2. 1 master and 2 slaves

Install Hosts

Create 3 virtual machines. As we need 1 master and 2 slaves, please name the computers as “master-id”, “slave1-id” and “slave2-id”, such as “master-123456”,” slave1-123456”and” slave2-123456”. The image is “Ubuntu 16.04-GUI”.

Edit domain name files.

Check your own IP and host name .

Open Terminal on the master host.

$ sudo vi /etc/hosts

Input password ‘’ and press ‘Enter’.

Then press the “Insert” button on your keyboard to edit the domain name file.

Modify the 3 IP addresses and corresponding names of your hosts into the file. Note that the names set in the hosts file should be the same as host names, otherwise unexpected errors will occur.

image.png

When finished, press on “Esc” on your keyboard.

Input “:wq!” then “Enter” to save and exit.

Remember this operation for vim or vi editing. “w” means “write”, “q” means “quit”, “!” means “ obligatory”. If you just want to read and exit, just input “:q” then press “Enter”.

Then do the same operations on two slave hosts.（Do not forget this step!!!)

Install JDK

1. Install JDK

$sudo apt install openjdk-8-jdk

Input “Y” and press “Enter”.

2. Modify the system path file

$ sudo vim /etc/profile

Set the environment variables (operation mentioned above -- Insert, Esc, :wq!, Enter)

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/
export PATH=JAVA_HOME/bin

3. Put the environment variable into effect immediately

$ source /etc/profile

4. Verify

$ java -version

It is okay.

Then install JDK on the two slave hosts.

Set non - password login

Why and how to set ssh non-password login:

http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-03/114709.htm

1. Generate the public key of SSH.

$ ssh-keygen –t rsa –P ‘ ’ –f ~/.ssh/id_rsa

2. Copy and send files

$ ssh-copy-id slave1-123456

$ ssh-copy-id slave2-123456

Do not forget connect the master self

$ ssh-copy-id localhost

Then do the same operations on the two slave hosts.

On slave1-123456:

$ ssh-keygen –t rsa –P ‘’ –f ~/.ssh/id_rsa

$ ssh-copy-id master-123456

$ ssh-copy-id slave2-123456

On slave2-123456:

$ ssh-keygen –t rsa –P ‘’ –f ~/.ssh/id_rsa

$ ssh-copy-id master-123456

$ ssh-copy-id slave1-123456

3. Test the ssh connection from master to slaves.

On master:

$ ssh slave1-123456

$ ssh slave2-123456

It is okay.

Hadoop Settings

1. Download

$ wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/hadoop/common/stable/hadoop-3.2.1.tar.gz

2. Unzip the file

We put it in the default directory (/home/uic/hadoop-3.2.1)

$ tar -zxvf hadoop-3.2.1.tar.gz

Set Hadoop configuration files

Set the environment variables

$ cd ~/hadoop-3.2.1/etc/hadoop

$ sudo vim /etc/profile

export HADOOP_HOME=/home/uic/hadoop-3.2.1
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/
export PATH=JAVA_HOME/bin:HADOOP_HOME/sbin

1. Configure hadoop-env.sh and yarn-env.sh

$ cd ~/hadoop-3.2.1/etc/hadoop

$ sudo vim hadoop-env.sh

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64

$ sudo vim yarn-env.sh

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64

Note: we need create the following folders for the following configuration:

~/hadoop-3.2.1/tmp
~/hadoop-3.2.1/hdfs/name
~/hadoop-3.2.1/hdfs/data

mkdir tmp
mkdir –p hdfs/data

2. core-site.xml

$ cd ~/hadoop-3.2.1/etc/hadoop

$ sudo vim core-site.xml

<configuration>
<property>
<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
<value>hdfs://master-123456:9000</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>/home/uic/hadoop-3.2.1/tmp</value>
<description>Abase for other temporary directories.</description>
</property>
</configuration>

3. mapred-site.xml

$ sudo vim mapred-site.xml

<configuration>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
<value>yarn</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapred.job.tracker</name>
<value>master-123456:49001</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapred.job.dir</name>
<value>/home/uic/hadoop-3.2.1/var</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.app.mapreduce.am.env</name>
<value>HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=/home/uic/hadoop-3.2.1</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.map.env</name>
<value>HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=/home/uic/hadoop-3.2.1</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.reduce.env</name>
<value>HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=/home/uic/hadoop-3.2.1</value>
</property>
</configuration>

4. hdfs-site.xml

$ sudo vim hdfs-site.xml

<configuration>
<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>2</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
<value>file:/home/uic/hadoop-3.2.1/hdfs/name</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
<value>file:/home/uic/hadoop-3.2.1/hdfs/data</value>
</property>
</configuration>

5. yarn-site.xml

$ sudo vim yarn-site.xml

<configuration>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
<value>master-123456</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.vmem-check-enabled</name>
<value>false</value>
</property>
</configuration>

6. Set slave nodesw

$sudo vim workers

slave1-123456
slave2-123456

7. Copy files to slaves

scp -r /home/uic/hadoop-3.2.1/ uic@slave2-123456:~

Test Hadoop

1. Format distributed file system

hdfs namenode –format

2. Start

$ start-all.sh

3. Verify if it is successful

On master host, there should be: NameNode, SecondaryNameNode, Jps and ResourceManager

$ jps

On slave hosts, there should be: Jps, DataNode and NodeManager.

It is successful.

4. Stop

$ stop-all.sh

Note:

If perform “hdfs namenode –format” more than one time, you may encounter the problem that DataNode cannot start.

Try the following command: $ rm –rf /home/uic/hadoop-3.2.1/hdfs/* and then perform the format operation again.

5. test hdfs commands

$ hdfs dfs –mkdir –p /user/uic/hadoop/

Create the directories under HDFS

$ hdfs dfs -put ~/Desktop/test1.txt /user/uic/hadoop/test2.txt

Upload a file to a specified directory and rename it.

$ hdfs dfs –cat /user/uic/hadoop/test2.txt

View the contents of the in directory on HDFS.

$ hdfs dfs -ls /user/uic/hadoop/

List the files under HDFS.

$ hdfs dfs -get /user/uic/hadoop/test2.txt ~/Desktop

Get the file from HDFS

Like put, you can manipulate files and directories.

$ hdfs dfs -rm /user/uic/hadoop/test2.txt

Delete the specified file from HDFS.

$ hdfs dfsadmin –report

View basic statistics for HDFS.

6. Web interface

Once the Hadoop cluster is up and running check the web-ui of the components as described below:

To check the namenode information: http://master-123456:9870

To check the resource manager information: http://master-123456:8088